Probably no one can understand the pain of the bankrupt group better than the bank credit manager. The failure of starting a business exists not only in those who started a business in the early days, but also in some battle-hardened veterans. These people are either dragged down by mistakes in decision-making or by a sharp decline in the overall environment. These people don't repay their loans because they failed to start a business. We analyze that they don't repay their loans, accumulate experience, and try not to give loans to those who may fail to start a business in the future.
Below I will talk about two cases that I saw with my own eyes as a credit manager, hoping to give some warnings to people who are starting a business.
A shopping mall in a third-tier city can be empty on holidays, and the traffic police can close the road. It is conceivable how sufficient its cash flow should be. But no one expected that it went bankrupt after ten years of glory because of the break of the capital chain.
As it is a credit customer of our bank, I am also fortunate to know a lot about its ups and downs.
The owner of this shopping plaza also started from scratch. Through a series of efforts, he developed a small shop of tens of square meters into a large shopping mall of thousands of square meters. This shopping mall has even boosted the economic vitality of the surrounding areas, forming a big business circle with this shopping mall as the center and one kilometer away from Fiona Fang.
On holidays, the road in front of this shopping mall is under traffic control, and private cars are not allowed to enter. When the traffic is particularly heavy, buses are not allowed to enter. The six-lane expressway was directly changed into a pedestrian street.
However, such a shopping mall has closed down, and the reason for the closure turned out to be the break of cash flow. There is no way to settle the money charged to the merchants on time. This is a typical case of enterprise closure due to misappropriation of funds. Later, I learned that the owner of the shopping plaza invested in building a beverage factory, specializing in the production of functional drinks. Its drinks are popular in that third-tier city, but it has not been able to rush out of the third-tier city.
Although the profit margin of beverages is high, it is almost a completely competitive market, and it is quite difficult to stand out in a red sea. Seeing that functional drinks can't make money, the boss switched to making tea drinks, but the tea drinks didn't succeed and they made pure water. The production line was changed again and again, which eventually dragged down the shopping plaza.
The success of developing from a small shop to a shopping mall comes from the boss's concentration, and the failure of developing from a shopping mall to a beverage factory comes from the boss's inattention. Cross-industry entrepreneurship is not impossible, but we must separate the main business from the new business to prevent the new business from failing, which will drag down the core business.
International students do have a halo, but this halo may not bring career success. In the face of entrepreneurship, the crisis will not be bypassed just because you are an international student.
One of my loan clients mortgaged the house his parents bought him and borrowed 500,000 yuan from the bank. At that time, when he applied for a loan, he said that he would decorate the mortgaged house, and I believed him. But I didn't expect to be unable to repay the loan in the fifth month.
Later, it was found that he opened a Russian restaurant with loan funds. When he was studying in Russia, he liked the food there very much. He always dreamed of introducing Russian food to China, with the goal of becoming a well-known Russian restaurant chain.
Russian-style restaurants did not appear a few years ago. It can be seen that this international student has a strong spirit of market development. But obviously, his market development ability is not good. He believes that there will be many people with the same taste as himself, and everyone likes to try some exotic foods, so it is no problem to make a profit.
However, the market will not develop according to his vision. No matter how you do the activity, the turnover rate of the restaurant is always not mentioned. On the one hand, the loan should be repaid, on the other hand, the employees should be paid. The monthly income is basically the left pocket and the right pocket.
This foreign student is now working as a clerk in a company and has never dreamed of starting a business again. For him, studying abroad for a few years didn't cost 500 thousand, but he owed nearly 500 thousand in less than half a year, and even his house was almost hopeless. This is not a big blow to him.
Borrowing money to start a business is very risky. If I had known he was going to misappropriate funds, I would never have applied for a loan for him. Paying interest on borrowing money has undoubtedly reduced his profit margin.
Besides, capital is borrowed. In terms of investment, he will be very cautious in the face of investment similar to advertising, and may not have immediate effects, and finally form a vicious circle. If you dare not vote, your performance will be poor. The worse the performance, the more afraid to vote.
As I have worked as a credit manager of a bank, I know that basically all non-performing loans are related to business failures. What I remember vividly are the two cases mentioned above. One is to conduct cross-industry operations, and there is no risk isolation between the main business and the new business, which is eventually dragged down by the new business; The other is that when starting a business, we only rely on enthusiasm, but also use loans and leverage, which increases the probability of failure.
