According to incomplete statistics of CBN, since July, more than 15 cities and regions have issued policies to optimize the purchase of houses by talents. These cities include capital cities such as Wuhan, Jinan, Shijiazhuang, Fuzhou, Xuzhou, Suzhou, Foshan and Dongguan, second-and third-tier cities in hot urban agglomerations, and non-hot third-and fourth-tier cities such as Huanggang, Jiaozuo and Yangxin 'an.
In the affordable housing market, many cities have also made innovations. For example, Shenzhen has launched the "Young Talents Living Plan", and qualified young talents and enterprises have property rights. After three years, if the house price rises, young talents can choose the original price to buy the remaining half of the property rights from the enterprise; Chengdu residents can add 1 set of housing purchase qualification after it is clear that they will use their own housing for affordable rental housing.
In an interview with CBN, Wang, director and researcher of the Theoretical Research Office of the Institute of Ecological Civilization of China Academy of Social Sciences and director of the Real Estate Professional Committee of China Urban Economics Association, said that overall, the current preferential housing policies for young people in various places are conducive to restoring market confidence and alleviating the housing pressure of young people. On the other hand, at present, all localities pay more attention to "talent" housing, and talent policy is an incentive policy, which cannot completely replace the GSP youth housing support policy.
In addition, Wang said that in hot and non-hot cities, the actual housing needs faced by young people are different, and the expected solutions are also different. It is necessary to adjust measures to local conditions and focus on "renting and purchasing the same rights" to further formulate housing support policies that meet the development needs of young people.
Educational threshold of housing subsidy
Recently, while many hot cities have relaxed their settlement conditions, more cities have opened the door to the optimization policy of talent-based housing purchase. Since July, more than 15 cities across the country have introduced the new policy of talent purchase. The policy covers housing subsidies, deed tax concessions, and the increase in the amount of provident fund loans.
Among them, there are differences in the implementation threshold of "talent" preferential policies in different cities, and the standards for defining academic qualifications in high-energy cities and hot cities are more stringent.
/kloc-In July/February, Foshan issued the "Administrative Measures for Supporting Policies of Housing Provident Fund for High-level Talents in Foshan (Provisional) (Draft for Comment)", which mentioned that the maximum amount of housing provident fund loans for high-level talents in Foshan will rise to 6,543.8+100,000 yuan, and the maximum amount of housing provident fund for high-level talents renting commercial housing is three times that announced to the public by the management center that year.
Suzhou and Shijiazhuang classify preferential policies for talent purchase. In Shijiazhuang, according to the Notice of Shijiazhuang Municipal People's Government on Printing and Distributing Several Measures and Supporting Policies for Stable Economic Operation in Shijiazhuang issued on July 1 1, imported talents can enjoy monthly rent subsidy of1000 ~ 3,000 yuan and one-time housing subsidy of 500,000 ~ 300,000 yuan according to their academic qualifications.
In Suzhou, according to a series of local talent policies recently released, 65438+ 10,000 talent apartments will be provided within three years, with a maximum housing subsidy of 8 million yuan and a maximum talent introduction reward of 1 10,000 yuan; Post-doctoral mobile station outbound personnel can enjoy a maximum subsidy of 3 million yuan.
In the housing subsidy policies introduced by non-hot third-and fourth-tier cities, the criteria for defining talents have also diverged.
For example, in Xin 'an County, Luoyang City, Henan Province, according to the "Several Measures for Promoting the Sustainable, Stable and Healthy Development of the Real Estate Market in Xin 'an County" issued in June, 5438+02, young college students (full-time doctoral students, master students and undergraduate graduates) who bought the first home were given housing subsidies of 30,000 yuan, 20,000 yuan and 1 10,000 yuan respectively.
In Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province, according to the "Thirty-six Measures for Promoting the Healthy Development of Real Estate Industry in Xinzhou City" implemented in July of 1, it was rigidly transferred to Xinzhou City for full financial allocation or balance allocation units were short of high-level talents, and a one-time settlement fee of 500,000 yuan was given.
For the phenomenon that non-hot cities have the educational threshold of housing subsidies, or can compete with hot cities, Jaco, president of the branch of 58 Anjuke Real Estate Research Institute, told CBN that because non-hot third-and fourth-tier cities, especially those with certain industrial support, tend to attract relevant professionals.
"In terms of optimizing talent purchase, the intensity of hot and non-hot cities will be different. Generally speaking, non-hot third-and fourth-tier cities need to have greater subsidies for buying houses or renting, and they will be more inclined to attract talents needed for the development of local key industries. " Jaco said.
However, in Wang's view, the proportion of non-hot cities absorbing highly educated talents is still relatively limited. "In non-hot third-and fourth-tier cities, the young population is more of an in-situ urbanized population, in other words, more of an agricultural transfer population. If the academic threshold is too high, there are relatively few people who can meet the qualification requirements for talent purchase. "
Jaco also mentioned that low housing prices are not enough to make third-and fourth-tier cities attractive to highly educated talents. The local economic level, the completeness of industrial development and income expectation will all affect the flow of talents. "Therefore, we must first use the industry to retain talents, and then use the relevant policies to promote the purchase of houses, so as to effectively open the housing consumption of young people."
