Where is the future employment direction of the major of applied electronic information technology, and what do you mainly study?

From the professional direction of engineers and graduate students, the professional direction of electronic information is probably 1) digital electronic circuits. Engaged in microcontroller development (8-bit 805 1 series, 32-bit ARM series, etc.). ), FPGA(CPLD), digital logic circuit, microcomputer interface (serial port, parallel port, USB, PCI). Write drivers and underlying applications are more demanding. Single chip microcomputer is mainly developed in C language and assembly language, and its complexity involves the development and transplantation of real-time embedded operating systems (ucLinux, VxWorks, uC-OS, WindowsCE, etc.). Most people engaged in electronic technology are engaged in this direction, mainly used in industrial control, monitoring and so on. 2) the direction of propagation. One branch is engineering design, construction and debugging (base station, computer room, etc. The other branch is development, such as routers, switches, software, etc. You need to know the No.7 signaling and various communication-related protocols, and the development platform ranges from ARM and DSP to Linux and Unix. 3) multimedia direction. Various audio and video codecs, such as mpeg2, mpeg4, h.264 and h.263, are mainly developed on ARM, DSP and windows. 4) power supply. Power supply belongs to analog circuit, including linear power supply, switching power supply, transformer and so on. Power supply is an important part of any circuit. 5) RF and microwave circuits. That is, radio electronic circuits. Include antennas, microwave solid-state circuits, and the like. Belonging to a high-frequency analog circuit. It is one of the core parts of various communication systems. 6) signal processing. This includes image processing and pattern recognition. This requires some mathematical knowledge, mainly matrix algebra, probability and stochastic process, Fourier analysis. It is very attractive to extract the components we are interested in from a group of chaotic signals, which means something like artificial intelligence. Such as radar signal synthesis, image transformation, CT scanning, license plate, face, fingerprint recognition and so on. 7) Microelectronics direction. The design and manufacture of integrated circuits are divided into front end and back end. The front-end focuses on functional design, and the development of FPGA(CPLD) can also be regarded as the front-end design, while the back-end focuses on the realization of physical layout. 8) There are many directions, such as audio circuits, power electronic circuits, control circuits and protocols of automobiles and airplanes. . . Physics majors who are engaged in electronic technology generally tend to apply physics more, so that they can give full play to their expertise. Such as analog circuit, radio frequency circuit, power supply and even integrated circuit design. If you have a certain physical foundation and love to do things, you should consider these difficult directions. Although it's not easy to get started, it's all very professional things. Most of them with more than five years' experience earn more than 65,438+00,000 yuan per month (the monthly salary of RF engineers recruited by Agilent in Beijing is 4,000 dollars). Moreover, these majors are sacred books to outsiders, and the older they get, the more popular they become. But these majors require that you'd better read professional graduate students. If you want to find a job easily, you must learn MCU, ARM and FPGA. There are many such jobs, and people with several years of experience earn more than 6000 yuan. If you are not afraid of programming, mathematics and algorithms, signal processing and DSP are also good choices, and the income of those who can undertake the project is about 8 thousand to 1 10 thousand/month. * If you are familiar with the network, you can do network management, network maintenance and website construction in enterprises and institutions. Comfortable. * Can skillfully use c++ programming, familiar with the operating system, can become a full-time programmer, familiar with the underlying software can also become a system engineer. This is a very tiring job, but the salary is not low! * Proficient in using JAVA, able to handle object-oriented enterprise application development, enterprise WEB page design, Internet visualization software development and animation, JAVA game development on web server mobile phone, etc. Very fashionable job, the mood at work is very important, haha! * If you are familiar with linux, you can compete freely in the linux world. All you need is a computer, an Internet connection and a good brain. Your linux comrades will judge your ability according to your point of view, your code and your other contributions. If you can't find a job, the job will come to you! * You can skillfully use protel, and you can find work in circuit boards, such as designing PC boards and so on. Follow the rules, keep quiet, and stand aloof from the world, but you can't do this all your life, can you? * You are familiar with single chip microcomputer, so you can find a job to develop programming applications with single chip microcomputer. Small enterprises have many small products, and some small products also have their own fun. * If you have the basic knowledge of DSP, you can seek jobs in artificial intelligence, pattern recognition, image processing or data acquisition, neural