I hope these two cases can bring some warnings to entrepreneurs who read the article.
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Case 1.
1. The borrower of this loan is not qualified for the loan.
2. The guarantor of this loan does not meet the requirements of the Guarantee Law.
3. The enlightenment of this case is that the borrower must be qualified to borrow, and the guarantee unit must also be qualified to guarantee, otherwise, the situation of this case will appear-the loan cannot be recovered.
Case 2
1. For Z Company's fraudulent behavior of intentionally causing repeated mortgage, the bank can treat it as a crime.
2. The lesson we should learn from this case is that the bank should have a detailed understanding of the lender, and at the same time conduct a detailed investigation of the collateral, and obtain all the rights and interests of the collateral before lending, otherwise the situation in this case will occur-the lender will be cheated in the form of multiple rights and interests because of one thing.
Case analysis of bank loan! , online high score! You know!
First, it was approved only on October 2nd, 65438/kloc-0, and even on October 2nd, 65438+65438 made a one-year loan. Hehehehehe, this management is absolutely invincible.
Second: due to the failure to collect accounts, temporarily overdue. You can actually write a description of the situation. It is illegal for a branch to advance this item for the enterprise from its own balance without authorization. The audit is convinced that relevant personnel will.
Third: this question is far-fetched, and the policies of each bank are different. The mortgage rate of general commercial banks does not exceed 70%, and that of shops does not exceed 50%. The mortgage interest rate is a bit high.
Analysis of three cases to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises
Analysis of three cases to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises
The difficulty of bank loans for small and medium-sized enterprises has always been one of the economic problems that the society generally pays attention to. The successful financing case reveals the results of the concerted efforts and good communication between the financing parties, Qi Xin. How do they apply for effective financing in specific economic activities and ensure efficient approval and risk assessment? Let's take a look at the case analysis of financing difficulties for SMEs.
Case 1: Private Financing
Case introduction:
Yu Xin is the owner of a clothing company in Huayang, Chengdu. June 5438+October 2005 10, due to business needs, he merged a small local clothing factory. What should have been happy didn't make Yu Xin happy: the two factories were too far apart, and the sudden increase in personnel brought a lot of trouble to production, sales and personnel. Take finance as an example. You have to go to both sides several times every month to check the accounts carefully.
Liu Shuji inadvertently mentioned to Yu Xin a set of ERP software for enterprise management, which made him very excited. Lao Wang in the office came to see him every day, saying that he wanted to acquire a set of high-performance servers and storage devices. So Yu Xin called and asked, a set of software plus a server costs more than 400 thousand! And the engineer also said that the software may be redeveloped according to the company's situation. In the end, you may not be able to come down without 500 thousand. This time, Yu Xin was puzzled: the last time the company needed a set of molds with a cost of 600,000 yuan, she was not willing to buy it herself. But ERP and server are really necessary, so Yu Xin tried to borrow 6.5438+0 million yuan from the bank to solve the problem of mold and software.
However, Yu Xin's legs ran thinner and thinner, and there was no result. In Huayang, there are thousands of garment enterprises, and the production enterprises with less than 200 people like Yu Xin are not eye-catching, but in the view of banks, such enterprises have not yet entered the field of vision of bank credit departments.
Yu Xin is depressed: short-term borrowing for several months is almost risk-free. Why doesn't the bank handle my business?
In Xin's view, only a few large enterprises are now valued by private enterprises. "The loans of large enterprises are sent by banks. What about small enterprises? I can't ask for it. " He said.
In desperation, Yu Xin had to turn to a local "big boss". Because the other party is his friend for many years and knows more about Yu Xin's business, the other party agrees to help.
However, this loan is by no means a free lunch, and Yu Xin must pay interest of 1.3 cents every month. Twenty days later, Yu Xin successfully purchased the advanced molds in the industry, moved the HP server back to the office, and the ERP management software with a cost of 1.5 million began to run online, which fundamentally solved the problem.
Case study:
(1) background analysis of private capital;
There are tens of thousands of private enterprises in Chengdu, and many enterprises like Yu Xin lack funds. In the past 20 years, it has been difficult for small businesses to obtain loans. Up to now, the situation has hardly improved fundamentally, and private enterprises in Chengdu have experienced an extraordinary development process. In this process, a class emerged who made a living by borrowing from abroad. The groups that lend on the ground in Chengdu have certain capital. Generally, they made a sum of money in business in the early stage, but there are no people who run enterprises at present. These people have some spare money on hand.