Wang believes that for third-and fourth-tier cities, the focus of promoting young people's housing consumption should be on basic public services such as education, medical care and social security after young people settle in cities, and the implementation of the policy of "renting and purchasing the same rights" should be effectively promoted.
It is necessary to form an "inclusive incentive" youth housing support policy system.
In big cities with population inflow, another way to meet the basic housing needs of young people is to develop the affordable housing market.
According to the white paper released by the State Council Information Office in April this year, the urbanization rate of young permanent residents will reach 7 1. 1% in 2020, which is 15.3 percentage points higher than that of ten years ago and 7.2 percentage points higher than that of the whole permanent population.
A recent research report by CITIC Securities shows that in 2020, the coverage rate of affordable housing in China will be 7.2%, which is 1.2 percentage points higher than that in 2000. Among them, the proportion of rented affordable housing has increased, while the development of affordable housing with property rights is relatively slow. In cities and regions with large population inflows, new citizens and young people lack high-quality rental housing.
Recently, a number of cities that have been included in the pilot scope of "Youth Development" have given "new measures" to support the development of affordable housing.
According to the Opinions on Launching the Pilot Construction of Youth-oriented Cities jointly issued by Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China and the National Development and Reform Commission, the selected cities should "accelerate the improvement of the housing security system with public rental housing, affordable rental housing and * * * property housing as the main body" and optimize the basic housing needs of young people.
In June this year, the first batch of "youth development" pilot cities were announced. There are 45 pilot cities (including municipal districts) in China, including first-tier cities, provincial capitals such as Chengdu, Changsha and Haikou, and hot third-and fourth-tier cities such as Dongguan.
On July 16, Shenzhen released the first "Young Talents Housing Plan" in China, which was jointly released by Shenzhen Enterprise Human Resources Development Promotion Association and Shenzhen Anjiajian Industrial Development Co., Ltd. In this plan, Shenzhen Anjiajian Industrial Development Co., Ltd. will open 50 industrial apartments to young talents who meet the standards, and hold house property rights together with young talents, which can be repurchased after three years.
Specifically, after three years, if house prices rise, young people can choose the original price to buy the remaining half of the property rights from enterprises; However, if house prices fall after three years, enterprises will buy back half of the property rights from young talents at the original price.
There are also urban innovations that have introduced a new property market policy that combines leasing and housing market. For example, "landlords will receive room tickets when renting houses". This new policy not only revitalizes more stock houses as rental housing supply, but also actually loosens the "purchase restriction" measures for specific groups.
On July 6th, Chengdu issued the Operation Guide for Residents to Use Their Own Houses for Affordable Rental Housing, which mentioned that when residents' houses are included in the stock of affordable rental housing, they can apply for new purchases in the restricted purchase area where the rental housing is located. A set of housing qualifications. The guide will be implemented on July 1 1 and will be valid for 5 years.
Earlier, another provincial capital city, Changsha, also introduced a similar policy.
According to the "Pilot Implementation Plan for Promoting Multi-agent Supply and Multi-channel Guarantee of Rental Housing in Changsha" issued by the Leading Group for Cultivating and Developing the Housing Rental Market in Changsha in May, before the implementation of this plan, the houses that have been delivered online or registered with real estate will not be counted in the calculation of family housing units after they are revitalized for rental housing.
Huang Hui, a senior analyst at RealData, told CBN that the above two policy innovations in the affordable housing market not only ensured the new citizens and young people to live in peace, but also enhanced the activity of the housing market to some extent.
"But in order for the policy of" combining leasing with buying houses "to work, the market itself needs sufficient demand first. Capital cities such as Changsha and Chengdu have strong support for housing demand, especially the demand for improved housing has a certain volume. " Jaco told reporters.
In Jaco's view, first-and second-tier cities and third-and fourth-tier cities with strong industrial support will be the key areas of population inflow in the future, and also the areas where the net growth of new citizens is concentrated. For such a city, it is necessary to increase the supply of market-oriented housing and affordable housing at the same time to better meet the housing needs of young people at different levels.
Regarding the "housing needs of young people at different levels", Wang believes that the next step is to pay attention to the "non-talented" youth groups represented by migrant workers.
"There are many youth groups engaged in basic and professional labor skills in major cities, especially Nong Dell, who was born in the city. These youth groups are also facing the pressure of work and housing, and may not get preferential policies for talents to settle down for employment, nor do they meet the application conditions for local affordable housing. " Wang said to him.
In his view, the talent policy is an incentive policy and cannot completely replace the GSP youth housing support policy. "All localities should integrate and improve the youth housing support policy system, increase the inclusiveness of policies, and form a youth housing support policy system with' inclusive incentives'."
In order to let young people stay, Huang Hui also said that it is necessary to further promote the "lease empowerment" in big cities and narrow the gap between renters and buyers in enjoying the rights and interests of public services.
Existing cities have made progress in promoting "rent-purchase and equal rights". In the recently published Regulations on Social Construction of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, which will be officially implemented on August 1 day, it is mentioned that the housing rental system based on market allocation and provided by the government with basic guarantee and policy support should be established and improved to promote the stable and healthy development of the housing rental market and to promote tenants to enjoy the same treatment as buyers in basic public services.
Author: Wu Simian