In the information age, enterprises must realize that communication is not a result, but a smooth, changeable and dynamic management process, which is an important means of organizing activities and enterprise management.
Modern enterprise management is people-oriented, and effective communication is an effective lever to balance and adjust employees' psychology and an important means of enterprise management. According to the communication theory of management, this paper briefly introduces the basic principles of effective communication in modern enterprises, expounds the control, coordination, communication and incentive functions of effective communication in modern enterprises, analyzes and discusses the obstacles and reasons of effective communication in enterprises from the aspects of information sending, information receiving, information transmission and communication methods, and puts forward the fundamental ways to realize effective communication by using communication skills, constructing effective communication system in enterprises and establishing correct communication channels.
Keywords: effective communication; Modern enterprise; Communication disorder
With the development of the times, the professional division of labor within enterprises is becoming more and more refined. In order to achieve the same goal, all departments need to fully communicate, exchange information, understand each other and cooperate with each other. Therefore, effective communication shows its importance more and more. Effective communication is conducive to forming a good working atmosphere, enhancing mutual understanding, eliminating misunderstandings, estrangements and suspicions, enhancing the team's combat effectiveness, improving the morale of employees, stimulating the enthusiasm of employees, and encouraging all employees to work together to achieve the business objectives of the enterprise.
Basic principles of effective communication in modern enterprises
Communication in management science refers to the process of transferring or exchanging understandable information, thoughts and emotions between two or more people. Effective communication is a highly reliable, accurate and fully understood information transmission and exchange process [1]. For an organization, a complete and effective communication is a process from the sender of information to the established audience through corresponding channels, and communication on specific goals forms a complete feedback. Its basic characteristics are the accuracy and integrity of information, as well as the timeliness and two-way communication. Of course, to evaluate the effect of a communication, in addition to the requirements of the information itself, it is also necessary to see whether the result of the communication is consistent with the goal. For modern enterprises, it is whether they can solve the practical problems faced by enterprises and promote the efficient operation of organizations.
For a modern enterprise, in order to communicate effectively, we must first realize that the enterprise does not exist independently, and it is a complex system in itself, and the change of any link will have a joint impact on the whole system. Secondly, communication is a process involving assumptions, situations, intentions, ways, audiences, processes, products, evaluation and feedback, and it is also a process involving individuals, organizations and external society. Furthermore, the communication atmosphere in the organization will promote encouraging communication or defensive communication. The former is an open and enlightening communication with individuals, which will promote the development of organizations and individuals. The latter is a closed communication with individuals, which is a constraint on individuals and will reduce the efficiency of the organization. Finally, managers themselves have a very important influence on the communication atmosphere within the organization.
The role of effective communication in modern enterprises
Communication runs through the whole management process and is an indispensable part of enterprise management, and its function is obvious.
Control. Through communication, the principles, objectives and policies of the enterprise are conveyed to employees, and employees' dissatisfaction and opinions are fed back to the management, which is convenient for the upper management to adjust in time and realize effective control. Effective communication can make the company's decisions accurately understood by employees and quickly implemented. In practical work, only through such an effective communication process can the company's new decisions be accurately and effectively implemented.
Coordination. Whether between individuals, between individuals and departments, or between departments, effective communication within an organization is extremely important. If the information communication channels within the organization are blocked, it is difficult to communicate with the opinions of employees, which will make employees feel depressed and complain. In this way, it will not only affect employees' mental health and work attitude, but also seriously affect the normal operation of the organization. Therefore, effective communication is a way to coordinate individuals and departments and form a good corporate culture, which can maintain work efficiency and avoid unnecessary losses.
Communication. The communication between enterprise group members includes mutual material help, support and emotional exchange. Information communication is a bridge between enterprises, their goals and team members. In the practical and effective communication operation, the views, wishes and positions of enterprises can attract the attention of the other party through communication. No matter how great an idea is, it is meaningless if it is not passed on to others and understood by others, but the same information is because
Incentive. In actual work and life, every employee has the need to be respected, understood and realized by others. For employees, whether they can work efficiently, whether they can cultivate a sense of belonging, loyalty and responsibility to the enterprise, and whether they can get satisfaction from their daily work depends largely on the relationship between the enterprise and employees. Psychological contract? The degree of realization. Build? Psychological contract? The process is to give full play to the enthusiasm, creativity and wisdom of employees, and also to ensure that employees have a high degree of cohesion. An excellent manager should change employees' attitude towards work through effective communication, so that employees can realize that the work they are about to complete is an indispensable part of the overall goal of the enterprise, and employees can work hard in such mutual cooperation [2-3].