In this context, private lenders in Chengdu have also formed a group. Some insiders believe that this market in Chengdu has lasted for five or six years. The bank 1 year loan interest rate is really not high compared with the monthly interest rate of Chengdu private market. But it is not easy for SMEs to get loans at such interest rates. Most enterprises in Chengdu are family businesses, and the property rights of family businesses are not always clear. In addition, their own enterprises have almost no credit history in the bank, and if they want to borrow millions, the bank will hardly agree.
(2) The financing cost analysis of the case. The financing cost of this case is higher in the case of SME financing, and the loan financing interest is 1.3. For such a small enterprise in this case, the funds needed are actually not much, and the financing time is not long. In this case, it is not cost-effective to obtain funds in the form of private loans, but banks have higher borrowing requirements. Moreover, the time for the company to need funds is urgent, so after a series of risk credit evaluations by banks, the company is likely to lose the effectiveness of financing. Therefore, in terms of time efficiency, financing from private capital has solved this problem well. We weigh the advantages and disadvantages of this enterprise. For Chengdu, a place where private capital is abundant and bank financing channels are inconvenient, it is wise for this enterprise to choose private lending to obtain capital, which effectively solves the problem of its urgent need for funds, but it must pay a relatively high capital cost. Therefore, after the appeal analysis, I summarized the corresponding measures taken by local commercial banks to solve the problems arising from private lending.
(3) Corresponding solutions made by banks According to statistics, by the end of 20 10, the loan amount of local commercial banks in Chengdu to small and medium-sized enterprises reached 1 10 billion yuan, an increase of 16% over the previous year. Among them, the balance of small business loans was14.204 billion yuan, an increase of 5.669 billion yuan or 7654.38+0.7% over the previous year. Relevant persons of ICBC told this reporter that according to the bank's plan, the loan amount of SMEs will account for more than 50% of all loans in the next three years.
According to this strategy, commercial banks have formulated the "3 125" plan for SME financing business. In three years, ICBC's SME financing customers have increased from more than 50,000 to 654.38+households, and the loan balance has increased from 1 trillion yuan to 2 trillion yuan, accounting for more than 50% of the bank's loans.
Many commercial banks have always emphasized the development of financial services for small and medium-sized enterprises by relying on "three key points". Namely: focus on the development of mortgage loans for factories, shops and office buildings in economic development zones or science and technology parks and business districts where small and medium-sized enterprises are concentrated; Grasp the upstream and downstream industrial chains of large enterprises, focus on developing financing for small and medium-sized enterprises with debts such as commodities and trade based on corporate cash flow and logistics; Focus on the development of financing and wealth management services for small and medium-sized enterprises based on industrial clusters and commodity credit in large-scale commodity distribution trade zones.
(4) Case Evaluation This case is a typical case of private financing. From this case, we can easily find that private financing is very active in a considerable part of China. However, there are also many problems. In view of its existing problems, private capital can be solved through its own adjustment or cooperation with commercial banks. However, here, we can draw a conclusion that we should make full use of the vast private idle capital in China to solve the financing problem of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Case 2: Financing from Government and Venture Capital
Case introduction:
During the "Eleventh" holiday in 2003, Yuan, the general manager of Green Singularity Company, did not travel with his family like many people. He is busy preparing some important materials and applying to the Ministry of Science and Technology for small and medium-sized high-tech innovation funds. In some hot money or foreign venture capitalists, this kind of government special fund is privately called "Mao Mao Rain", but for small and medium-sized high-tech enterprises like Green Singularity Company, it often becomes "timely rain".
Beijing Green Singularity Technology Development Co., Ltd. has been supported by various financial and capital means at every different development stage since its establishment in 200 1. It can be said that it is a great achievement of innovative means in the capital market. Judging from the development of green singular enterprises, a green revolution concerning ecology and human destiny is unfolding. It can be seen from the way of capital acquisition of Green Singularity that this is a gradual process of capital.
