Orchids belong to Orchidaceae, second only to Portugal in angiosperms. Orchids have become the most popular ornamental plants in the world because of their beautiful appearance and fragrant smell. Especially in Japan, an orchid exhibition is held every year to show these rare flowers. Almost all orchids are pollinated by insects, which is considered to be the highest type of insect pollination. Of the three petals, 1 has evolved into a lip, which extends horizontally to become a "landing platform" for insects to take off and land. The other two petals and three calyx are spread around as far as possible, so as not to hinder insects from collecting honey. Stamens and pistils grow together to form Gynostemma pentaphyllum.
For some orchids that can't give off fragrance, the structure of their flowers is wonderful. Their flower shapes are very similar to the female insects that pollinate them, and they can release chemicals similar to the female pheromones secreted by female insects, thus inducing many "spoony husbands" to mate with these flowers. When the male found himself cheated, his body was covered with pollen, and when the male flew to another "lover" again, the pollen spread.
Orchids like warm and humid environment, short sunshine time, no soot dust pollution and deep loose fertile slightly acidic soil with good water permeability. Orchids are generally propagated by ramets, but also by grafting.
Orchids grow alone or in racemes at the top of stems, and those with butterfly wings on their shoulders are rare species. Like Phalaenopsis, flowers are as light and elegant as butterflies, lively and lovely. Among many beautiful orchids. Among them, Phalaenopsis won the reputation of "after orchids".
Orchids in China are mainly divided into five categories: Cymbidium hybridum, Cymbidium hybridum, Cymbidium hybridum and Cymbidium hybridum, and there are thousands of horticultural varieties.
Chunlan: Chunlan is also known as grass orchid and mountain orchid. Orchids are widely distributed and rich in resources. The flowering period is from February to March of a year, and the time can last about 1 month. The flowers are rich and pure. Precious varieties include petals of lotus, plum blossom, narcissus and butterfly. In terms of valve modeling, Jiangsu and Zhejiang famous products are the most typical.
Cymbidium hybridum: Cymbidium hybridum has thick and long roots, narrow strips of leaves, rough and hard texture, light green, obvious serrated leaves and obvious midvein. Flowers are fragrant and lasting, including yellow, white, green, reddish and multicolored, mostly colored, but also plain and iris.
Orchids: Also known as Four Seasons Orchids, including Xia Lan and Qiu Lan, bloom in summer. Four seasons orchids are strong and tall, with beautiful green leaves and flowers. They are not afraid of the heat and cold, have strong vitality and are easy to cultivate. Different varieties have different flowering periods, and flowers can be seen from May to1February.
Hanlan: Hanlan is distributed in Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong and Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan in the southwest. The leaves of Hanlan are longer than those of Sijilan, especially the leaf base is thinner, the leaves are elegant and elegant, green and delicate, with large, medium and thin leaves and edging. Rich in design and color, there are yellow, green, purple, deep purple and other colors, generally mottled veins and spots, but also clean and flawless plain flowers. Sepals and petals are narrow and thin, unique, delicate and lovely, with attractive aroma.
Cymbidium hybridum: Cymbidium hybridum, also known as Cymbidium hybridum and Cymbidium hybridum, is native to Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan, Taiwan Province and Hainan. Lannong in southern China, especially in Guangdong and Yunnan, likes to cultivate and watch. Spring sword: Spring sword is often called authentic Chuanlan. Although Yunguichuan has a famous production, Chuanlan is the most precious. The colors are red, yellow, natural, green, purple, black and so on, which are gorgeous and dazzling, graceful in appearance, elegant in charm and pure in fragrance, and are often regarded as the first choice by orchid growers.
Orchid is one of the oldest flowers in China and one of the top ten famous flowers in China. It is a plant with "three beauties" of fragrance, flowers and leaves, and has high ornamental value. Orchids represent nobility and elegance and have been favored by poets and painters since ancient times. They put orchids on pines, bamboos and plums, thinking that "bamboos have knots without flowers, plums have flowers without leaves, pines have leaves without fragrance, and orchids are unique." What I admire most is the virtue of orchids. Orchids used to grow mostly in tropical rainforests and deep mountain canyons, surrounded by vegetation. They are neither rich in peony nor gorgeous in peaches and plums, but they are "not cold, but petty" and "never leave." Therefore, orchids are also called "empty valley beauties", gentlemen, Confucianism, secluded people and so on. General Zhang Xueliang loved orchids and wrote a poem praising: "Fang enjoys a great reputation all over the world, and lives in peace for generations. Ye Li is upright, gorgeous and flashy. Evergreen is cold-resistant and laughs in midsummer. The real gentleman in the flower is elegant. "
Today's China orchid-Guo Langu is called Huilan. Just as Huang Tingjian (1045 ~ 1 105) described orchids in Youfangge: "Those with more flowers and more fragrance are orchids, and those with five or seven flowers and less fragrance are fragrant."
We in China appreciate and cultivate orchids much earlier than in the West. As early as 2400 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius, the cultural master of China, once said, "Orchid is a valley, not for nobody, but for poverty." He also called orchids "the king's fragrance", which has been passed down to this day, enough to prove the status of orchids in China's history and culture.
However, there are different views on the description of Lan in Confucius' time. Some people think that during the Spring and Autumn Period, Wei was in northern Henan (now hua county) and Lu was in Shandong. On the way from northern Henan to Shandong, Confucius could not see lush wild orchids. So when he said Eupatorium adenophorum, he actually meant Eupatorium adenophorum, a compositae herb. However, some people hold another view that Confucius said that orchids were born in valleys, which is a very apt description of the ecological environment of orchids at that time. Moreover, the climate at that time was warmer than today, and bamboo was still growing in Henan, so orchids must be distributed in mountainous areas with bamboo. Therefore, it is not unusual for Confucius to see orchids alone when he was crossing deep mountains and deep valleys. What he said is actually the orchid he said today.