Then, the bank doesn't know you. How can the bank know you? How to judge whether there will be risks in lending you money?
From the information to be submitted for your loan, you can judge what information the bank uses to judge you.
Although the bank doesn't know you, it can know you from the information you provide, which mainly includes three aspects.
? Personal credit information
Personal credit information is your personal credit record. Are you an honest and trustworthy person? Will the borrowed money be paid back on time?
If you are not an honest and trustworthy person, you may not return the money lent to you by the bank, so the personal loan lent to you by the bank will be risky. If the risk assessed by the bank is relatively high, your loan application will be rejected.
How do banks judge your personal credit?
That's your personal credit report printed by China People's Bank. Your loans from other financial institutions, including your interbank loans and credit card loans, are recorded in the credit records of the People's Bank of China.
Not only the loan situation is recorded in the credit report of the People's Bank of China, but also the unsuccessful loan record you applied to other financial institutions. As long as you apply for a loan from any other financial institution, your loan application will be recorded even if the application is unsuccessful.
The most common is to use credit cards. If the credit card is overdue too much, the bank will directly drag you into the category of people who refuse to lend. If the overdue situation is not serious, the bank thinks that you have no intention of overdue. Although there is a certain risk in lending you a loan, the risk will not be great, but I will still lend you a loan.
If you often apply for a loan, the bank will judge it according to your credit information, which means that you are a person who is very short of money, and lending you money will be risky.
? bank statement
Bank flow is a record of your transactions with the bank, such as your salary income, your consumption expenditure in a certain place, etc. Will be recorded in the banking system.
When the bank inquires about your bank flow, what is your income, what is your expenditure and what is your monthly surplus. The bank can clearly check your income and expenditure according to your running water.
If your income exceeds your expenses, you will have a certain economic ability to repay the bank's mortgage loan; If your income is less than your expenses, you may not be able to repay the bank mortgage.
The purpose of the bank to check your running water is to see if your income can repay the bank's mortgage loan.
? Work certificate
Some banks need you to issue a work certificate when your monthly payment reaches a certain amount; Some banks don't need work certificates.
The contents of the work certificate include your annual salary, job position, work unit, working years, etc. Use this information to judge whether your work is continuous, whether your income is stable, and whether your income will increase with time, so as to judge whether you have lasting repayment ability.
The process of bank approval is that you submit the information first, and the bank has a special account manager to review your information. After the approval, it is a review, which is reviewed by the bank's risk control department and then reviewed and signed by the bank legal person.
From the above analysis,
Banks mainly judge whether you meet the bank's loan requirements through the lender's credit information, bank running water and work certificate.
The purpose of inquiring about credit information is to see if you are an honest and trustworthy person. For those who break their promises, banks will not lend; Bank running water depends on whether you have the financial ability to repay the bank mortgage; The proof of work depends on whether you have the ability to repay the loan for a long time. After all, mortgage is a loan for 20 to 30 years, and you must have a long-term job to ensure that you can repay the loan on time.
Good credit information shows that you are a trustworthy person; Enough running water shows that you have the economic ability to repay the loan; The work certificate shows that you have a lasting repayment ability.
You are an honest and trustworthy person with lasting repayment ability, and the bank loan you applied for will certainly pass; On the contrary, if you break your promise and have no repayment ability, the bank will refuse your loan application.
The bank's approval of mortgage mainly depends on three aspects, one is the credit report, the other is the bank's running water, and the third is the income certificate.
1. Credit records Credit records are the threshold for mortgage approval. If there is a big problem with your credit record, no matter how high your income is, you will directly refuse the loan. Banks mainly look at whether lenders have overdue records and how many times they have overdue records. Generally speaking, "three times in a row, six times in a row" will basically be refused loans, that is, three times in a row or six times overdue. So be sure to manage your credit history, and don't have overdue credit cards or loans overdue.
