1 problems existing in computer application of project management in construction enterprises
At present, the overall benefit of China's construction enterprises is not good, and the application of computers lags far behind other industries. Mainly used for budget estimation, CAD drawing, network planning, document management, etc. The software used mainly includes: Auto CAD, Project98, Magnum PERT, P3, Office, etc. These softwares can better assist the construction project management in a certain function and stage, but they often can't carry out comprehensive and whole-process management and can't integrate all functions. For example, magnum software can assist in the preparation of network plan, and constantly adjust the network plan as the plan changes in the implementation process, but various related documents in the process, such as contracts, meeting minutes, on-site records, instructions, etc. , cannot be directly related to the plan.
2 the overall idea of software development
In engineering projects, we take structural decomposition as the foundation and core work, input the work packages and sub-networks obtained from structural decomposition into the corresponding software, and then we can get the progress plan (crossing diagram and network diagram), and then we can get the grading plan, job plan, time plan, resource plan and cost plan through coding and screening; Through the description of the work package, the plan and task list are obtained, and the detailed implementation plan and quality assurance plan of the project are determined according to the work package until the task responsibility system of the project is established.
"CMIS" system is based on WBS and developed according to the above ideas. It is not to provide more information as the starting point, but to integrate all aspects of information and improve the efficiency of user information. At the same time, combined with the progress management of "Menglong" project management software, the information in construction project management is comprehensively managed and analyzed to help project managers manage information quickly, conveniently, safely and systematically.
"CMIS" is still located in Management Information System (MIS), that is, a computer-based system composed of people and computers, which has the functions of information processing, prediction, control and decision-making, including the collection, transmission, storage, processing, maintenance and use of management information. The service target is each project department specifically engaged in construction project management, helping the project manager to make decisions from the overall situation, helping various functional departments to obtain information, strengthening management and control, and taking into account the objectives of the whole project. The idea of integration is fully embodied in the software, and the workflow, logistics, capital flow and information flow of construction projects are combined, and various management functions and project organization are combined, which not only reflects the construction progress (schedule, cost and quality) but also controls and directs the implementation of the project. It is the nervous system that communicates and coordinates various management functions and management organizations. The software is developed by Delphi5 and linked to Delphi database. Operating systems based on Windows95 and above have no special requirements for hardware. Its main features are as follows:
The software runs stably and quickly, and can handle a large amount of data.
The integrity check and control of the data by the database are realized.
It has strong security and confidentiality performance;
Advanced software fault tolerance:
Support various query and statistical functions of data;
Friendly user interface, menu and window display, simple operation and good output interface.
3 The main functions of the software.
3.1"CMIS" displays the result data of WBS (Work Structure Decomposition) in a tree structure (Figure 2).
(1) adopts a tree structure, just like rotating a common structural decomposition diagram by 90 degrees, which not only vividly shows the internal hierarchy and ownership of the structural decomposition diagram, but also conforms to the directory format commonly used by computers;
(2) You can easily add or delete any part of the tree structure, just like operating a general directory;
(3) The software comes with a template library, which can call the project structure style stored in the library and automatically and quickly complete the structural decomposition of a similar project;
(4) According to the decomposed structure, through the site function of the software, the structural decomposition diagram of the whole project or a sub-project can be automatically generated;
(5) Each part of the tree structure corresponds to the relevant data in the database.
3.2 Automatic coding
We put forward the coding principle and coding system in the project "Research on Integrated Management of Large-scale Construction Projects Based on Computer Technology and WBS Method", which can search and count all kinds of information and data quickly and conveniently through coding. "CMIS" automatically generates various codes according to the results of WBS, including structure decomposition codes and information codes (see Figure 3), intelligently checks duplicate codes and makes real-time adjustments to ensure the uniqueness of codes. At present, we use the first letter of two or three Chinese characters as the code of this level. The code at this level consists of the code at the next level and the code at this level, which extends downward layer by layer. Of course, due to the ever-changing engineering situation, the software allows engineers to compile or modify the code manually.
3.3 Information integration
"CMIS" will collect the information of all sub-projects and sub-projects of the project from bidding to warranty, as well as all functions of construction project management (cost management, schedule management, quality management, etc.). ), including technology, technology, quality, time limit for a project, cost, labor, contract conditions, etc. , and according to the results of WBS (see Figure 4), input them into the corresponding work packages and project units in the computer for collection.
3.4 Comparative analysis of data
After the data collected on site are input into the system through the work package information card, the system will sort out the data and store it safely. According to the actual needs, various analysis and statistical charts (Figure 5) can be generated to help managers make decisions and give early warning of non-compliance with the plan.
3.5 User Classification Management
The system assigns user names and permissions according to the responsibility matrix formed by the project department (Figure 6). According to the user name and password when the user logs in, the system judges the user's level, grants corresponding permissions, and ensures data security. For example, quality management users can only browse, edit and modify their corresponding contents after logging in, while some other information is invisible, and some can only browse but not modify.
4 "CMIS-WBS" problem
Due to the limitation of time and resources, although our software has been used in some affiliated projects of Sun Palace, its development is still in the scientific research stage to a great extent, and there are still many problems to be solved.
4. Interface between1software
We hope to directly read the data generated by other software, especially the professional software developed at home and abroad that has been applied to a certain extent, such as budget estimation software and drawing software. This can: (1) ensure a single data source in the same project and reduce the probability of data error caused by manual input; (2) Users can choose professional software from different developers in the same project according to their needs, so as to maximize resources and efficiency; (3) Reduce the development cost. However, at present, domestic software is still fragmented, lacking interoperability, and it is difficult to standardize data. This problem is not only a technical problem, but also contains complex conflicts of interest, which is still a difficult problem in a short time.
4.2 Applicability of Software
"CMIS" is developed on the basis of research. At present, it is mainly suitable for integrated management of construction projects, and it also has certain requirements for project types, personnel quality, project management methods and concepts. However, WBS is the basic method of project management and the starting point of all kinds of project management. Therefore, the expansion space of CMIS software based on WBS method in the field of project management is still very broad.
1 conclusion
To sum up, "CMIS" is a modern management information system software developed by us in exploring a new mode of construction project management. The system has well realized the idea of integrated management and system design, and has been applied in practical projects. However, it will take a long time for the design concept of integrated management system for construction projects based on WBS method and the wide application of "CMIS" software in construction projects, which is exactly the direction we are striving for.
[References]
[1] Hu Cheng project management [M] Beijing: China Building Industry Press.
[2] Zhao Xiandi, Cai Yuquan. Practical Manual of Project Management: PMM Volume III-Project Computer Management [M]. Beijing: Sinopec Press.
[3] Design of Integrated Management System for Construction Projects Based on WBS Method in Hu Cheng [R] Project Report.
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