For everyone, career will run through life. Individuals are either in the stage of career preparation, career choice, career work or career termination. At this different stage, everyone's career is influenced by various factors, and different results will appear.
First, personal factors.
Personal factors play a fundamental role in a person's career and determine a person's development direction and prospects. It includes health, gender, age, education and self-worth.
1, healthy
Good health is the first condition for anyone to start a career. Almost all occupations need to have a healthy body. Most people who actively pursue health are satisfied with their past professional experience.
They attach importance to life, care about health and pursue persistently. But a busy career can lead to increased stress. Therefore, it is very important to take some skills and keep moderate pressure to motivate yourself without hurting your health.
2. Gender
Gender issues are of special significance to the challenges of career. It is generally believed that outstanding career is a man's happiness. Men find it difficult to fully allocate time for work, family and leisure; Women, on the other hand, are troubled by the coordination between housework needs and work needs.
Everyone must find their own desires in order to fully develop their gender characteristics and play a successful role, which is closely related to their personal career.
3. Education
Career development is deeply influenced by formal education or professional training. The success in education is obviously related to the promotion of social class. Anyone whose social class is higher than their parents' feels that education is the main driving force to change the social class.
Although education level is an indispensable factor for career success, it may not be the case for most occupations. Now enterprises are more interested in what employers can do, rather than just focusing on academic qualifications.
Generally speaking, enterprises are looking for people who have both formal education and some personal development potential, and there is no fixed norm.
4. Age
In most formal undertakings, the "window of opportunity" only exists when a person can invest and break through, so this "window of opportunity" effectively restricts everyone and is closely related to people's age.
In fact, a few people start an important stage of their career after the recognized age, which is called "being a late bloomer". But we can't compare most people's careers with these exceptions.
Time is like money investment, so everyone must ask himself: "How should I invest my time to get the best return?" Everyone should grasp the best age advantage period and expand their career and career.
5. Psychological factors
Psychodynamic theorists in the United States believe that career choice is the result of the combination of personal happiness principle and realistic principle. Under the guidance of personality and impulse, individuals choose careers that can meet their own needs and impulses through sublimation.
The focus of vocational guidance should be on the enhancement of "self-function". Psychological problems have been solved, and daily life problems, including career choice, can be successfully completed without any guidance.
All occupations in society can be classified into the following occupational groups that represent the needs of psychoanalysis: nurturing, operating, feeling, exploring, flowing, restraining, displaying, rhythmic movement and so on.
People's definition of self-ability and personality often determines their own behavior. Behavior is directly related to career and will have a far-reaching impact on personal career.
Second, social factors.
Social factors have a great influence on everyone's career and even development. Through the analysis of social environment, we can understand the development direction of economic and legal construction in China or regions and seek various development opportunities. Social factors affecting occupation include:
1, social class
Human society has a strict hierarchy, as clear as a pyramid. Inequality exists in every society, and the difference lies in the different principles of division, some based on religious beliefs, some based on economic conditions, and some based on educational conditions.
Social inequality will affect a person's career. Social class is a relatively closed form, because people often only like to get together with people from their own class.
Social circles provide opportunities for certain types of people, and "survival opportunities" are mostly determined by social circles. Although social class deeply affects an individual's career, class boundaries are not unbreakable.
It is not only possible to change, but also acceptable. In fact, in order to improve their social status, many people sometimes need to leave the original class and join a new class in the journey of work and life. Education and marriage are very important factors.
At present, the era when enterprises choose employees only by social class is gradually changing. However, social class is still a major constraint on personal influence career.
2. Level of economic development
In areas with a high level of economic development, enterprises are relatively concentrated, there are more excellent enterprises, and there are more opportunities for personal career choice, which is conducive to personal career development. On the contrary, in economically backward areas, there are fewer opportunities for personal career choice and personal career will be limited.
3. Social and cultural environment
Social culture is the basic factor that affects people's behaviors and desires. It mainly includes educational level, educational conditions and social and cultural facilities. In a good social and cultural environment, personal ability is well educated and edified, thus laying a better foundation for the cause.
4. Values
A person living in a social environment is bound to be influenced by social values, and the value orientation of most people is greatly influenced by the value orientation of social subjects.
The process of a person's ideological development and maturity is actually the process of recognizing and accepting the value of social subject. Social values affect personal career choices by influencing personal values.
5. Political system and atmosphere
Politics and economy interact. Politics not only affects the economic system of a country, but also affects the organizational system of enterprises, thus directly affecting the career development of individuals.
The political system and atmosphere will also have a subtle influence on personal pursuit, thus affecting the cause. Analyzing and understanding the social environment factors that affect career will help us to make correct career planning and make individuals realize new career development in the ever-changing social environment.
Third, environmental impact.
Environment has a direct or indirect impact on personal career, affecting people's industries and changing the development track of life. The environment is divided into geographical environment, industrial environment and enterprise internal environment.
1, geographical environment
The influence of geographical factors on career is often underestimated by everyone. People who live in areas that meet environmental needs have more opportunities than those who try to sell their abilities in unfavorable environments.