Obstacles and causes of effective communication within enterprises
Although the importance of internal communication among enterprises has been recognized by most managers, under the influence of enterprise production and planned economic system in the industrial age, most enterprises in China have formed? Mandatory? Our management model only emphasizes the unity, authority and absoluteness of management, while the communication function has been weakened for a long time, which leads to low management efficiency to some extent. Today, there are still many obstacles and misunderstandings in the communication between people in the management process, especially in the effective communication within the enterprise, mainly in the following aspects.
The instructions of the information sender are strict. As the main executor and participant of management activities, enterprise managers are the main senders of information, and often occupy a dominant position in the process of information communication. Due to the influence of China's traditional ideas, there is a general fear of superiors and subordinates in China enterprises. Hierarchy? In the process of communicating with subordinates, superior managers often behave subjectively and arbitrarily, and are used to communicating information with subordinates by giving orders, without paying attention to respecting, understanding and caring for subordinates, which often fails to form true equal communication, which is easy to make subordinates have rebellious emotions, leading to incomplete information reception, leading to communication obstacles and affecting the effect of information transmission. At the same time, the sender of the information has his own subjective understanding of the content of the information. In the process of information transmission and communication, he often unconsciously gives some hints to the receiver of the information, and is not sure whether the information is received or whether it is correct, which leads to the distortion of the information.
The recipient of the information accepts unilaterally. As recipients of information, employees have a tendency to accept information selectively. They will manually filter information according to their own needs, values, experience and understanding, and selectively accept information to make it more beneficial to them, regardless of whether it is related to organizational goals and management decisions. Take knowledge workers as an example. Knowledge workers usually have a unique outlook on life and values, pursue self-worth in their work and can't stand the remote command of their superiors. Therefore, in the process of communicating with such employees, communication barriers at the value level are prone to occur. In addition, the hint of the information sender, the status difference between the information receiver and the sender, and the receiver's trust in the sender will all lead to employees' incomplete and inaccurate acceptance of information, and they can't give timely feedback to the information, so that communication is limited to top-down one-way communication.
The channel of information transmission is blocked. The more organizational levels and routes information passes through in the process of communication, the more time it wastes, and the less it can maintain the authenticity of information. When transmitting the same information layer by layer, it is often influenced by personal memory and thinking ability, which leads to partial filtering or artificial modification of information, thus reducing the efficiency of information exchange. Therefore, too many organizational levels in an enterprise will also increase the difficulty of effective communication to a certain extent.
The way of communication is single. The choice of communication mode will also affect the authenticity of information transmission. The communication channels of most enterprises are relatively simple, and they still stay in some traditional communication methods such as instructions, reports and meetings. Managers often only pay attention to formal communication and ignore informal communication, and only pay attention to traditional communication methods and ignore modern communication methods [4-5].
The fundamental way to achieve effective communication
Use communication skills
As the transmitter of information, modern enterprise managers should use various communication methods and skills to communicate with employees as carefully as possible in order to achieve the best effect of communication with employees. Managers need to master some communication skills.
Respect the different opinions of subordinates. Many managers can't respect the opinions of their subordinates, especially those who dare to put forward opinions that are inconsistent with their own opinions, and often refuse to accept them because of their face, thus leaving the impression that their leaders are arbitrary and narrow-minded. Therefore, employees dare not put forward opinions and suggestions, and over time they no longer care about the problems of enterprises. To be an excellent manager, we must abandon this mode of thinking and learn to tolerate the different opinions of subordinates. Managers should encourage employees to dare to doubt and criticize various decisions and plans, which is the personality charm that leaders should have. Managers are open-minded and good at listening to and accepting employees' opinions, which can make employees feel the recognition of the enterprise, thus generating a sense of belonging to the enterprise and helping to stimulate employees' enthusiasm. In addition, from the management point of view, managers should let employees fully discuss and express their opinions before making decisions, so as to gain as much knowledge as possible, thus reducing the resistance in implementation and improving work efficiency.
Master listening and speaking skills. Enterprise managers should pay attention to emotional communication in the process of communicating with employees. Listen. Skills. We should control our emotions, communicate equally and sincerely, don't interrupt each other too quickly, and don't jump to conclusions so that employees have sufficient time and space to express their opinions and suggestions. At the same time, in the process of conversation, managers had better smile, so as to alleviate the possible nervousness of employees at this time, and express appreciation for the better suggestions put forward by employees at any time, which can give employees positive psychological hints and increase the effectiveness of communication. As a communicator, managers should not only be good at listening, but also master? Say? Skills, can use concise and clear language, clearly and accurately express their views and opinions, so that employees can really accept them. On the other hand, if enterprise managers put on airs or use imperative tone to instruct employees when communicating with employees, it is easy to cause employees' rebellious psychology.
