When analyzing problems, in the process of decomposing the whole layer into elements, we should follow the basic law of "mutual independence and complete exhaustion" to ensure that there is no overlap and omission between the elements of each layer. MECE rule is the basic skill of structured thinking. When training MECE rules, we should pay attention to three mental methods: keep in mind the purpose of decomposition, avoid hierarchical confusion, and learn from mature models.
Two, five force model
In the business world, any company is influenced by five competitive forces at the same time. In addition to obvious direct competitors, the other four are: downstream customers and upstream suppliers, dominant potential new companies and hidden substitute products. A careful analysis of the strength of these forces will help the company to formulate corresponding competitive strategies and gain a favorable market position.
Third, Boston matrix.
Bruce, the founder of Boston Consulting Group, drew a two-dimensional four-quadrant matrix with relative market share as the horizontal axis and market growth rate as the vertical axis, and divided the company's business portfolio into cash cow business, star business, problem business and thin dog business. Dividing business in this way can not only see the relationship between business and cash flow clearly, but also adopt development strategy, maintenance strategy, harvest strategy and abandonment strategy to seek the best business combination and development trend in the dynamic.
Four. SCQA architecture
This is a structured expression tool, which uses standard form (SCA), straight to the point (ASC), prominent worry form (CSA) and prominent confidence form (QSCA) to improve the expression structure and highlight the key points.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) general electric matrix
Ge matrix is a strategic analysis tool similar to Boston matrix, but it has two major changes: first, it uses "competitive strength" instead of "relative market share" as the horizontal axis, and "industry attraction" instead of "market growth rate" as the vertical axis; Secondly, the four-quadrant matrix is expanded into nine squares. The matrix can be used to analyze more complex environment and make dynamic business combination decisions, such as making strategy, maintaining strategy or abandoning strategy.
Six, normal distribution and power law distribution
Normal distribution refers to the "bell-shaped" distribution in the business world. Due to marginal delivery time and other factors, most enterprises tend to be in the middle. Power law distribution refers to a "knife-shaped" distribution in the business world. The stronger the strong, the weaker the weak, and most enterprises go to extremes because of network effects and other factors.
Seven. Pest model
To analyze the strategy of an enterprise, sometimes it is not enough to look at external competition and internal capabilities only from a micro perspective, but also from a macro perspective. PEST model is to stand up and look down at the macro, and then look down at the micro from four angles: politics/law, economy, social culture and technology.
Eight. Balanced Score Card
Balanced scorecard is a set of strategic tools, which is used to set indicators and balance management in four dimensions: finance, customers, process, innovation and learning. Balance external and internal with "* * *" index, balance process and result with "cause and effect" index, and balance short-term and long-term with "near and far" index to help CEO become a real thinker and executor.
Nine, SWOT analysis
SWOT analysis is an analytical tool. Through the analysis of internal strengths and weaknesses, external opportunities and threats, four scenarios and four corresponding strategies are generated. These scenarios and strategies are: under the leverage effect of "advantage+opportunity", adopt growth strategy; In the suppression scene of "disadvantage+opportunity", take a reversal strategy; In the fragile scene of "advantage+threat", adopt defensive strategy; In the problem scenario of "disadvantage+threat", we should adopt diversified strategies.
X. Canvas of business model
Alexander David Ousted, the author of "New Generation Business Model", put forward a set of tools called "Business Model Canvas", including four perspectives: who will provide, what to provide, how to provide and how to make money; Nine modules: customer segmentation, value proposition, channel access, customer relationship, income source, core resources, key business, important partners and cost structure.