1 Characteristics of construction engineering information
A series of activities, such as proposal, investigation, feasibility study, evaluation, decision-making, planning, design, construction and completion acceptance, of construction projects involve scope management, time management, cost management, quality management, procurement management, human resource management, risk management, communication management, comprehensive management, etc. Many participating departments and units have formed a large number of materialized materials-construction engineering information. From the point of view of management and its function, this information can be divided into static information and dynamic information. The so-called static information refers to fruitful and conclusive information, such as concealed engineering acceptance records and material inspection reports, which are more informative and related to whether it can provide sufficient basis for engineering acceptance and future maintenance, renovation and expansion. The so-called dynamic information refers to periodic and mandatory information, such as letters, notices, investments, instantaneous values of progress and quality and their analysis conclusions, which is related to the link between the various stages of project progress, the internal communication, decision-making and coordination of all management parties, and is very important for the success or failure of the project. A large amount of information needs to be managed effectively.
Construction engineering information has the characteristics of general information, and its content composition is also very complicated. The completion of a construction project is often the comprehensive result of multi-departments, multi-disciplines and cross-regions. The second is the extensiveness of information sources. From project proposal, investigation, feasibility study, evaluation, decision-making, planning, design, construction and completion acceptance, involving design, supervision, construction, equipment, materials, operation and other units or departments, in terms of scope management, time management, cost management, quality management, procurement management, human resource management, risk management, communication management and comprehensive management, the third is the information formation stage. It can be roughly divided into five stages: preliminary preparation stage, engineering design stage, engineering construction stage, completion acceptance stage and maintenance stage. The fourth is the continuity of production time. It gradually formed with the progress of the whole project, and continued to the management, use and maintenance stage after the project was completed and accepted. Fifth, the diversity of information types and carriers. In the process of engineering construction, different types of information, such as audio, video, drawings, files, data, etc., may be generated at various stages, such as project proposal, feasibility study, preliminary design, construction drawing design, completion acceptance and operation management. These information exist in the form of paper materials, photos, films and tapes. Sixth, the frequency of information use. The information generated in each stage of the construction project plays a connecting role, and all participants are related to the information generated in various management aspects. Seventh, standardization of information management. It must be carried out on the basis of the current norms, standards and mandatory provisions for the management of construction materials of construction projects, combined with the relevant national and local laws, regulations and administrative rules and the specific requirements of the construction department for engineering technical materials.
2 defects of traditional construction engineering information management
The traditional construction engineering information management is mainly manual operation, which has defects in at least the following three aspects:
(1) information transmission. Because there are many units and departments involved in project management, the traditional ways of information transmission, such as meeting and issuing documents, are inefficient, and it is more difficult to grasp dynamic information in time. It should be said that most of the problems lie in communication first; Generally speaking, the owner is most concerned about the progress, investment, quality and contract of the project. In fact, the most important thing is the communication of information.
(2) Information processing. The schedule, investment, quality, contract and other data of engineering projects are large and constantly changing, so it is difficult to summarize them in time by manual operation and it is difficult for all parties involved to master them. There are a large number of engineering drawings, documents and materials, which are generally kept in paper form. Often with the progress of the project, a large number of valuable materials are lost, and some materials are owned and used by all parties involved. Therefore, all parties involved and future generations have to do a lot of repetitive work, and the waste of resources is very serious.
(3) Information utilization. In the process of construction and management of building projects, a large amount of information will inevitably be generated, and the situation of grouping will inevitably lead to information islands that cannot be shared, and it is inconvenient and inefficient to call for consultation by yourself.
