Guangzhou Peugeot
1985, as the earliest joint venture brand in China, Guangzhou Peugeot Automobile Co., Ltd., jointly funded by Guangzhou Yangcheng Automobile Factory and French Peugeot Automobile, was formally established in Guangzhou. It is the second joint venture automobile company in China after Shanghai Volkswagen. However, at that time, the proposal of the state for this joint venture project was to use the existing foundation of Guangzhou Yangcheng Automobile Factory to jointly produce light trucks with Peugeot. Therefore, Guangzhou Peugeot was not qualified to produce cars at first, so the first car of this joint venture brand was Peugeot 504 pickup truck. Because it was not localized, it was shipped to China by importing all parts and then assembling them.
After a series of operations, Guangzhou Peugeot finally obtained the qualification to produce a certain proportion of cars, so in 1986, Guangzhou Peugeot introduced Peugeot 505? SW8' s 8-seat travel version car was replaced by the then national "Public Prosecution Law". In addition, this car is imported and assembled in China, which has great advantages over other domestic models in performance, so it has achieved gratifying sales results.
1989, Guangzhou Peugeot introduced Peugeot 505? SX model, with 2.0L in-line four-cylinder engine in the front center, rear-wheel drive, perfect front/rear counterweight and luxurious interior, pushed the glory of GAC Peugeot to the peak as soon as it came out. There is even a car owner driving 9 1 505. He said there was nothing to say about the corner and engine of this car. After reading the "initial d", I really want to drift with 505.
Does anyone want to ask, "Why did the car companies that were better than Volkswagen finally disappear?" It is understood that because China's automobile industry issued the policy of "40% localization rate of complete vehicles" in 1994, all the cars produced by Guangzhou Peugeot were imported in batches and assembled in China, and there was no real localization at all.
Later, although the French didn't want to give up the China market and introduce the more advanced Peugeot 405, Guangzhou Peugeot, which lost as much as 2.9 billion yuan in 1997, finally made Honda buy the shares and debts of French Peugeot in China at a symbolic price of 1, marking the end of the French car era.
In addition, there is another saying that on June 5438+0992165438+10/8, France announced the sale of 60 Mirage 2000 fighters to Taiwan Province Province of China. At that time, the Taiwan Strait crisis broke out in China. At this time, the French sold weapons to Taiwan Province Province, which seriously harmed China's interests. In other words, this is "no belt".
Therefore, the China government has taken a series of economic sanctions, including canceling all large-scale projects under negotiation with France, stopping economic and trade cooperation with France, and restricting the purchase of Guangzhou Peugeot cars by official vehicles. It is conceivable that the cancellation of government procurement will make Guangzhou Peugeot's dependence disappear. No dependence, still so individual, will eventually end in failure.
Guizhou bailingniao automobile
When it comes to larks in Guizhou, we have to mention Guizhou Aviation Industry Company, a subsidiary of China Aviation Industry Company. Born in 1964, this veteran military enterprise not only develops and manufactures aircraft, but also develops aviation equipment such as technical aero-engines. However, in the late 1980s, Guizhou Aviation Industry Corporation (hereinafter referred to as "Guihang"), as one of them, responded to the call of national military industry to civilian industry and faced with enterprise transformation.
1988, Guihang pointed the enterprise transformation and development to the automobile field. Although the direction is there, as a company that has never been involved in building a car, Guihang has to seek cooperation from experienced companies. So at 199 1, Guihang and Fuji Heavy Industries of Japan discussed technology import cooperation. In the second year, Guihang introduced the Subaru REX model into domestic assembly and production by paying the technology transfer fee. Due to its compact shape, Guihang named it "Bailing Car", and then the whole company name of Guihang Automobile was renamed "Guizhou Bailing Car".
Instead of paying the technology transfer fee, it is better to buy the parts of Subaru REX, because like Peugeot 505, it is only assembled and produced in China, and it has not really been localized. However, although it was assembled locally in Guizhou, it was also welcomed by the Guizhou provincial government. At the same time, it also threw an "olive branch" to Guizhou lark, hoping that lark will put some models into the construction of taxi industry in the province. At present, this kind of government-sponsored project is enough for many car companies to keep up. However, Guizhou lark car is very "personalized" and refused. In the end, I killed myself with a total score of 10 year10.2 million vehicles.
Nanjing fiat
Nanjing Fiat was founded in 1999, which is a large-scale joint venture between Nanjing Automobile Group Co., Ltd. and Italy Fiat Automobile Co., Ltd., with each party holding 50% of the shares. Although this joint venture company is not as qualified as the above two car companies, its total investment is as high as 3 billion yuan. Maybe now you will say that the R&D cost of a car company is tens of billions a year, but don't forget that it was at 1999, which shows how strong the financial support of car companies was at that time.
It is with this 3 billion capital that this joint venture company, which is composed of a large declining state-owned enterprise and a struggling global brand, has staged an amazing drama. They launched four models in China: Paleo sedan, Siena sedan, weekend wind station wagon and Pailang. Although people's acceptance of hatchbacks was not high at that time, the appearance of hatchbacks was fashionable at that time, so that Palio sold well.
But it stands to reason that in the late 1990s, China automobile was in a high-speed development stage, and Nanjing Fiat also had a good model, so it was impossible to decline in a few years. The reason is that the rapid development of domestic automobile industry has brought great pressure to this automobile enterprise. However, Nanjing Fiat has lived up to expectations. Relying on these four classic cars to perfuse China consumers is obviously suicidal, and there are great problems in management and marketing. Coupled with the conflict with Nanjing Automobile Group, let this joint venture brand say goodbye directly!
Write to the end:
Since the reform and opening up in China, many independent brands have extended olive branches to foreign "old guns" in order to seek development. But for the automobile industry, survival of the fittest is an unchangeable law. Today, these three car companies just confirm this feature. Although I did gain a lot at that time, the times are changing, consumers are changing, and there is no superhuman vision to talk about the future. ...
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.