Small and medium-sized enterprises have different understandings of informatization, and enterprises have many and many requirements for informatization. In order to understand the current situation and demand of domestic small and medium-sized enterprises, the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Department of the National Development and Reform Commission organized a computer weekly, China Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Magazine and China Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Information Network to jointly conduct a survey on the current situation of small and medium-sized enterprises.
First of all, small and medium-sized enterprises recognize the role of informatization.
1, understood in place
The survey results show that 60.8% of small and medium-sized enterprises have set up full-time information construction and operation departments, which shows that information construction has been promoted to an important height in enterprises. Moreover, 365,438+0% of enterprises are in charge of informatization by chief information officers or deputy general managers, and 39% of small and medium-sized enterprises have set up department managers of informatization departments to fully manage enterprise informatization. It can be seen that small and medium-sized enterprises have fully realized the important role of informatization in the development of an enterprise.
32.5% of SMEs are satisfied with the results of informatization, 12% of SMEs are dissatisfied with the results of informatization, and 5.5% of SMEs are dissatisfied with the results of informatization, but basically recognize that informatization is beneficial to the development of enterprises. Only two. 8% of enterprises think that informatization has no obvious application effect.
The effect brought by informatization has been recognized by small and medium-sized enterprises: 34.6% of small and medium-sized enterprises think that informatization reduces the logistics distribution cost of enterprises, 37. 1% thinks that informatization reduces the occupancy rate of inventory funds, 46.9% thinks that informatization improves the commodity circulation efficiency of enterprises, 62.5% thinks that informatization reduces the labor cost and 49.5% thinks that informatization reduces the decision-making cost.
2. Lack of talents
The survey results show that 80.9% of small and medium-sized enterprises are equipped with less than 5 IT technicians, and their technical strength is relatively weak. The number of IT technicians can reflect the informatization level of enterprises to a certain extent, and the lack of technical force may become a bottleneck restricting the informatization construction of small and medium-sized enterprises. The higher the degree of enterprise informatization, the more employees skilled in using computers are needed. Only 38. 1% employees can skillfully use computers, and half of them stay at the level of general computer application.
Two, the construction of small and medium-sized enterprises has formed a certain scale.
1, hardware equipment
The survey shows that almost all small and medium-sized enterprises are equipped with computers, of which 47.9% have more than 10 computers, and 6.2% even have more than 100 computers. 18.7% of SMEs have more than five notebooks, 710.9% have dedicated servers, and 210.5% have more than three servers. It can be seen that the informatization construction of small and medium-sized enterprises has formed a certain scale.
2. Network equipment
The survey results show that all enterprises surveyed have at least one network device. 26.2% of enterprises have more than 5 network devices. All enterprises surveyed have at least one professional storage device. 2 1.2% enterprises have more than 5 storage devices.
Due to the continuous improvement of the overall informatization level of small and medium-sized enterprises, the equipment rate of printer products in the interviewed enterprises is very high. 9 1.6% of SMEs are equipped with printers, and even 57% of enterprises are equipped with more than three printers.
3. Network platform construction
The construction of enterprise intranet provides a basic network for realizing the sharing of enterprise information resources. Although the degree of informatization construction of each enterprise is different, most enterprises have built internal networks with different degrees of perfection by using existing IT resources. Among the enterprises surveyed, only 17.3% did not build a local area network, which is still in the stage of stand-alone operation. Most enterprises have realized the value of LAN and established their own LAN. Among the enterprises surveyed, 82.7% have local area network, and 50.6% have covered all departments of the whole unit.
4. Backbone network bandwidth
The Internet demand of enterprises is rising rapidly, and most enterprises connect to the Internet through broadband backbone. 12.7% of the surveyed enterprises access the Internet through broadband above 100M, 48.3% through broadband below 100M and above 100 m, and only 39% through broadband below 100 m ... For enterprises with more Internet needs, Therefore, strengthening access services is still of great significance for enterprise information construction.
5. Networking rate
To fully implement informatization, computers in enterprises need to be closely linked, that is, to fully realize interconnection. The higher the computer networking rate of enterprises, the wider the coverage of enterprise informatization and the higher the employee participation. The survey results show that the computer networking rate of 34.8% SMEs is above 90%, and that of 42.5% enterprises is below 70%. The overall level of computer networking in small and medium-sized enterprises is relatively high, but it needs to be strengthened to fully implement informatization within enterprises.
Among the enterprises surveyed, only 23.9% do not have their own independent websites, and 5 1.4% have established websites with independent top-level domains. In addition, 24.7% of enterprises indicated that they are building or will build independent websites to fully realize enterprises' online access.
6. Electronic commerce
40% of small and medium-sized enterprises have developed e-commerce applications, and nearly half of them have not yet developed e-commerce applications.
The influence of the development of e-commerce on the change of relative competitiveness of large enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises should be analyzed from two levels: B2C and B2B.
