(Nanjing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources)
Geological archives are an important information resource. A large number of examples have proved that the comprehensive application of these geological information resources has played an important role in screening exploration bases, optimizing prospecting targets, comprehensive exploration, and transferring mining rights, thus realizing the transformation of the potential value of geological archives into social and economic benefits.
Keywords secondary development and utilization of geological archives
2 1 century After mankind entered the information age, geological data, as a part of social information, became an important information resource for economic construction. With the continuous development of knowledge economy and market economy reform, the demand for geological data in economic construction is increasing, and the huge economic and social benefits contained in geological data are increasingly recognized by all walks of life. It is the responsibility and mission of geological data workers to tap potential resources, attach importance to the secondary development of geological archives and realize their social value and economic benefits.
In order to further expand the geological market and develop the geological industry, we must make full use of the existing geological science and technology archives. Developing geological archives information resources can speed up geological exploration, shorten exploration cycle and save manpower, material resources and financial resources. The paid service and paid use of the secondary development results of geological data can bring considerable economic benefits. The secondary development of geological data is the second round of systematic comprehensive analysis of existing geological data, that is, under the guidance of new theories and methods, the relationship between original geological data and various observed geological phenomena and geological prospecting is processed and analyzed to obtain new useful geological information and solve geological problems left over from history. Therefore, the secondary development of geological data is the basis of a new round of geological prospecting prediction for known metallogenic areas (belts) or old mines. The secondary development of geological data plays an important role in China's geological prospecting and national economic construction, which not only brings remarkable economic benefits to various departments, but also improves the influence and popularity of geological prospecting units in society.
In recent years, the secondary development of geological data in China is mainly reflected in the following five aspects.
1 Develop and study geological data and select exploration base.
The geological archives in the collection are the results of geological exploration submitted in different periods, and the economic and technical indicators or external geological conditions of some mineral resources in the deposit (point) were not of development and utilization value at that time. However, with the progress of the times, the continuous improvement of human understanding, the renewal and development of prospecting and exploration technology and equipment and analytical and testing means, these mineral resources may have certain economic value under the existing conditions. If these geological data are not developed, they will become "dead data" and lose their use value forever. By developing and studying these data, we can directly screen out exploration bases and deposits. In recent years, the geological department has screened out a number of deposits (spots) that can be directly developed or worthy of further exploration by developing geological data, some of which have produced economic benefits. Such as Jiangsu Zhongxiang iron and copper mine, Jiangsu Dongshan lead-zinc mine, Jiangsu Hengshan copper mine, Jiangxi Jiuhuashan gold and copper mine, Jiangxi leping city Lehua manganese mine, Jiangxi Jingdezhen Zhuangwansha gold mine, etc. Are all the deposits (spots) submitted in the evaluation report in the 1970s and 1980s shelved because of their small scale? In recent years, due to the rise of mining development, through the research and demonstration of geological data, it is considered that they have the value of development and utilization or further work, and now they have been developed or supplemented for exploration. In 2006, the First Investigation Institute of Henan Province dug up a large coal field from the old data through the secondary development of geological archives, and discovered Nanzhao coal field, with an estimated reserve of10.5 million tons. On June 5438+February, 2005, the First Geological Exploration Institute of Shandong Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources discovered two coal mines in Yining, Xinjiang through full exploration of the previous exploration results, and submitted coal resources of 3.975 billion tons. This mode of compiling exploration summary report on a large scale by using predecessors' work results provides experience and precedent for geological prospecting units to carry out this work [1].
2. Comprehensive analysis of geological data to optimize the prospecting target area.
There are a lot of basic data such as geography, material, chemistry and remote location in the collection of geological data. Using new technologies, new methods and new understandings to comprehensively analyze and study these data can often optimize new prospecting targets. In the past, geography, material, culture and remote work in an area were mostly done by different people in different units at different times, and the data were scattered in various units, so there was a lack of comprehensive and systematic analysis and research on the obtained data. Now, these files have been filed and submitted to unified management, which provides geologists with the conditions for systematic analysis and research. In addition, with the application of new technologies such as computer and the guidance of new metallogenic theory, we can find out the internal relations between different anomalies and between anomalies and geological bodies, not only to plan the prospecting prospect, but also to optimize the prospecting target area and target area. For example, there are 4km2 aeromagnetic and geomagnetic anomalies on the west side of Jiangsu Guoli Iron Mine, which was submerged by Weishan Lake in the past, and now the water has withdrawn from the bottom of the lake. According to the analysis of the metallogenic regularity reflected by the exploration and mining data of Guoli Iron Mine, the copper-gold mineralization in the ore belt west of Weishan Lake needs to be strengthened, which is a favorable target area for finding copper-gold deposits in the periphery of iron mine.