Mutual respect and trust. The effect of communication depends not only on the content of communication, but also on the interpersonal relationship between the two parties. Managers who respect employees are easy to get the support and trust of employees, and can let employees actively express their views. Once managers lose the trust of employees and the hearts of the people, the communication between the two sides is meaningless and ineffective. Therefore, in the process of communication, managers must put employees in an equal position with themselves, put themselves in the employee's shoes, and stimulate the enthusiasm of employees and managers to share joys and sorrows, which is conducive to effective communication between the two sides [6].
Establish an effective communication system for enterprises
Although communication skills and methods are very important, communication is not just a unilateral skill of the information sender, and effective communication should be two-way and multi-level. We should advocate communication between superiors and subordinates, between peers, between departments and between employees within the enterprise, and form a good communication atmosphere, so that every employee can have the right to speak in the management of the enterprise, so that employees can feel the attention and respect of the management, which is conducive to understanding and communication between superiors and subordinates and peers. This requires the formulation of corresponding systems.
Regular meeting system. The regular meeting system can strengthen the communication between employees and departments, facilitate the timely grasp of the dynamics of various departments, enable relevant work to be communicated in time at the meeting, quickly find problems, find loopholes, and remedy in time, thus ensuring the smooth flow of information, improving the thoroughness and planning of all work, making enterprises work orderly and efficiently, and constantly improving the management efficiency of leaders.
Establish an information feedback system. Information feedback is one of the indispensable links of complete management communication. Information feedback is a two-way communication process. The sender transmits information and opinions to the receiver, and the receiver feeds back the information sent by the sender, forming a cycle. After communicating with employees, managers should pay attention to employees' understanding and feedback of information. Through investigation, inquiry and evaluation, they can understand employees' acceptance and understanding of information, encourage recipients to actively feedback information, and then modify and adjust corresponding management measures. Information recipients must grasp their dominant position in information feedback, eliminate some psychological interference and possible power deterrence, and give information feedback objectively and accurately. In short, enterprises should try their best to balance the two-way communication of information and establish a perfect two-way communication mechanism so that enterprises can truly realize effective communication.
Establish an incentive-suggestion mechanism? . Rationalization suggestions are traditional measures and means of democratic management in enterprises. In modern enterprise management, we should learn from this good tradition and make it an institutionalized and standardized internal communication channel. When making decisions, the company should listen to the different opinions of employees to the maximum extent, encourage employees to speak freely, and make suggestions on the problems existing in enterprise management and development, even the shortcomings of managers, so that employees can truly feel the responsibilities and rights that enterprise owners should have. Incentive-suggestion system can make every employee in the enterprise directly participate in management, communicate with managers in a real sense, express or vent their views and opinions in an open and positive way, and improve the level of information communication within the enterprise.
Establish correct communication channels. Modern communication management should first build smooth, timely and effective communication channels, and finally form a communication system for information exchange within enterprises. On the one hand, it generates management information instructions and transmits them to all departments of the enterprise in time, on the other hand, it provides effective information for the decision-making center of the enterprise in time, forming the information basis for decision-making and providing decision-making reference for decision-makers.
Establish a flat organizational structure and shorten the information transmission chain. The information transmission chain is too long, which will slow down the circulation speed and cause information distortion. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce organizational levels and broaden information channels. Flat organizational structure is an organizational structure produced by modern enterprises to adapt to the rhythm of information economy. It reduces the distortion of information, accelerates the rapid response speed of enterprises and improves the competitive advantage of enterprises.
Adopt diversified communication methods. Effective communication depends on the choice of communication methods. As an enterprise, we should fully consider the industry characteristics of the organization and the psychological structure of employees, and correctly choose formal communication and informal communication. Communicate instructions, orders and organizational resolutions through formal communication; Use informal communication to motivate and guide subordinates, publicize ideas, exchange ideas and establish good relations. There are various forms of communication in modern enterprises, and oral communication is suitable for information transmission and daily communication within enterprises, including issuing instructions, interviews, meetings, asking for instructions and reports, etc. Written communication is more formal, clear and accurate, and it is a formal way of communication. For some important information that needs to be confirmed by both parties, this formal way can be used to communicate. Other communication methods include e-mail, newspapers, magazines, television, forums, message boards, corporate gatherings, etc. This way of communication is conducive to improving employees' sense of identity with the enterprise and increasing the cohesion of the enterprise. Enterprises can choose some forms according to their own characteristics and establish a perfect communication system.
In short, in the information age, enterprises must realize that communication is not a result, but a smooth, changeable and dynamic management process, which is an important means of organizing activities and enterprise management. Modern enterprises must attach importance to effective communication, choose appropriate methods, use the right channels and communicate effectively in order to achieve organizational goals. Enterprise managers must learn to be good at using communication means to maintain and stimulate the vitality of enterprises and create a good internal environment for their survival and development. Only in this way can enterprises be in an invincible position in the fierce market competition.
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