2. Bank Flow Bank flow is used to judge the lender's repayment ability, and bank flow can largely reflect the lender's income. Banks generally require lenders to pay twice or more than 2.2 times the monthly bank income. If not, it is very likely that the loan will be refused or the loan amount will be reduced.
3. Income proof Income proof is also used to judge the lender's repayment ability, and can also check the lender's job stability and income stability. The income certificate needs to be stamped by the company or unit, and you can also check whether the lender's work unit is of high quality.
Under normal circumstances, if the lender has no problems in the above three aspects, then the loan approval is basically no problem.
That's a good question! Many property buyers are not clear about the convenience here. Let me answer your question and hope you can benefit.
1. When you are in mortgage to buy a house, the bank needs you and your husband and wife to make a credit report to the People's Bank of China, and the bank will check whether you have a bad credit record and whether the overdue period is serious. The bank will refuse to lend if the bad overdue records have accumulated more than three times within 90 days. Neither husband nor wife can.
Two, in addition to the above audit requirements, but also need to provide proof of income.
1 proof of income: 2.2 times the monthly payment of your mortgage house. For example, if your monthly payment is 5000 yuan/month, then your income certificate should be above 1 1000. Both husband and wife add up to enough.
② Bank flow: Bank flow is the income, deposit and expenditure details of your company and business. The bank will also check this thing. If you start your own business, you must provide a business license.
Marriage certificate: married people need to provide marriage certificate, household registration book, ID card and other materials to the bank, and there must be no false information, otherwise it will be dealt with in the form of fraudulent loans.
Third, the lending time.
After you submit the information, the bank will call your work unit to verify the information, and you can lend money within 40 working days after checking the housing situation with you.
In fact, whether to choose state-owned banks, national joint-stock commercial banks and small and medium-sized local banks for personal housing loans is relatively loose. Under normal circumstances, as long as the applicants for personal housing loans have no bad personal credit records, they can basically apply for personal housing loans.
How does the bank audit the borrower's information when the buyer handles the mortgage in the bank? First, through the personal credit information of the individual housing loan applicant, inquire about the personal credit record of the purchaser;
Second, determine whether the applicant has a stable income and repayment ability through the work certificate and bank flow;
Third: With the development of the Internet and the informatization of various banks, the first item when major banks handle various loans is big data risk control. Now the big data information left by the applicant's Internet is becoming more and more perfect, which can be said to be more perfect than the central bank's credit information. Information such as hotel records, criminal records, illegal records, and court prosecution records will be displayed (if there is a state of being sued and unable to apply for personal housing loans,
Can banks find all kinds of information about borrowers through the network or system? A few years ago, the major banks really couldn't find the basic information of the applicants through the Internet. However, at present, the record users of major banks share historical credit information with each other and cooperate with big data companies. Now banks can check the information of loan applicants through the Internet (the national joint-stock commercial banks implemented it earlier), but for personal housing loans, as long as there is no big problem big data card, it is not too strict, and the central bank is still the main one.
Now the bank audit is more strict. What is the detailed internal process of bank audit? In fact, with the docking with big data, the personal housing loans of banks are indeed slightly stricter than before, but they are not very strict. As long as the buyer's information is true and there is no problem with the credit information, it can be handled normally; The review process is actually to review the personal information of buyers (big data-central bank credit information-work unit-bank flow).
How long can a personal housing loan be released? The loan interest rates of the selected banks are different. If the bank funds for personal housing loans are not very tight, they can lend money within 3-7 days after approval; However, at present, the personal housing loan policy in most areas is tightened and there is a fixed monthly limit, which leads to the slow pace of personal housing loan lending. In the case that there are not many local buyers, the loan can be completed within 1 month, and in the case that there are many buyers in some areas, the loan can be completed within 3 months (if there is no loan for more than 3 months, there is basically a problem. When a buyer buys a second-hand house, he looks for a real estate agent. Find a developer to solve the problem in the new house. Remember that as long as the buyer has a repayment note, it proves that the loan has been made (it will appear when buying a second-hand house in some areas, and the bank has obviously lent money, but the real estate agent will delay for a while to earn the buyer's deposit fee).