network and other fields. It will be a pillar of the company in the future! * If you are familiar with ARM, you can become a product development engineer in the fields of portable communication products, handheld computing, multimedia and embedded solutions. Ha, a new IT elite is born! * You are familiar with EDA, HDL language and various algorithms, such as FIR, FFT and CPU. At the same time, you master the application of the latest FPGA/CPLD devices and apply the developed modules with independent intellectual property rights to ASIC. Congratulations, you will soon find a job with a monthly salary of tens of thousands. What? You don't know anything? These four years have been wasted! ? Then ask the teacher how to teach you, and come back and ask yourself how to learn! Take time to make up lessons while looking for a job! Specialty is a good specialty: it has a wide range of applications and intersects with computers, communications and electronics; But this line is biased, so the ability to do it is very important; In addition, it is best to be an undergraduate, and it is too difficult to find a job in a junior college now! Of course, in addition to prawns, this major has high requirements for mathematics and English, and if you are depressed, you have to get a high salary. To eat this bowl of rice, practical ability and mathematics are the basic skills. Of course, you are not required to be a mathematician, as long as you can understand formulas, such as calculus and probability statistics formulas, and at least know what you are talking about, while linear algebra requires more, because any book about an algorithm will eventually turn the algorithm into matrix calculation (so that you can program, and a considerable part of modern electronic engineering is programming). For hands-on ability, it is best to weld and assemble some small circuits in the lower grades. Tools? Just find the cheapest one! Electric soldering iron and multimeter are essential. Can I buy a second-hand oscilloscope circuit diagram if I have money? It is often published in radio magazines. Radio enthusiasts get started, and the actual operation is very good. The other is single chip microcomputer, CPLD/FPGA, DSP, among which single chip microcomputer is necessary, and 5 1 series single chip microcomputer can be used, because this is the most used one; Just find a 5 1 development board (cheaper) and program it yourself. ARM MCU, FPGA and DSP development board are all expensive, but this is the trend. If you can, have fun. Programming: c/c++ is a must. In fact, single-chip microcomputer /DSP application systems often use C language to develop data structures and operating systems, which is the core course of computer software specialty (Peking University teacher thinks that after learning these two courses, I think I have studied computers. Large single-chip computers (such as ARM series) often use embedded operating systems (such as uCLinux), so in addition to windows programming, I also have the opportunity to play the database principle of Linux programming and other computer majors (databases are too important now, so it is best to learn large-scale ones such as SQLServer and Oracle. You can also learn MySQL, Access), software engineering, computer architecture (if you have a solid foundation of microcomputer principle) and compilation principle (difficult enough) windows programming: beginners should use vb, and there are more Delphi/C++Builders really developed, so the cost of learning vc is too high. As for Java/C#, it is still far from the underlying development. There is also a write driver (WDM or Linux driver) at the bottom, but these are professional. In order to understand the operating system deeply, another big part of the electronic engineering course is the signal system, digital signal processing, communication principle, electromagnetic field and microwave technology foundation. These courses use a lot of mathematical knowledge. It's painful to learn, and I think it's difficult for undergraduate students to understand these courses (because you don't have enough math foundation), but it's better to know something in theory than in fog. In fact, the core courses of electronic information engineering are single chip microcomputer technology, EDA technology, DSP technology and embedded system. As long as you are proficient, you can live a decent life. In addition, there are some more important courses, such as circuit CAD and operating system. If you really go out, you are famous beggars. ! Dsp is the most promising, but math is better. The five-year experience salary is 8000 ~ 10000 yuan, and it is difficult to develop vc with the combination of bottom layer and complex calculation. The five-year salary is 6000 ~ 10000 yuan, which is generally in the field of industrial control. I said the five-year salary is 4 ~ 6000 yuan. In addition, the wages in coastal cities are just so much, and the wages are very low. For example, if you can program in the upper computer, it is equivalent to mastering the development of the whole system. The salary will be 1 ~ 3000. Basically, the more difficult it is, the fewer people you want, the simpler and more popular you get, and the more people you want, the less you get paid. But if you go deep into an industry and master the whole business process of its development; Or know some customers and have projects in hand. I think the annual salary should reach several hundred thousand or even more. At that time, you may have to start your own company!