A typical feature of house slaves is to borrow money to buy a house. To put it bluntly, it means borrowing money to buy a house and paying off long-term debts. From this perspective, there were indeed domestic slaves in ancient times. In the history of China, the first batch of "domestic slaves" in a strict sense were the famous "the first gifted scholars in the south of the Yangtze River"-Tang Bohu and Tang Yin.
Some people will say that Tang Bohu is a great artist, and his poems, books and paintings are called "three wonders". Why don't you pay for typing This is also true, but according to Tang Bohu's own records, he really can't make up the purchase price.
This house made Tang Bohu a house slave, an abandoned "villa" of his former family, and almost a "dead house", so it should not cost much. Tang Bohu is very concerned about this property. He named it "Bie Ye Peach Blossom Garden" and later spent a lot of money to decorate it. It is said that Tang Bohu personally decorated the house and built it into a famous private garden in Suzhou.
Influenced by Tang Bohu, there is now a place called Taohuawu in Suzhou. There are two streets, Taohuawu Street and Taohuawu Bridge Lane. This shows that the fact that Tang Bohu once bought a house here is not a myth.
According to records, when Tang Bohu decided to buy real estate, he first borrowed a large sum of money from an official friend in Beijing as a "mortgage loan". Later, after painting and selling for more than two years, he raised enough money to buy a house. His behavior seems to be a kind of "mortgage", which can be regarded as a typical performance of house slaves.
Why does Tang Bohu like houses so much that he even wants to be a "house slave"? This is related to his living conditions at that time.
From an early age, Tang Bohu was brilliant, proficient in the Four Books and Five Classics, and well-read. 16 years old won the first prize and caused a sensation in Suzhou. At the age of 29, I went to Nanjing to take the provincial examination and won the first place. Just when he was ambitious, when he went to Beijing to take the exam the next year, he was unlucky because he was involved in cheating in the examination room.
As for the "individual examination case", there is a saying that Xu Jing, the son of Jiangyin billionaire, took the examination with him. He secretly bribed the examiner's family to get the exam questions in advance. After the incident was exposed, Tang Yin was also implicated in prison.
There is also a saying that other things will happen in this case. Tang Bohu's participation in scientific research is so rare that many candidates can't answer it. There are only two papers, which are not only properly answered, but also beautifully written. Cheng, one of the examiners, blurted out happily: "These two must be from Tang Yin." This sentence was heard and spread by all the people present.
In addition, Tang Yin and he went to Beijing many times, especially after he was appointed as the chief examiner, and Tang Yin asked him to preface one of his poems. This aroused the suspicion of others. At this time, after hearing Cheng say this in the examination room, he was caught by people who usually hate him. One by one, a group of people began to talk about the emperor, saying that he took bribes and leaked secrets. If he doesn't pursue them strictly, he will lose the hearts of scholars all over the world.
Emperor Xiaozong believed it and was very angry. He immediately forbade Cheng to correct the examination paper. All the papers read by Cheng were reread by Li Dongyang, and Cheng, Tang Yin and others were put into Dali Temple Prison, and a special person was appointed to try them. After being imprisoned, Xu Jing couldn't stand the torture. He admitted that he bought off Cheng's relatives with a piece of gold, stole the test paper and leaked it to Tang Yin. After a joint review by the Ministry of Justice and the official departments, Xu Jing overturned his confession and said it was a confession. The emperor ordered "rehabilitation", and three popular candidates, Tang Bohu, found a job as a local deacon in Zhejiang. Tang Bohu couldn't stand the insult and went home angrily.
After this incident, Tang Bohu gave up the idea of being an official and sent his hobbies to mountains and rivers, writing poems and painting. Historically, Tang Bohu was an outstanding painter. Although he is brilliant and has lofty ideals and ambitions, his cynical and arrogant personality is not suitable for this society.
His family life is not as happy as rumored, and there is no such thing as "San Xiao" or "Nine Sisters". When I was more than 25 years old, my family suffered a change, and my parents, wife and sister died one after another, and my family's fortune fell. After the failure of the imperial examination, his second wife forced him to divorce his wife. When he settled down in Taohua Temple, his mood was Jennifer's. The third wife, Shen nine niang, is a typical wife and mother. They repaid the loan together.
As for the difficulty of buying a house, many famous poets have similar experiences with Tang Bohu.
For example, Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty was a scholar at the age of 29 and a "principal" in Beijing at the age of 32. I estimate that this position is equivalent to a clerk in the State Council General Office who specializes in proofreading red-headed documents. He must be a national civil servant. However, the housing price in Chang 'an is too high for Bai Juyi to afford. For a long time, he rented several cabins in the eastern suburb of Chang 'an.
So did Su Dongpo, a senior cadre in the Song Dynasty, but he never bought a house in Kaifeng all his life. His son got married in Kaifeng and has no new house. Su Dongpo was so anxious that he finally borrowed a friend's house to finish the wedding. In contrast, Su Dongpo's younger brother Su Zhe is obviously more determined to buy a house.
Su Zhe worked as a civil servant for decades and finally bought a house in Xuchang, south of Kaifeng, at the age of 70. Before buying a house, Su Zhe couldn't help but write a poem complaining: "My hair is half white and there are no feet in the world", "I have never had a house, and all scholars think so", which means that I have lived for most of my life, my hair is gray, I have no house, and I can't hold my head in front of my son. They always complain about me. It is estimated that Mr. Su Zhe's son still expects his father's house to grow old.
1523, 53-year-old Tang Bohu died of poverty and disease. A generation of talented scholars said, "I would like to live with Lao Wu, and I will be with you without madness." The house he bought may be a symbol of his madness. Just like his poem:
Peach blossom temple in the peach blossom garden, peach blossom fairy in the peach blossom garden;
Peach blossoms compete with peach trees, and peach blossoms are picked as drinks.
When you wake up, you just sit in front of the flowers, get drunk and spend it in your sleep;
Day after day, half awake and half drunk, bloom flowers fall, bloom every year.
I hope that I will not be in contact with each other and bow my head in front of horses and chariots;
Happiness is happiness, but poverty is also good.
If you compare wealth and poverty, one is on the ground and the other is in the sky;
If you compare poverty to horses and chariots, he will drive me away and I will do nothing.
Others laugh at me for being crazy, and I laugh at others for not wearing it;
You can't see Wuling. You can hoe the ground without flowers and wine.
A gifted scholar died and was buried in the north of Taohuawu, not far from his former residence.