People living in poor and backward areas can best understand the influence of geography on opportunities, so business people should choose places that can provide the opportunities they are looking for.
2. Industry environment
The industry environment will directly affect the development of enterprises, and then affect the career development of individuals. This is also conducive to individuals choosing promising industries and occupations, and is also conducive to the better realization of personal career goals. The industry environment also includes the following contents:
Current situation of industry development
To analyze the current situation of industry development, we must first understand what industry we are engaged in, what kind of development trend this industry is at present, whether it is a shrinking industry or a sunrise industry.
The impact of major international and domestic events on the industry
The development of the industry is easily influenced by major international and domestic events, which in turn affects whether the industry can provide more career opportunities. For example, the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games provided greater development and more opportunities for the construction, tourism and service industries.
Industry development prospect forecast
The development prospect can be predicted from two aspects: on the one hand, the vitality of the industry itself, whether there is technical and financial support, etc. ; On the other hand, we should also consider and study the national policies on related industries.
3. Enterprise internal environment
The internal environment of an enterprise has a direct impact on an individual's career. Everyone is in the small environment of enterprise, and personal development is closely related to the development of enterprise.
Through the analysis of the enterprise environment, individuals can know the actual development prospect of the enterprise in time, link personal development with enterprise development, and melt into the enterprise. This is beneficial for individuals to make appropriate career plans.
corporate culture
Corporate culture determines how enterprises treat employees, so employees' career is influenced by corporate culture.
An enterprise that advocates employee participation in management can obviously provide more development opportunities for employees than a dictatorial enterprise; It is also difficult for employees who are eager to develop and pursue challenges to be reused in seniority-based enterprises.
Of course, a person's values conflict with corporate culture, and it is difficult to adapt to corporate culture, which also determines that it is difficult for him to develop in the organization. Therefore, corporate culture is an important factor that individuals need to consider when formulating their career.
Enterprise system
The career development of enterprise employees depends on enterprise management system, including reasonable training system, promotion system, performance appraisal system, reward and punishment system and salary system.
Only when enterprise values and business philosophy penetrate into the system can the system be effectively implemented. Without systems or enterprises with unreasonable and imperfect systems, the career development of employees will be difficult to achieve.
The quality and values of leaders
The culture and management style of an enterprise are directly related to the quality and values of enterprise leaders, and the concept of enterprise management is often the values of entrepreneurs. The ambition and ability of the main leaders of enterprises are the decisive factors for the development of enterprises.
Enterprise strength
Is the enterprise very competitive in this industry, or is it in the position of being annexed soon? What are the development prospects? In the exciting market competition, it is not necessarily the biggest and strongest enterprise that can survive, that is, it is not the strong but the fittest.
Only enterprises that adapt to the environment and development trend can survive. Career is closely related to a person's life, and it is a place for life to settle down.
A person's life, career is the main body of life, and it is the most critical and brilliant stage in the journey of life. At this stage, it is mainly influenced by the above three factors, which are interrelated and mutually restricted, and jointly affect people's life.
Extended data:
The key factors of career orientation include personal interest, personality, values, needs and vision.
Among them, professional interest is particularly important. The choice of interest occupation has a great influence.
Liu Xiang loves and likes sports since he was a child. He fell in love with sports at the age of seven. /kloc-started his professional sports career at the age of 0/0. At the age of 65,438+000, he began to practice hurdling, and decided to become the world's top athlete very early.
Liu Xiang said, "Hurdling is my job, and I love it". Dale Hong believes that it is because of his love for his career that he decided his career direction earlier. Through the coach's scientific training and his personal efforts, he has achieved today's success.
2. Commercial value is the support
Commercial value includes ability, academic ability, experience, talent and resources. Yan Ling, an expert on extreme employability, pointed out that if a person wants to obtain the greatest commercial value, he needs to follow three principles, namely, doing what he is best at, doing what he likes best and doing what he thinks is the most valuable.
Gu Baogang, the first coach, commented that he was in good physical condition and had outstanding jumping ability. Teacher Sun Haiping thinks that Liu Xiang is brave, has a good sense of rhythm and is very talented in hurdling.
Liu Xiang has a unique talent in hurdling, and he has a strong desire for self-achievement, so he studies hard and seizes the opportunity. At the age of 65,438+0,996,65,438+0,3, he won the first hurdle championship in memory in Group B of Shanghai Junior Athletics Championships, which opened the door to his dream of becoming a world champion.
3. The occupational environment is the foundation.
Hurdle competition is a sprint with high speed and strong technical requirements for athletes. The core technology is running hurdles. Therefore, it is necessary to scientifically and systematically train athletes' flat running speed and special skills in order to reach a higher level of sports.
1999, with the full support of Sun Haiping, Liu Xiang returned to the second junior middle school to practice hurdling and entered the first team. From then on, he became attached to his master Sun Haiping, and finally created the myths of12s and 9 1.
Yan Ling, a senior career planner in Xiangyang Career, pointed out that after finding your interests and advantages, you usually need to evaluate your career opportunities.