The first stage: the achievement of R&D comes from electronic companies. As a scientific and technological achievement, the forestry water-retaining agent "Gan Lu Plant Treasure" was born in 200 1. This pre-research and development fund comes from an electronics subsidiary. In 2000, Yuan persuaded the person in charge of the electronics company to get 600,000 yuan to start research and development. A year later, this multifunctional forestry water-retaining agent product was successfully developed, which has the functions of water-retaining and rooting, drought resistance and water saving, soil improvement, nutrient slow release, pollution-free degradation and so on.
The second stage: the professional incubator of venture capital, after successfully developing the scientific and technological achievements of "planting treasures in drought", aims to promote the application of green exotic scientific and technological products in the vast afforestation field more quickly. In 200 1 year, Yuan found a number of shareholders in the field of biology, such as Hai Yin Branch Biology Professional Incubator, Blue Singularity Company, Xingtong Company, etc., with an investment of10 million yuan (accounting for 60% of the shares). Professional incubators can provide technical platforms and other professional support for enterprises in this professional and technical field. Especially in terms of entering the market and letting products occupy the market as soon as possible, the professional incubator of Hai Yin Branch makes Green Singularity grow rapidly. "The sales in 2002 was more than 2 million yuan," Yuan said.
The third stage: With the promotion of market work, the funds of enterprise groups and national innovation funds, like many enterprises that promote new technology products in economically underdeveloped potential markets, have indeed encountered financial problems in the promotion and application of Green Singularity Company's "Gan Lu Seed Treasure" in poor and remote areas in northwest China. Although with the continuous deterioration of China's ecological environment, the state has attached great importance to it, and has successively introduced a series of corresponding policies that are conducive to the popularization and application of "planting treasures in Gan Lu". However, it is impossible to completely solve the problem of water-retaining agent products in northwest China in a short period of time, and the development of potential markets still needs a lot of money.
However, the market prospect of "planting treasure in drought" forestry water-retaining agent is extremely optimistic. BVCC once made a financial forecast: if the company sells 300 tons of products according to the market forecast in 2003, it is expected to realize sales income of 9 million yuan, profit of about 2.003 million yuan, return on investment of about 32% and earnings per share of 0.50 yuan. By 2005, if the planned production and sales volume reaches 1.500 tons, the sales income will be 43.5 million yuan, the estimated profit will be around 1.676 million yuan, the return on investment will be around 2 1%, and the earnings per share will reach 0.56 yuan. Judging from the forecast results of investment return, the return rate of this project is relatively high.
It was this forecast that prompted Guang Cai Enterprise Group, a large domestic investment group, to invest100000 yuan in the project in 2003. However, it was not until the press release that the investment of this enterprise was delayed. But at the same time, Yuan Zheng, the general manager, is busy applying for the support of the National Innovation Project Fund for Green Singularity. Some insiders believe that if the investment scale is too large, it may be at a relatively unfavorable position for the fund recipients. Although this reason has not been confirmed, it is obvious that it is the most important thing for Yuan to get available funds as soon as possible and develop the product market smoothly and quickly, regardless of the size of the funds. Once the market cash flow reaches a certain order of magnitude, it will initially show the high growth of enterprises and projects, which is undoubtedly more conducive to SMEs to obtain further and large-scale financing or investment opportunities.
The scientific and technological innovation fund selected by Yuan this time belongs to government funds, state grants or investments, and is in an extremely important position among the sources of funds for small and medium-sized high-tech enterprises.
Case study:
(1) Analysis of the effect of venture capital in the first and second stages It is worth noting that in the first stage, especially one or two years after 1999, the amount of capital invested in new projects or start-ups declined seriously, and venture capital invested in them was even rarer. Although there is still some private capital investment in the market, there are still few new high-tech companies. The most serious problem is that new products and projects lack initial capital to start research and development. Venture capital companies are only interested in short-term investment in 5 ~ 7 years, but are unwilling to make long-term investment in original capital. Some professionals even call the fault zone between the support of science and technology institutions and the investment of investment institutions in this country "the Valley of Death". In other words, products, projects or enterprises that cannot cross this fault zone are generally "dead before entering the door". The reason why high-tech entrepreneurs who get investment get what they want is not completely convincing in product description, processing flow and market positioning, and more because some investors are uncertain about the contingency of investment. So in this sense, it is extremely lucky to get 600,000 yuan RD investment from Green Singularity.
Some similar investments are also classified as "angel investments" if the amount is large or has an impact on the development of the project.
