1, enlighten the elderly to face life and death diseases optimistically.
Birth, old age, illness and death are a necessary process in life. The older the elderly are, they may have a little fear of illness and medical care for reasons such as taking care of their families. At this time, children should help and enlighten the elderly and let them realize that everything in the world has its ups and downs, and life is no exception. In the face of illness, we should learn to keep a positive attitude and cooperate with lifelong treatment to overcome it, instead of taking a negative approach, resisting medical treatment, deceiving ourselves and others, and treating the illness as nonexistent, so as not to drag a minor illness into a serious one. Usually, we should pay more attention to the elderly, popularize health knowledge to the elderly, and avoid the fear of the elderly because they don't understand, which will affect their mental and physical health.
2. Pay more attention to the elderly in daily life
People are social animals and are afraid of loneliness. Therefore, as children, taking more time to see the elderly at ordinary times or even making more phone calls may reduce their loneliness and thus alleviate their fear of death. In the traditional culture of our Chinese nation, it is said that "parents are here, don't travel far, you must go well." That's one thing. Due to the development of modern times and the change of people's life concept, many young people don't live with their parents. Even if they don't live together, their children should pay more attention to the elderly, take more time to chat and eat with them, and prevent them from falling into depression because of loneliness. Therefore, children separated from the elderly should often visit and greet the elderly, and children living with the elderly should be patient and considerate to the elderly. Letting young grandchildren get along with the elderly can often bring great joy and comfort to the elderly and effectively eliminate their loneliness.
3. Help the elderly integrate into society.
Many old people are likely to have negative psychology of being out of touch with society, useless when they are old and eliminated by society because they have nothing to do after retirement. Due to the reduction of contact with society and work units, social communication and information, and the decline of vision and hearing, the elderly often feel isolated, and then they are indifferent to external changes and people. Faced with this situation, children and young people should communicate more with the elderly and be particularly patient when listening to the elderly. This not only makes the elderly feel respected and helps to eliminate loneliness, but also the experience of the elderly is not absolutely outdated and useless. Listening patiently can often enlighten the younger generation. In addition, it is necessary to provide convenience for the elderly to read newspapers, listen to radio and watch TV, which can effectively reduce their loneliness and help them reintegrate into society.
4. Psychological counseling for the elderly.
There is a saying that people are often more willing to confide in strangers than acquaintances. We are more likely to tell strangers what we can't say, so our children can contact psychologists for the elderly and let them open their hearts and speak freely. According to the physiological characteristics and psychological needs of the elderly, psychological counseling services are carried out to alleviate the psychological "empty nest" of the elderly. Help the elderly untie the knot and live a happy life. At the same time, the elderly should be encouraged to actively participate in social activities, get rid of loneliness and maintain an optimistic and healthy life. The elderly should dare to confide their feelings and some ideas to psychologists, and actively cooperate with doctors to find out the cause, so as to carry out symptomatic treatment.
5. Encourage the elderly to cultivate their hobbies.
Old people are prone to psychological problems, which has a lot to do with their lack of focus in life. Because they have no hobbies, life is not fun, and they are easy to think, which leads to psychological problems. Therefore, children should create conditions for the elderly to be active and happy. At the same time, encourage the elderly to actively participate in appropriate recreational activities, organize and cultivate their hobbies. Such as singing, dancing, playing chess, playing bridge, listening to music, painting, calligraphy, poetry and other artistic hobbies. Playing Tai Ji Chuan, practicing Qigong, gateball games, fitness activities, parties, sightseeing, planting flowers, fishing, knitting and so on. Encourage the elderly to take part in some jobs that they can and make contributions to society. Enhance the intellectual quality of the elderly and encourage them to study hard.