3 main objectives and requirements of integrated management of construction engineering information
As an efficient and practical integrated information management system, it is necessary to adopt professional database technology and network technology to provide a platform for all kinds of information. At the same time, according to the specific requirements and laws of project management, a scientific and standardized construction data system is established to realize the information processing of a large number of tables, data and charts that must be processed in the process of project construction. Specifically, first, the owner responsibility system, the bidding contract system and the construction supervision system have established a project management cooperation model with the owner, supervisor and contractor as the main body and the administrative department supervising. The second is to establish a "hukou book" for construction projects, which should be a true historical record of construction activities and a complete record containing various types and formats of information. The third is to establish a systematic, standardized and scientific information management system to meet the requirements of engineering construction and management procedures, standardization and institutionalization, so that engineering information can truly and completely reflect the real situation of the engineering construction process, thus helping the responsible personnel of relevant units and departments to better understand and master the quality and progress of the project, ensuring the quality control and progress control of the project and improving the management level of the project. Fourthly, a more friendly user interface is designed, which has the functions of high integration, intelligent fault tolerance, intelligent help, automatic import of basic table data, intelligent selection of various tables, etc., making the sorting, summary and inquiry of heavy and messy data simple, easy and orderly. At the same time, by integrating powerful functions such as data collection, statistics, calculation and evaluation, the difficulty of information management is greatly reduced and the work efficiency is significantly improved. It requires centralized distribution of project data, and establishes a central project database and distributed databases of various departments. Fifth, the Internet and mobile storage technology are used to realize online or remote transmission of information. Drawings, documents, data and other documents should be effectively organized through centralized management to achieve full sharing and reuse. At the same time, e-mail addresses are provided for relevant departments and personnel, and effective information communication is provided by information sharing systems such as bulletin board system and conference management system. Sixth, the project organizations formed by the owners, supervision enterprises and contractors are temporary, and the project management mode is uncertain. The project information integrated management system must consider the diversity and variability of this management. In the software architecture design, effective technical means should be adopted to ensure that the system is flexible enough to meet the changing business requirements. Establishing a definable organizational structure and authorization management system is the basis for adapting to different project management implementation modes.
Four main functional features
Composition and main function diagram of integrated management system.
(1) Network software can enjoy information remotely and in real time. At the same time, it can accurately divide (read, modify and delete) and describe (visible and invisible) the usage rights of different users by setting the permissions of each user in project construction and management. Traceability-running logs; Through the scientific data base structure, the collected and processed data information can be stored reasonably and centrally. Establish three measures, such as backup and disaster recovery mechanism, to realize the safety of file management and utilization.
(2) Realize unified and integrated data management. The object of system management is all documents, drawings and related data produced by all parties involved in the process of engineering construction management, and it is compatible with different formats.
(3) Rich form integration, strong data processing ability and high degree of automation. This system integrates nearly a thousand forms, covering all stages of project construction and management. Because of the existence of the basic database, all kinds of basic information can be automatically imported from this database. The system also integrates the functions of automatic data collection, statistics and automatic generation of visual charts necessary for engineering management, which can realize the automatic calculation, judgment and summary of test results such as concrete and mortar, as well as the automatic generation of building settlement curves.
(4) Historical data retrieval function. Events such as design changes and plan adjustments often occur during the progress of the project, and sometimes it is necessary to record the processes before and after these changes. Therefore, data information management indicators are set in the integrated management system to record the historical situation and change trajectory in detail, so as to track and query the history in the future. Therefore, the integrated management system has the ability to review and analyze data according to the project progress.
(5) This system can provide support for the internal correlation (only this relationship exists) of sound, image, graphics, text, data and other information in the system, and provide related query support.
(6) This system provides hierarchical intuitive query function, that is, "information" query intuitive cruise ship (or electronic map). The system can not only classify and query all kinds of data in the form of catalog, but also establish dynamic links between data according to their interrelationships, construct logical structure diagrams (or other diagrams), realize the pairwise association among data, diagrams and texts, and intuitively expand the model in layers when querying. "Navigation" data query, or cross-related query. Or click the relevant point with the mouse, you can quickly consult the relevant data or turn to the relevant drawings and documents.
5 on the construction experience of engineering information integrated management system
The development and application of (1) system should be combined with workflow reengineering, so that the project can be successful.
(2) From the application situation, the functions of the integrated management system of construction engineering information need to be subdivided, strengthened and expanded. Form office system, resource management system, process control system and project management system. Facing the market with modular structure, customized production can be realized to meet the needs of different units and departments at different levels and with different requirements.
(3) At present, the information management level of engineering construction projects in all parts of China is generally low, and the integrity, unity and standardization of static data are questioned. In the annual national engineering quality inspection, many problems are exposed. Dynamic information is not updated in time, and there are obstacles in transmission. Both types of information are difficult to enjoy and query. Using information technology to process, sort out and manage information materials will obviously improve the management level and work efficiency of engineering information materials, and greatly facilitate the relevant responsible subjects and supervision and management departments to manage and supervise the project management decision and quality. Therefore, the development and application of this project will promote the improvement of project management level and engineering quality, which has important practical significance and considerable social and economic benefits.
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