In Guidong County, there are six rock combinations except that there are no red rocks exposed.
Loose deposit
Including alluvium, sediments and residues. Modern alluvium, distributed along Suijiang, Qijiang, Quanjiang and their tributaries; The deposits are distributed in the wider foothills of the valley, such as Sidu and Shatian. The distribution of residues is common. In granite distribution area, the residue is thick, and in sandstone exposed area, the residue is thin.
Sand shale
There are sandstone, shale, siltstone, gravelly sandstone and conglomerate. , distributed in the area from Daling in Beixi to Tai Hang in Sha Tin, with a length of about 22km from north to south and a width of about1.5km from east to west. Refractory seasonal sandstone and feldspar quartzite form ridges and steep slopes; Shale, sandy shale and siltstone are soft in texture, forming intermountain basins such as Beixi and Shatian wellhead.
Gravel rock
It is mainly distributed in the northeast of the main peak of Bamian Mountain and the mountainous areas in the west and south of Sidu Valley, as well as near Qinge Line to Dakeng. There are also scattered gravels in Eight Immortals, Eagle Peak Immortal and Moonlight Pit. The main peak of Bamian Mountain is composed of such rocks.
limestone
It is mainly distributed in Dongshuiyu and Xishuiyu of Sidu, as well as the mountainous area between them and the area from Daling to Jigongnao.
metamorphic rock
The main rocks are metamorphic sandstone, metamorphic siltstone, clapboard rock of gravelly sandstone, siliceous rock and crystalline limestone lens. Feldspar in timely sandstone is weathered into kaolin, while slate is rich in mud, and the accumulation layer in gentle slope area is thick, with slate fragments and gravel in between.
granitoid
Distributed in the east and northeast of the county. Potassium feldspar, plagioclase and mica in granite rocks, which occupy the total area of Guidong County, are easy to be weathered, while timely particles are mixed with weathered soil in the form of sand particles, forming thick sand and thick loose parent material layer. The thickness of weathering crust can reach 30 meters, especially around the county seat. After a long geological period, the weathered soil layer and parent material layer are thicker. Guidong county is located in the composite part of the relative uplift belt of Nanling banded structural belt and the relative uplift belt of Xinhua Building structural system. Due to climatic conditions, a fairly thick weathering crust, linear erosion of flowing water and surface erosion have been formed, thus forming a landform with deep valleys and steep slopes, mainly mountainous areas. Dongshan Mountain in Guangxi has high mountains and deep valleys, overlapping mountains and ravines. Mountainous area 1344.8 1 km2, of which middle and low mountains 1272.64 km2 and 72.17km2. Hill 57.04 square kilometers; Gangdi 15. 1 1 km2; The valley plain is 34.6 square kilometers. The ratio of mountains, hills, hills and plains is 93:4: 1:2, which constitutes a mountainous landform with Zhongshan as the main part and mountains, hills, hills and plains coexisting.
There is 57 1 peak in Guidong county. Among them, there are 13 peaks below 800 meters, accounting for 2.27%; 800. 1 ~ 1800 meters has 536 peaks, accounting for 93.87%; There are 22 seats exceeding 1800. 1 m, accounting for 3.86%. To the east is the main peak of Yun Qi at the junction of Chongyi County, Jiangxi Province, with an altitude of 206 1.3 meters, which is the first peak in the county. The main peak of Bamian Mountain bordering Zixing City in the west is 2042.38+0 meters above sea level. The total water resources in Guidong County is 65.438+0.677 billion cubic meters, the groundwater reserves are 65.438+0.26 billion cubic meters, and the cultivated land per mu is 7,077 cubic meters, with a per capita level of 654.38+0.0246 cubic meters, all higher than the national, provincial and municipal levels.
The theoretical hydropower reserve in Guidong County is more than 230,000 kilowatts, which can be developed and utilized18.6438+0.6 million kilowatts. There are 240 species of terrestrial vertebrates, 1 16 species of birds and 4 1 species of national key protected wild animals in Guidong county, among which 4 species are Grade I, namely clouded leopard, leopard, golden pheasant and white-necked pheasant. There are 36 species in Class II, namely macaque, Tibetan chief monkey, pangolin, ferret, otter, civet, golden cat, water deer, forest musk deer, roe deer, impala, Sumen antelope, crested falcon, goshawk, kite, sparrow hawk, red-bellied hawk and common owl.
Due to its special geographical location, Hunan Province has formed an important bird migration passage, stopping place, breeding place and wintering place in the world. Deng, an expert in zoology in Hunan Province and a professor at the School of Life Sciences of Hunan Normal University, has come to the conclusion through long-term on-the-spot investigation and research that the "Millennium Bird Path" in Guidong, Hunan Province is the second largest bird path in China inland except Hengduan Mountain Range, which is located in the middle route of migratory birds. The proven mineral deposits in Guidong County include tungsten, tin, coal, copper, lead, zinc, arsenic, limestone and kaolin. There are more than 80 mineral deposits or occurrences.