In the second stage, business incubators in China generally appear in the form of innovation centers. China established the first incubator in 1987, but at present there are more than 400 incubators of a certain scale.
The services provided by incubators can be said to be meticulous, covering almost all the needs of an enterprise from start-up to operation. Entrepreneurship centers generally have their own incubation hardware: venues or workshops ranging from several hundred square meters to tens of thousands of square meters, which are used by enterprises for office, scientific research and production. In terms of software services, it can help enterprises to complete a series of troublesome procedures such as registration, financial agency, project evaluation, annual review, policy consultation, investment consultation, achievement appraisal, professional title evaluation, file management, domestic and foreign talent training, torch plan project declaration, and new technology enterprise declaration.
As early as the end of 1950s, someone borrowed the concept of "incubator" to describe this system vividly: an integrated system supporting small start-ups with high-tech and high-growth characteristics. In other words, with the help of this system, new enterprises can successfully survive all kinds of risks and difficulties in the early stage of starting a business and achieve strong competition with other competitors. The services provided by this system include financial support, software and hardware services, and finally the enterprise successfully graduated from the incubator.
It is understood that after the successful "graduation" from the incubator, enterprises will generally enter the next stage of capital capital corresponding to their growth scale: obtaining large-scale group investment (equity sale or acquisition), or continuing to obtain a certain scale of state financial support.
The data of the third stage shows that the Ministry of Science and Technology has invested in the establishment of technology innovation fund, technology development and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements for small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises, and supported scientific and technological enterprises by means of discount loans, free assistance and capital investment. The Technology Innovation Fund for Small and Medium-sized Sci-tech Enterprises, jointly organized and implemented by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance, was officially launched in June 1999. In the same period, all kinds of innovation funds were set up all over the country, with a scale of about 400 million yuan, 800 million yuan for science and technology development and 654.38 billion yuan for industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, totaling more than 2 billion yuan. The first phase of the National Technology Innovation Fund for Science and Technology Enterprises is 65,438 billion yuan, which has been basically arranged at present, and is mainly used to support small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises. This 65.438+00 billion yuan fund * * * supported more than 1200 projects, with an average support intensity of 750,000 yuan per project. Its support targets are high-tech products with independent intellectual property rights, high technology content and good market prospects, transformation of scientific and technological achievements, joint projects in Industry-University-Research, etc. Of the 1089 projects supported by the 1999 Innovation Fund, 2 1% is the industrialization of the achievements of the national key scientific and technological research plan and the 863 plan, 26% is the technology jointly developed by Industry-University-Research, and nearly 1/3 of the enterprises undertaking the project are the start-ups less than 18 months. At the same time, the Innovation Fund has signed cooperation agreements with four state-owned commercial banks, including China Industrial and Commercial Bank, China Bank, China Construction Bank and Agricultural Bank, to give priority support to the loan discount projects listed in the Innovation Fund.
From the initial capital to the incubation service of venture capital (VC), to the technological innovation fund of state-level scientific and technological enterprises, and the group (industry) investment or financing of small and medium-sized enterprises in the open market in the future, the green singularity has experienced and will experience several stages of investment; When "appropriate capital model" meets "reliable scientific and technological products", they will undoubtedly collide with the brilliant nebula of industrialization expected by new economic groups!
Case 3: Low-cost acquisition of loss-making enterprises to mortgage loans to banks
Case introduction:
After working as a foreign trade garment for several years and accumulating certain business channels, Dodd intends to open a shoe factory by himself. He calculated carefully that a medium-sized factory with an annual output of 500,000 pairs of leather shoes needs 6,543,800 yuan of equipment and working capital, plus a workshop of not less than 200 square meters. Through friends, Du found a heavily indebted box factory in a suburban town and took over the factory by "zero transfer", that is, the town transferred all the movable and immovable property of the factory and the debts of the factory to Du. The problem of the factory building has been solved, but where does the investment of 6.5438+0 million yuan come from? Just as Du was in a hurry, one of his friends woke up with a word: the workshop of the crate factory is ready-made collateral. In this way, Du solved the problem of capital and factory without spending a penny. Of course, he also took on heavy debts, which will be repaid slowly through his future entrepreneurship. In fact, many people have made a fortune in this way. Of course, this method of seeking capital is risky, and the cost of obtaining venture capital is a lot of debt, but entrepreneurship is inherently a coexistence of risks and opportunities. If you have enough courage, this method of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises will help you succeed in a shorter time.