To sum up: generally speaking, the approval of personal housing loans is relatively looser than personal consumption loans and corporate loans, because buyers mortgage their properties to banks; At present, banks control borrowers' risks through big data-central bank credit reporting-work unit-bank flow, and control whether borrowers submit real information and the repayment ability of buyers (after bank approval, the lending speed of different outlets in different regions is different).
Mortgage is one of the most common loan types of major banks, and almost every bank has mortgage business to some extent.
Because this kind of business has a house as collateral, the term is relatively long, and the monthly payment is affordable for most people, so it is a low-risk business in many banks.
It is precisely for this reason that banks are not very strict in examination and approval, as long as they meet the following aspects.
I. Income and Liabilities All banks have requirements on income-liability ratio or debt repayment ratio for mortgage customers. Specifically, the borrower's monthly income divided by monthly mortgage repayment amount is less than 50%, and the borrower's monthly income divided by monthly household debt expenditure is less than 55%.
The accounting of income mainly comes from the bank running water or income certificate provided by the borrower. Liabilities mainly come from the display of credit information. The loan amount and credit card usage amount shown on the credit report will be classified as the debt amount.
If the credit card usage amount is relatively large, the bank will take the credit card usage amount as a liability item.
Income and liabilities are the conditions that the regulatory requirements must meet, and also the warning line to ensure that borrowers will not be unable to live because the loan amount is too high.
Second, the credit status refers to the borrower's willingness to repay the loan. The bank's judgment on this dimension is mainly based on the credit report and the information executed by the court.
Generally speaking, banks mainly check the number of overdue credit reports in the past two years. It is dangerous to be overdue for more than 8 times, and banks will think that the willingness to repay is not strong. At the same time, it will also look at whether there are bad debts, paying debts with assets, and third-party compensation. On the credit report. If there is, it shall not refuse the loan.
If the credit status is good, but the borrower is involved in the lawsuit and is the executor in the court, then the bank will also refuse.
Third, the real estate situation For the loan to buy a new house, there is almost no mortgage, because the sales department has all kinds of documents, and the bank will agree to the sales price of the real estate when it sees all the documents.
For the purchase of second-hand housing loans, the situation is slightly more complicated. The age of the house, the nature of the house, the ownership of the land and the location of the house may all affect the appraisal price of the appraisal company and naturally affect the access of the bank.
Summary: Although mortgage is a relatively loose loan variety, borrowers also need to meet the most basic conditions. These conditions are similar in all banks, but the degree of easing is different. For example, some banks require no more than 6 overdue times, and some banks require no more than 10 overdue times. It is not difficult to find the main points of bank approval and want to pass the preliminary examination.
The first thing to explain here is that mortgage is definitely the loosest loan among all bank loans. Why do you say that? Because buying a house is just needed by many people, and the loan period can reach 30 years at the longest, the review is relatively loose.
Question 1: How does the bank audit the borrower's information?
Answer: According to the information provided by the customer, such as ID card, household registration book and income certificate, you can directly know the borrower's information.
Question 2: Can they find all kinds of information about borrowers through the network or system?
Answer: Yes, first of all, the borrower's credit information depends on whether the borrower's debt and credit situation can meet the requirements of the loan. The court is the executor to inquire whether the customer has a criminal record. Banks have no right to inquire about other information unrelated to loans.
Question 3: Now the bank audit is more strict. What is the detailed internal process of bank audit?
Answer: the mortgage review is really loose. The process of all banks is almost the same.
Account Manager Survey-Reviewer Review-Authorized Person Approval-Reply to Registration
Question 4: How long will it take to get the loan?
