Dong recently made a detailed comparison between local agricultural registered permanent residence and non-agricultural registered permanent residence, and found that among the 12 rights related to hukou, there are basically no policy differences between urban and rural areas, such as employment, endowment insurance, education, basic public health services, and public cultural services. Land rights and interests, direct grain subsidies, returning farmland to forests, rural five guarantees and poverty alleviation are unique to rural hukou; Only low-income cities have higher monthly subsidy standards than rural areas. In 40 yuan, public rental housing and low-rent housing are unique to urban hukou.
Dong said: "In recent years, agricultural registered permanent residence's additional preferential policies have been continuously introduced, greatly increasing the attractiveness of agricultural registered permanent residence. Farmers are willing to work and live in cities, but they are unwilling to move their accounts. This is a rational choice after calculating an interest account. "
Many grassroots cadres and experts believe that the key to improving farmers' willingness to settle in cities and truly promoting people's citizenization lies in revitalizing rural land assets and "loosening" farmers and land. Wang Shouzhi, director of the research department of the Consulting and Research Center of the Ministry of Land and Resources, and other experts said that at present, apart from the compensation withdrawal from the conventional land acquisition and demolition, there is no institutional arrangement for farmers to voluntarily withdraw from the "three rights" of land contractual management right, homestead use right and collective income distribution right, and the property value of rural assets cannot be realized, resulting in a large number of agricultural transfer population preferring land abandonment and vacant rural houses rather than moving out of the countryside.
Dong calculated an account. Generally speaking, land is the fundamental guarantee of farmers, and houses are the main property of farmers. In Langzhong, the per capita land rights and interests are more than 30,000 yuan. If it cannot be converted into property income through formal channels, farmers will not withdraw from rural hukou.
At present, how to "untie" farmers from the land, the central and local governments have continuously improved relevant policies and launched a number of explorations. Chongqing implements the "land ticket" system to guide farmers to voluntarily reclaim idle and abandoned rural construction land into cultivated land. After ensuring rural development, the rest will be publicly traded in the market in the form of "land tickets"; Yicheng City, Hubei Province, explores the exit mechanism of rural homestead and implements paid incentives for farmers' occupied area. In the past year, 68 families voluntarily withdrew.
Many experts and grassroots cadres suggested that, on the one hand, we should sum up and improve the experience models explored in various places; On the other hand, it is necessary to speed up the top-level design and innovate in theory and practice, so that farmers can really withdraw from the land and voluntarily settle in cities.
(The above answers were published on 20 16-08-0 1. Please refer to the actual situation for the current purchase policy. )
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