Imagine, Liu Xiang, would Liu Xiang be successful today without the discovery of the first teacher, the guidance of coach Sun Haiping, a good training platform and systematic training, and the accumulation of various competitions?
The purpose of career planning
The most important career planning has two main purposes:
The first purpose is to find a job that suits you. The most important thing to find a job is to match people with posts and suit yourself.
Every job has advantages and disadvantages, and everyone has advantages and disadvantages. Analysis and orientation is the first link of career planning, which determines the direction of personal career and the success or failure of career planning.
Career planning should be carried out before job hunting, and accurate self-positioning should be carried out before career planning.
First of all, we must find out what we want to do, what we can do, and what our interests, talents and knowledge are suitable for. Career orientation, ability orientation and career values can be measured by reliable scale tools, which is the basis of career planning.
Career planning is to understand a person's internal and external advantages and integrate these advantages into the core competitiveness in the workplace according to the indicators of evaluation results, as well as their own education, experience and ability.
Then, according to the 10,000 jobs in Qian Qian, the consultant will analyze and find the matching point of this job, which is the so-called work entry point.
The second purpose is to seek career development through planning, work out the development platforms in each stage in the future, and come up with plans and measures to capture each platform. Then the consultant will give detailed guidance on the market situation, industry prospects, job requirements, entry conditions, training and research, work business, salary promotion, industrial English and other operations.
For example, how long does it take to get on each platform, what knowledge you need to add, what contacts you need to add, and so on. And I rushed along the avenue and became an elite in the industry within a few years, so that my salary and position were sublimated.
Specific practices
1, the specific method of career design
One of the methods often used by many career counseling institutions and psychologists in career counseling and career planning is the thinking mode of five "W". Ask yourself who you are first, and then follow the question. * * * There are five questions:
The first question is "Who am I?" We should have a deep reflection on ourselves, have a clear understanding and list all the advantages and disadvantages.
The second question is "What do I want to do?" It is a psychological investigation of a person's career development. Everyone's interests and goals at different stages are not exactly the same, and sometimes even completely opposite. However, with the growth of age and experience, it gradually settled down and finally locked in its lifelong ideal.
The third question is "What can I do?" It is a comprehensive summary of one's own ability and potential. The most fundamental position of a person's career depends on his ability, and the size of his career development space depends on his potential.
To understand a person's potential, we should start from several aspects, such as interest in things, resilience in doing things, judgment of emergencies, whether the knowledge structure is comprehensive and whether it is updated in time.
The fourth question, "What does the environment support or allow me to do?" This kind of environmental support objectively includes various local conditions such as economic development, talent policy, enterprise system and professional space. Subjective aspects include colleague relationship, leadership attitude and kinship, which should be considered comprehensively.
Sometimes when we choose a career, we often ignore the subjective aspect and fail to mobilize all the factors that are conducive to our own development, thus affecting our career entry point. It is the most normal and easiest to find a job abroad through the introduction of colleagues and acquaintances.
Of course, we should know that this is essentially different from some abnormal "back doors" and other crooked ways. The difference is that the environmental support here is based on one's own ability.
Make clear the first four questions, and you will find the advantages and disadvantages of achieving the relevant career goals from each question, and list the career goals you want to do and those you can do under the most unfavorable conditions. Then the fifth question about "what is your ultimate career goal" naturally has a clear framework.
Finally, list your own career plans, establish personal development planning files, and realize the ideal goal of employment through systematic study and training: what kind of unit to choose, predict your job promotion steps in the unit, and how to go from low to high step by step.
For example, starting from a technician, on this basis, I strive to be familiar with the business field, improve my ability, and finally achieve the ideal career goal of a technical engineer; Predict the change of work scope, requirements of different jobs and corresponding measures.
Predict the possible competition, how to get along with and deal with it, and analyze the reliable ways of self-improvement; If there is deviation in the development process, the job is unsuitable or dismissed, how to change the career direction.
2, according to personal needs and changes in reality, constantly adjust career development goals and plans.
It is often said in the workplace that plans can't keep up with changes. For the problems and environment encountered, it is necessary to adjust in time.
Development plan, unchangeable development plan sometimes exists in name only.
According to the career direction, it is a good wish of every college student to choose a career that is beneficial to them and a unit that can realize their self-worth, but this step should be taken very carefully.
As far as the first job in life is concerned, it is often not only a simple job, but more importantly, it will give you a preliminary understanding of your career and society. In a sense, it is your career initiation teacher.
Finally, remind graduates that the secret of success in life is that when the opportunity comes, you are ready! Opportunities are equal to everyone, so don't say sorry in front of opportunities!
3. After making a series of career development plans, how to implement the plans and finally how to implement them is a problem that every planner must consider and face. A good plan can't be carried out smoothly without detailed rules for its implementation.
The successful rule to deal with the complicated information and changing choices in the workplace is to establish an effective information sorting, analysis and screening system, and then plan your career reasonably according to your own competitiveness.
Only in this way can we achieve the other side of career success with good workplace sensitivity in the process of career development.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-career planning
Baidu Know —— Influencing Factors of Career Planning