Case study:
(1) Financing Efficiency I think this forward financing method is very efficient. In the early stage of enterprise growth, when capital is badly needed, financing in this way can get quick and good results, but the risk is also great. Based on this financing method, the following analysis is made:
1. Analysis of the borrower's repayment ability: The borrower's loan in a commercial bank is an enterprise loan, and the interest is repaid quarterly. If only the personal income of the borrower is calculated, but the repayment conditions cannot be met, but the collateral is added, then the monthly disposable income can bear the monthly contribution expenses. Therefore, the borrower's enterprise should issue an effective resolution of the shareholders' meeting and agree to give priority to repaying the loan principal and interest and related expenses with the company's operating income and profits, so as to ensure the borrower's repayment ability. From this analysis, the borrower still has a certain repayment ability.
2. According to the information reported by the reporting bank, the collateral is the land for low-value equipment purchased by the borrower, but the value of the collateral is overvalued. According to supplementary information, the local municipal government has not implemented the policy of reclaiming the land that has been idle for two years. So far, there is no case of taking back idle land in the local area, because the local people generally plant saplings on the ground as non-idle land. It is not enough for this loan to provide full mortgage guarantee.
3. The operating characteristics of the company are different in the same industry, which will bring it a certain competitive advantage.
Our company is mainly engaged in foreign trade. The borrower's enterprise will continue its previous foreign trade main business, on the one hand, it will ensure the existing business scale and benefits based on foreign trade clothing and textile business, on the other hand, it will develop the leather shoes industry, which will make the borrower's enterprise form a certain competitive advantage. It can be expected that the company's production and sales of clothing will bring competitive advantages in the same industry, thus promoting the further growth of business scale and efficiency.
3. The borrower's enterprise has strong actual solvency, and its situation is suitable for its production characteristics and operating conditions. The borrower and its guarantor have good first repayment ability.
4. Collateral is a part of the existing factory land, which is not idle, with sufficient mortgage value and clear property rights. In addition, the joint liability guarantee of the user enterprise, shareholders and spouses is beneficial to the risk constraint of the bank, and the second repayment source can be implemented. In fact, the industrial zone where the company is located has become the key development planning area of the local municipal government, with great potential for land appreciation. In the past two years, the average transfer price has increased by more than 30%.
(2) Case evaluation Generally speaking, we think that it is necessary to provide guarantees or mortgages to banks, but sometimes this is not the case. Now, in order to expand the credit business, banks are actively looking for guarantors and providing unsecured loans to those who are interested in starting a business, taking full account of the practical difficulties of entrepreneurs in finding guarantees. For example, the entrepreneurial franchise loan established by Shanghai Pudong Development Bank; China Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Shanghai Branch also launched a personal business loan, and invited Kodak Company as a guarantor to provide credit funds for the owners who applied to open Kodak Fast Color Printing Shop. This kind of credit business has many types and simple procedures, but it is generally time-sensitive, and different banks can provide different loan quotas. If you want to borrow money from banks, you can consult the major banks in advance.
Many people have made a fortune in this way. Of course, this method of seeking capital is risky, and the cost of obtaining venture capital is a lot of debt. However, entrepreneurship is essentially a combination of risks and opportunities. If you have enough courage, then this financing method will help you succeed faster in a shorter time.
By obtaining loans in this way, many people took the opportunity to make money from the country in the 1990s when the country's economy was prosperous and in transition. They first discuss the purchase with the owners of small and medium-sized enterprises on the verge of bankruptcy, and at the same time prepare to apply for a loan from the bank for this enterprise, and then use the loan obtained from the bank to pay for the purchase of this enterprise. Of course, the loan obtained far exceeded the cost of buying this enterprise. After several years of operation, they filed for bankruptcy. By bribing asset appraisal companies to overpriced valuations, only some dilapidated factories and machines are left to banks.
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Case analysis of commercial bank loan
1: No fixed assets. The debt is too high, the assets are insolvent and the guarantor's repayment ability is insufficient. Won't give him a loan
Although Wang has no house, his income is relatively stable. Although his debt is quite high, the guarantor has enough repayment ability to borrow money.
The case analysis of bank loans and the introduction of bank loan rankings are completed. I wonder if you found the information you need from it?