No.28 orebody in Anqing Copper Mine was originally a small orebody of single-hole mine, which did not have recoverable value, and its ore quantity was cancelled. On the basis of investigating the changing characteristics of surrounding rock strata and ore types, geological technicians scientifically analyze and use geological archives to infer that No.28 ore body has certain supplementary exploration value. Through the verification of prospecting engineering, the proven reserves of No.28 ore body are 850,000 t, the copper metal content is 1 143t, and the average copper grade is 1.345%. The exploration of No.28 orebody in Anqing Copper Mine is an example for geological technicians to use geological archives to find ore, which is of guiding significance for the mine to make full use of existing geological data, comprehensively analyze and study, explore the edge to eliminate illiteracy and increase the geological reserves of the mine [2].
3 Using new indicators to develop old data, and "retaining ore" is reborn.
Yinshan mining area in Dexing, Jiangxi Province was named after ancient silver mining. It was proved to be a medium-sized lead-zinc deposit in 1950s, and was later built for production. In the early 1960s, lead and zinc resources became more and more important. In order to ensure mine production, Jiangxi Nonferrous Geology Team 1 began to explore in Yinshan mining area and its periphery. On June 1973 and 10, the copper-sulfur ore belt in Area 9 was discovered. After six years of evaluation and exploration, the ore body was delineated by the pit mining index at that time, that is, the cut-off grade of copper was ≥ 0.3% and the industrial grade was ≥0.5%. The calculated amount of B+C+D metal copper is 436000t, B+C+D metal lead+zinc is 1400t, associated gold is 54.5t, and silver is 717.426t ...1983. After review by China Grain Storage Committee in May, it was considered that "this. For such a complex deposit, it is impossible to find out the shape and scale of each ore body in geological exploration and even production exploration and mining. " Therefore, the proven mineral reserves of the copper-sulfur ore belt in the ninth district of Yinshan, Jiangxi Province are "dead mines" that cannot be used for the time being.
In the mid-1980s, with the deepening of geological work, the personnel of Jiangxi No.1 Nonferrous Geology Team once again carefully consulted relevant geological data, comprehensively analyzed and studied, introduced new geological theories, and expanded their prospecting ideas. It is considered that Yinshan and Dexing porphyry copper deposits belong to homologous ectopic "volcano-porphyry series" deposits, and their metallogenic characteristics are basically the same as those of Tongchang and Fujiawu porphyry deposits. Based on this understanding, the open-pit mining indexes of porphyry copper mine are: copper cut-off grade ≥ 0.2%, industrial grade ≥ 0.4%. Re-demarcate the ore bodies, so that the original 175 ore bodies with different sizes are merged and simplified into nine large ore bodies with simple shape, large thickness and integrity. According to this new achievement, Changsha Nonferrous Metallurgy Design and Research Institute, after the technical and economic demonstration of mining, thinks that "the mining method of this deposit is changed from pit mining to open-pit mining, which is economical and feasible." 1May 1988 to1June 1989, the supplementary geological prospecting work of "pit deformation exposure" was carried out, and the medium-sized copper-sulfur deposit was transformed into a large porphyry copper-sulfur gold deposit (copper metal amount is 620,000 t, sulfur 1303 t and gold metal amount is 72t) with only a small amount of physical work. 1990 the open-pit mining project of copper-sulfur-gold mine in the ninth district of Yinshan, Jiangxi Province started, and a large copper concentrator was put into operation, which contributed to alleviating the market demand for copper products in China.
4. Comprehensive search for "poor" ore to "rich" ore by analyzing and testing data.
One of the main characteristics of endogenetic metallic minerals in China is that there are many associated minerals, especially non-ferrous metallic minerals. Due to the limitation of understanding stage and technical conditions of analysis and testing, the research on the material composition of a considerable number of deposits is not sufficient, and the associated and beneficial components cannot be completely identified. The problems left over from history have caused the loss and waste of production mine resources, and also provided a field that needs to be developed urgently for current geological prospecting. Therefore, under the guidance of the new metallogenic theory, we should develop and utilize the previous geological exploration data, adopt the current advanced analysis and testing methods, make full use of the original experimental test files, and check the positive and negative samples, so that "one mine will become more mines," "poor mines" will become "rich mines" and the old mines will be reborn. Tiesha Street in Yiyang County, Jiangxi Province is an old mining area. After the founding of New China, the geological team has conducted copper exploration for three times, and the accumulated proven copper metal amount is less than 60,000 t, which is a small arsenic-rich copper deposit. In the mid-1980s, with the increasing demand for silver in national construction, the geological work of silver mines was strengthened. Jiangxi Nonferrous First Geological Team repeatedly studied the exploration report of Tieshajie copper mine in Yiyang County, and found that the grade of silver in the combined samples of copper bodies was generally high, so it was decided to use its sub-sample system to carry out the investigation and determination of silver. During the period from 1984 to 1987, * * inspected the sub-sample of 1793, invested 23,000 yuan, circled the 12 silver ore body in the copper body, and found a medium-sized silver deposit for development and utilization in China. The Tieshajie copper mine in Yiyang County has become a copper-silver mine, and one mine has become two mines, greatly improving the economic value of the deposit.