It should be noted that small and medium-sized enterprises can't build their own e-commerce system with the system architecture of CUHK, but should have their own set of construction principles, otherwise they will easily encounter problems such as insufficient talents, incompatible systems, high import funds and unsuitable organizations.
Third, the three major obstacles to the informatization construction of small and medium-sized enterprises
Lack of technical talents, lack of funds and irregular internal business processes are three major obstacles to the informatization construction of small and medium-sized enterprises. Thankfully, the importance of SME leadership in China is basically the same, and less than 15% of the respondents think that enterprise leadership is the resistance to informatization construction.
Small and medium-sized enterprises are widely distributed in the industry, and their salary level is slightly less competitive, which is a great challenge to attract talents who know both industry and technology and maintain the stability of the talent team. At the same time, informatization makes marketing, procurement and other management links more transparent, which will inevitably touch the economic interests of some vested interests and reduce their enthusiasm for combing business processes by means of informatization.
Four. Information input of small and medium-sized enterprises
1, continuous investment in informatization
The informatization construction of enterprises, from the procurement of desktop computers, notebook computers, servers and other hardware equipment, to the construction of networks and the introduction of large-scale management software, is inseparable from capital investment, especially the management and maintenance of information systems, which requires stable capital investment, otherwise the informatization construction level of enterprises can only stagnate or even retrogress. The statistical results show that 35.9% of enterprises have no steady and continuous investment in informatization.
2. The ratio of information input to sales revenue in recent two years.
The investment in informatization of small and medium-sized enterprises has increased year by year. Judging from the proportion of informatization investment in annual sales revenue in 2003 and 2004, the average proportion showed an upward trend. In 2003, the average proportion was 1. 16%, and in 2004 it was 1.35%, an increase of 16.4% compared with 2003. Compared with foreign small and medium-sized enterprises, the proportion of informatization investment in sales revenue is usually between 2% and 3%, and the informatization investment of small and medium-sized enterprises in China is very different. This shows that there is still a large room for growth in the informatization investment of SMEs in China.
3. Information input structure
Judging from the investment structure of informatization of small and medium-sized enterprises, the results of this survey do not support the conclusion that "small and medium-sized enterprises generally attach importance to hard and ignore soft in informatization construction". The average proportion of investment in hardware, software and services of SMEs is 49.7%, 30.2% and 25.5% respectively. This investment structure ratio shows that the information investment of SMEs is becoming more and more mature and reasonable. The informatization construction of small and medium-sized enterprises in China has passed the primary stage of large-scale hardware investment, and the future hardware investment will develop in the direction of upgrading.
Five, the development trend of information construction of small and medium-sized enterprises
1, software system requirements
In 2006, financial management system and information security will be two hot spots in the informatization construction of small and medium-sized enterprises. The construction and improvement of financial management system and its interconnection with other systems have become the focus of 44.6% enterprises, and information security is also the focus of nearly 40% enterprises. In addition, about 30% of enterprises will plan to build customer relationship management system, human resource management system, e-commerce system and so on.
2. Hardware product requirements
In 2006, the enthusiasm of small and medium-sized enterprises to buy IT hardware was very high. 64.2% enterprises intend to buy desktop computers, and more than 40% enterprises intend to buy printers, notebook computers, PC servers and network products; The emphasis on information security has driven the demand for security products, and 35.8% of enterprises plan to buy security products.
3. Information service demand
The information service needs of small and medium-sized enterprises are mainly concentrated in the guidance, consultation and lectures of new technologies, with the demand ratio as high as 63.3% and 57.3% respectively, and the demand ratio for information construction evaluation and project supervision is also above 20%.
4. Factors of purchasing IT products.
Judging from the mention rate of major brands of desktop PC, domestic brands with high cost performance are very popular among SMEs. The survey results show that Lenovo is far ahead, followed by Founder, and compatible computers rank third. The reference rate of foreign crystal brands Dell, Hewlett-Packard and IBM is obviously low.
In the field of PCJ servers, brand concentration is lower than that in the field of desktop computers. IBM is not much different from Lenovo. Both * * * occupy half the sky of PC servers for SMEs: Dell has the third mentioned rate and HP has the fourth mentioned rate, and the mentioned rate of both is close to 30%. In the field of printers, HP, Lenovo and Epson are the three major brands of printers for small and medium-sized enterprises, with the reference rates of 28.5%, 17.7% and 14.9% respectively. Regardless of the size of the enterprise, the Internet is the most important channel for users to obtain relevant information.
Small and medium-sized enterprises are more cautious when purchasing products. Before making a decision, 59.2% of enterprises will inquire about relevant information from the Internet, shop around and try to find the best choice, and 44.7% of enterprises will go directly to the market for comparison. Of course, the promotion role of manufacturers or distributors can not be ignored, which can affect 44.9% of enterprises to buy IT products.
The statistical results show that small and medium-sized enterprises are less sensitive to price, and "performance ratio" has become the most concerned factor in procurement. In addition, the application of case reference, technical trend analysis and manufacturer/distributor information has an impact on the procurement process of 30% enterprises.