A: If your own loan materials are good and the bank staff are not too busy, you can generally complete the loan approval in about 5 days. However, it is hard to say about the loan. Now the state controls the scale of mortgage, that is, whether your loan is approved or not, we have to wait for the loan amount. In our most extreme case, we have to wait five months before we can inform the loan amount.
First, the mortgage loan approval process
1. The loan applicant shall provide the payment application form and loan materials.
You need to prepare loan materials and loan application forms before applying for a mortgage. If you don't know what loan materials need to be prepared, you can consult the bank when you go to the bank to get the loan application form. Usually, the loan materials need proof of marital status, ID card, household registration book, income certificate, bank account and proof of spouse's identity. (It is best to consult by yourself, subject to the bank's reply)
2. Account Manager Input System
After the loan applicant provides the loan application form and loan materials to the bank account manager, the bank account manager needs to make a preliminary review of your materials to see if the materials you have prepared are complete. If they are not complete, they will ask you to be ready before applying.
Then, they will determine the repayment method and loan interest rate with you, and sign a power of attorney with you. Then, they will know your credit status through your personal credit report. Usually, if the personal credit information is seriously bad, they will directly refuse your loan, while those with slight overdue records will decide whether to give you access according to the loan situation of each bank.
After the account manager has passed the preliminary examination, they need to input your information into the system, scan and upload it. It may take a long time for them to enter your information into the system, because each account manager can't have only one customer, and each account manager may have to face dozens of customers at the same time.
After your credit materials are entered into the system, they will submit your credit materials from the system to the leaders for review.
3. Review by the Credit Department
After the account manager submits your materials from the system to the leader for review, your materials will enter the credit review department. At this time, the credit department will not conduct a detailed review of your personal qualifications. But they usually pay attention to whether your personal credit record is good or not and whether the documents submitted are complete.
4. Approver's approval
There will be a group of people in the bank who specialize in approving mortgages. They will duplicate the work of the censor. If they don't find any problems during the re-inspection, then your mortgage is basically approved.
5. Bank loans
After the approval, the account manager will inform you to go to the bank for face-to-face signing and handle other mortgage procedures. Then, you can go home and wait for the loan, and then you need to start paying the mortgage every month.
Second, how long does it usually take for a mortgage to be approved?
Perhaps this set of approval process will be different for different banks, but basically the overall process should be similar. As for how long this approval process will take, it depends on how many customers the account manager has and how long it will take to access the system. Of course, it also depends on the impact of national policies on banks. So, the exact time is really hard to say. If it is fast, it may be completed in a few days, and if it is slow, it may take months.
1, "loan-review separation" is the current review mechanism for mortgage loans by commercial banks. The account manager who signed the loan with you usually has no power to decide that your loan must be approved. He can decide whether to accept your loan application or not; Some customers, with good conditions or some connections, want more favorable interest rates. This account manager only has the right to suggest, and he has no authority to give you a loan discount; But he can report and apply step by step;
2. There are three main points to control the borrower's risk: 1, whether it is in line with local policies; In Nanjing, I already have a suite at home, so I can borrow money to buy another one (local household registration). Whether the original house has a loan and whether the loan has been settled determines how much down payment you have to pay; Your family already has five houses, so it is illegal to give you a loan to buy a house.
2. The borrower's credit; Banks will check the personal credit information system of the People's Bank of China, and the bank's credit information system will also have a score; You don't want to lend money to people with poor credit. Overdue credit reports are by no means simply forgotten. An experienced loan officer can restore your overdue to the scene at that time.