5. Supplementing and perfecting geological archives to serve the transfer of mining rights.
In July 2004, Team 4 18 of Hunan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources selected the prospecting results of Jietoulu Iron Mine in Suining County, Hunan Province in the secondary development of geological archives, and publicly auctioned its mining rights in Shaoyang City. After several rounds of fierce bidding by five bidders, it was finally won by Hunan Xiangtan Heli Coking Co., Ltd. for 7.3 million yuan. The iron mine is located in Jietou Road Village, Fengmutuan Township, Suining County, Hunan Province. 1958 was reported by local people during large-scale steelmaking. After exploration by geological teams, it is found that many geological teams have worked here since 1959. 1in March, 1975, Team 4 18 of Hunan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources entered the mining area and made new prospecting achievements on the basis of previous work. 1June, 1976, Team 4 18 submitted the Exploration Report of Jietou Road Iron Mine Area in Suining County, Hunan Province. At that time, the mine was considered as a small-scale deposit with "small thickness, low grade and little reserves, although it has industrial utilization prospects, but it is of little significance". In particular, due to the backwardness of mineral processing technology at that time, the industrial mineral processing problem has not been solved, resulting in the mine has not been developed and utilized. In 2004, in order to develop archives information resources, the team organized a strong professional and technical force, conducted a comprehensive inventory of existing geological archives, and carried out secondary development of geological archives. The geological archives of this iron mine have aroused great concern. It is agreed that with the rapid development of iron and steel industry, especially the improvement of mineral processing technology, this unknown iron ore, which is sealed in the depths of mountains, has great development value under the current economic and technological conditions. In order to transform the resource advantage into economic advantage, make the deposits proved in 27 years benefit mankind and serve the local economic development, the team has done a good job in the preliminary demonstration and technical consultation service of mining right auction. The successful auction of mining rights has not only brought remarkable economic benefits to the local government and land and resources departments, but also improved the influence and popularity of geological prospecting units in society, bringing new vitality to the further marketization of geological prospecting units [3].
In 2004, the third geological brigade of Hebei Geological Exploration Bureau systematically sorted out the preserved geological files and supplemented them in time, providing geological reports for two mining rights transfers, benefiting 5 million [4]. In 2005, Shanxi Team 2 13 concentrated technical surveyors scanned the geological archives accumulated over the years, and according to the urgent need of economic construction for mineral resources, carried out the declaration, maintenance and development of mineral rights, and successfully transferred the mineral rights of Miao 'ao copper-gold exploration project in Xiangfen County. According to the original data, 800,000 yuan was invested to explore the Diao 'ao Fe-Mo deposit in Yicheng, and iron ore with mining value was found, and four price items such as iron ore, bauxite and coal mine survey were declared. Declare two projects: general survey of iron ore and detailed survey of polymetallic ore. Through the secondary development of geological archives, geological exploration was strengthened, and the income was 27.8 million yuan [5].
It can be seen that geological archives play an important role in China's geological prospecting and national economic construction, which can produce great social and economic benefits. Therefore, the secondary development of geological archives can not be ignored.
6 conclusion
Under the condition of socialist market economy, people's demand for geological data is also changing in the face of the information demand brought about by the development of market economy. The secondary development of data is not a simple repetition, but an integration of existing data. When using geological data, it is required not only to provide original data, but also to provide comprehensive data after economic analysis and prediction. The demand of social development provides new opportunities and new vitality for the development of information work. With the continuous development of computer software and hardware technology and the maturity of IT industry, the modern management of geological archives is becoming more and more perfect, and the secondary development and comprehensive research of geological archives is the hot spot of data utilization in the future. We should seize the opportunity, broaden the field of development and utilization, fully tap the potential value of geological archives with the help of new technologies, new methods and new ideas, make good use of existing materials, meet the needs of social and economic construction, and truly give full play to its due social value and economic benefits.
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[1] Gao Mingbo, Yining, Wang Yufeng: 4 billion tons of coal were excavated from the geological archives. Guide to Geological Survey, 2005+02.38+07.
Yuan. Scientific use of geological archives to guide prospecting. "J" Nonferrous Metals (Mining Section) 2004,56 (3): 21~ 22
[3] Liu Guorong. Gymboree was found in the geological archives of Team 4 18 of Hunan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources. China Mining News, August 2004, 14.
[4] Ren Pingjun and Hao Xiaoyu. Two geological archives in Hebei sold for 5 million. Geological Survey Herald, June 25, 2005
[5] Liu Jie. Old data generates new benefits. Guide to Geological Survey, 2005.408+02.24.