The State Water Management Department of the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources also has the Watershed Water Management Bureau (see Chapter II, Section III of this book). They are local institutions of the Ministry of Natural Resources, which exercise the national management function of water resources utilization and protection in the specified areas corresponding to water basins.
Brief history of forestry resources and water resources management institutions
1. Forestry resource management organization
1945 After the victory of the Great Patriotic War, 1947 established the Ministry of Forestry of the Russian Federation under the former Soviet Union (1953 revoked), 1948 adopted Stalin's forest protection and afforestation plan.
1957 to 1965, the forest was managed by the state economic commission, which led to excessive logging in the logging yard and reduced the forest value.
The Federal Forestry Department of the former Soviet Union was established in 1965, and Forestry Workers' Day was established in 1966.
In the early 1970s, the Forestry Department became a scientific research department.
At the beginning of 1990, forestry was privatized. Forest Law Foundation 1993 was passed, and then Forest Law 1997 was passed. Then the forestry management department changed again.
In June 2000, the Russian government decided to merge the State Forestry Administration and its local institutions into the system of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation.
2. Water resources management institutions
In the 1990s, Russia carried out reforms, so the water resources management institutions were constantly reorganized. The funds for scientific research and experimental design have been greatly reduced. The application of modern information technology and information transmission equipment in water resources management system is very slow. The technical condition of major water conservancy production facilities has deteriorated, the funding for renovation and overhaul of water conservancy facilities has decreased, the safety of use has decreased, and the maintenance cost of water conservancy facilities has increased, making the State Water Conservancy Bureau in an extremely difficult situation.
Figure 7-3 Organization charts of the Federal Water Resources Bureau and the Federal Forestry Bureau of the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources
Figure 7-4 Flowchart of Watershed Management
According to the Law on Ministries and Committees of the Russian Federation (July 2006 1990), the Ministry of Water Resources of the Russian Federation was abolished, the General Administration of Water Resources was established and merged into the newly established Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Russian Federation. The General Administration of Water Resources was changed to the Water Resources Committee of the Russian Federation in 1993. Water conservancy units were forced to shrink, and many subordinate departments ceased to exist.
1996, the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation was established on the basis of several ministries. At this time, the natural resources department includes the water conservancy department. 200 1 department was reorganized again.
Second, the current management institutions
On March 9, 2004, according to the order of Russian President Vladimir Putin "On the System and Institutions of Federal Power Organs", the Federal Water Resources Bureau under the Ministry of Natural Resources was established to this day. It is endowed with the functions of applying laws, providing national services and managing property in the field of water resources. The establishment of Water Conservancy Bureau broke the isolation of national water resources management. The federal water resources bureau has full authority to implement the federal water tax from June 65438+1 October 20051,which greatly increased the cost of implementing the water task. In February 2005, the government of the Russian Federation submitted a new draft water law to the State Duma.
See Figure 7-3 for the organizations of the Federal Water Resources Bureau and the Federal Forestry Bureau of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation.
Figure 7-4 illustrates the river basin management process by taking the joint-stock company in Volga as an example.