3. The borrower's income ability. For most people, a person's income is closely related to the work unit he serves. In addition to the income certificate issued by the unit, the loan officer will also review your running water. You can see your source of income and where you mainly spend your money in the running water of the bank. What industry, which company, what rank, how long you work, how much money you earn every month, there are many experienced loan officers; Examining these materials is just a comparison with the answers in his mind;
Hello, I'm Lan Lan. I'm glad to answer your question. How is the mortgage approved? How do banks inquire about the risks of borrowers? The specific process is as follows:
I. Credit report inquiry
When you apply for a housing loan, first of all, you should authorize the accepting bank to inquire about the power of attorney of personal credit report in the credit information system of the People's Bank of China, and the accepting bank should inquire about your credit information according to your power of attorney, mainly to inquire about your debts and bad records to see if it meets the most basic requirements of the loan, such as whether the loan or credit card is overdue within one year, the cumulative number of overdue times, more than 4 times (including 4 times) and so on. , and does not meet the loan conditions. For those who meet the most basic conditions, personal loan information is required.
Second, review the loan information.
The accepting bank examines the loan information provided by the borrower of personal housing mortgage loan, mainly including: ID card, household registration book, income certificate, bank flow, house purchase contract (the second-hand house should also provide the evaluation report provided by the bank access evaluation company), credit report, etc. First, the first trial, ID card and household registration book are mainly to review the authenticity and timeliness of the loan subject, income certificate and bank flow, mainly to review your repayment ability. In other words, the repayment ratio of all liabilities reflected in your credit report cannot exceed 50%. If the repayment ratio exceeds the upper limit, first, the borrower is required to provide proof of income other than the real income (which is not provided to the bank), or * * * borrowers and guarantors are added to ensure the safety of the loan.
Third, the examination and approval procedures.
After accepting the bank's preliminary examination of individual housing mortgage loan, it will be submitted to the review post for review. If there is no problem in the review, it will be submitted to the approval post for approval for up to 2 days. If problems are found in the audit, the preliminary examination will be required to re-examine the supplementary materials, which will prolong the time and directly affect the length of the loan audit. The average personal mortgage loan can take 2 to 3 days from acceptance to approval.
Fourth, loans.
After the loan was approved, it was released. Before lending money, you must first go through the mortgage procedures for personal mortgage loans, and you can lend money on the same day after mortgage registration is completed.
The above is the review, approval and lending process for accepting bank loans. For those who want to apply for personal housing mortgage loan business in the future and want to pass it quickly, the following suggestions are put forward:
First, check your credit report, master your credit information, and whether you can apply for a loan.
Second, measure your repayment ability, apply for a loan within your repayment ability, ensure repayment on time, and avoid loans overdue.
Three, provide complete, true and reliable loan information, in order to successfully pass the examination and approval.
That's my answer. I hope I can help you.
Anyone who has bought a house knows that in mortgage to buy a house, personal credit report, income certificate and bank running water are the basic materials for banks to approve mortgages. So how do banks check the risks of borrowers?
In fact, from a personal point of view, overdue repayment is not cost-effective. On the one hand, overdue repayment will have an impact on personal credit information, even in all aspects, and even affect children's schooling; In addition, after the deadline, the bank will take measures to recover the losses. So from the perspective of bad debt rate, mortgage is the safest for banks.
So how do banks control the risk of loans other than personal aspects?
First of all, personal credit report can explain personal performance ability to a great extent.
The credit report can reflect an individual's past performance ability, personal debt, work unit and whether there are legal disputes. Now the personal information reflected in the credit report is still very comprehensive and detailed.
Proof of income and bank flow. These two accounts are coordinated, and the income certificate can reflect the company name, official seal, position, income, etc. And the bank flow can reflect the individual's monthly income.
Business income certificate and bank running water can be packaged, but don't forget that the packaged things can be seen at a glance. For less risky customers, banks will turn a blind eye. For high-risk customers, even if the packaging is no better, they are likely to be refused loans.
In fact, in this era of big data, any information left by individuals on the Internet can be found.
Therefore, in the process of examination and approval, if there are high-risk customers, banks need customers to provide relevant asset certificates, and for some customers, they need to be borrowers.
So now the acceptance of bank loans is very strict and safe. For risk control, banks have special risk control. As a commercial organization, profitability is also very important.