6. Master the skills of communicating with the elderly.
As the main way to communicate with the elderly, conversation is very different from ordinary conversation. In addition to the general requirements and skills, when communicating with the elderly, it is also necessary to understand the social, family and personal situation of the elderly. Direct communication with the elderly is the main way to obtain valuable information, and conversation is the main way of communication. A good conversation depends on whether the two sides can establish a reliable relationship. Although there is a saying of "old children", it is disrespectful for us not to communicate with the elderly as children. To communicate with the elderly, we should put them on an equal footing with ourselves and give them enough respect, which is the basic condition of communication. Communicate with the elderly to show enough respect and patience, sincerely listen to the words of the elderly, so that the elderly have a sense of trust.
Ways to maintain the mental health of the elderly
1, maintain good interpersonal relationships.
The formation of interpersonal relationship includes three psychological factors: cognition, emotion and behavior. Emotional connection is the main feature of interpersonal relationship. In interpersonal relationships, there are both positive and negative relationships, and the coordination of interpersonal relationships has a great influence on people's mental health.
2. Full of security.
A sense of security requires multi-level environmental conditions, such as social environment, natural environment, work environment and family environment. Among them, the family environment has the most important influence on the sense of security. Home is a harbor to avoid the wind and waves, and you will feel safe with home.
3. The goal in life is realistic.
We should make life goals according to our own economic ability, family conditions and corresponding social environment. The formulation of life goals should not only conform to reality, but also leave room for it, and should not exceed the scope of one's own and one's family's economic ability. Laozi, the founder of Taoism, said: "Happiness is greater than worry, and wealth is greater than contentment."
4. Have a certain learning ability.
In modern society, in order to adapt to the new way of life, we must keep learning. For example, if you don't learn computer, you won't feel the fun of surfing the Internet. If you don't learn new health concepts, you will still stay at the level of eating and wearing warm clothes. Learning can exercise the memory and thinking ability of the elderly and help prevent brain dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease.
5. Maintain the integrity and harmony of personality.
Psychological characteristics such as ability, interest, personality and temperament in personality must be harmonious and unified in order to experience happiness and satisfaction in life. For example, a person is very capable, but he is not interested in the work he is engaged in, which is not suitable for his own personality, so he may not be able to experience success and satisfaction. On the contrary, if he is interested in his job, but his ability is poor, he will feel bored.
6. Keep in touch with the external environment.
On the one hand, you can enrich your spiritual life, on the other hand, you can adjust your behavior in time to better adapt to the environment. Keeping in touch with the external environment includes three aspects, namely, contact with nature, society and people. Old people retire at home, have too much free time and often have depression or anxiety. Today's activity centers, cultural activity stations and universities for the elderly provide conditions for the elderly to get in touch with the external environment.
7. Fully understand yourself.
It means being able to objectively analyze your own abilities and make appropriate judgments. Whether you can make an objective and correct judgment about your ability has a great influence on your mood. If you overestimate your ability and try to do things beyond your ability, you often can't get the expected results in your imagination, which will blow your spirit with failure; Low estimation of one's own ability, low self-evaluation and lack of self-confidence often lead to depression.
8. Give full play to your talents and hobbies.
A person's talents and hobbies should be beneficial to himself, his family and society. Otherwise, you have to give full play to your talents and interests at the expense of others or groups, thus causing interpersonal disputes and adding unnecessary troubles.
Factors affecting the mental health of the elderly
1, mental trauma
Some surveys show that mental trauma has an important impact on the quality of life, health level and the curative effect of diseases of the elderly. Some elderly people fall into pain and sadness, which will definitely be harmful to their health over time.
2. Environmental change
The most common is the sudden changes in the surrounding environment and the influence of social and family interpersonal relationships, which often make it difficult for the elderly to adapt, thus accelerating the aging process.
3. Aging and disease
After the age of 60, people's physical strength and memory will gradually decline, thus causing a series of physical and psychological degradation. This normal aging change inevitably makes the elderly feel "at a loss" and brings some physical discomfort and pain. Especially the very old * * * refers to the elderly over 80 years old * * *, even worried that "death is coming", and they seek medical treatment at will. If diseases are added on the basis of aging, some elderly people will have sadness and fear. Of course, old people with different mental states have very different attitudes towards aging and diseases.