First, the value form of project cost information
According to different classification purposes and methods, the value forms of engineering cost information can be classified. Generally speaking, project cost information has two forms of value: value and utilization value.
1. Value of project cost information
Generally speaking, the value of project cost information has both absolute value and relative value. The absolute value of project cost information refers to social value. For any member of society, whether he understands it or not, whether he needs it or not, whether he agrees or disagrees with its information content, whether the information content conforms to his worldview or not, and whether time passes or not, the value of some engineering cost information is absolute. This is because human society has a certain evaluation mechanism for project cost information. Although humans have not fully studied this evaluation mechanism, we do know this evaluation mechanism. The relative value of engineering cost information means that each kind of engineering cost information shows different importance due to different needs and understandings of users. In the project cost management activities of project construction, different organizations have their own specific work objectives, nature, scope and tasks. Even because everyone has different interests and habits, they have different requirements for project cost information at work. The same project cost information is of different value to different people. For every project cost manager, he has a certain purpose to obtain and use project cost information. The project cost information that he can directly use to help him achieve his goal is considered to be the most important, while other information will be discarded regardless of its social value. In this sense, the value of project cost information is relative.
2. The use value of project cost information
The utilization value of engineering cost information refers to the actual utility of engineering cost information directly used to meet a certain demand, and is the value generated by users in the process of using engineering cost information to achieve their expected goals. The utilization value of engineering cost information should not be limited to the general value attribute, but should be analyzed from all the functions that engineering cost information may have. The utilization value of engineering cost information is reflected by its function. In the project cost management activities, different projects have different functions of using project cost information. The utilization value of project cost information consists of many factors, including the content, transmission and utilization of project cost information.
The content of project cost information is the basis of its utilization value, which is explained by reliability, novelty, extensiveness and detail. The reliability of engineering cost information refers to the authenticity and scientific degree of engineering cost information, which should objectively reflect the phenomenon of engineering cost management activities and reveal the essence and law of engineering cost management activities. The greater the reliability of project cost information, the greater its utilization value, and the reliability is directly proportional to the utilization value. The novelty of engineering cost information refers to its new content and strong timeliness. According to the value and movement law of project cost, only novel project cost information can be used in the process of project cost management activities. The breadth of project cost information refers to the breadth and depth of its content. The wider and deeper the professional scope of its content, the greater the user value. The degree of detail of project cost information refers to the degree to which it grasps the amount of project cost information. The more detailed the project cost information, the more information will be obtained in the process of project cost management activities, so that people can make better use of the project cost information and control the project cost at all stages of project construction. In a word, the content of project cost information is the internal cause and decisive factor of its utilization value.
The transmission status of engineering cost information refers to the transmission effect of engineering cost information. Including the timeliness, pertinence, completeness and systematicness of providing project cost information. Engineering cost information is dynamic, and grasping the opportunity to transmit engineering cost information can often play a good role. Especially in today's information society, timely and reliable information is the basis of project cost management activities. Only by grasping the rhythm and transmitting the project cost information in time can the value of the project cost information be truly realized. Therefore, the more timely the project cost information is transmitted, the more fully its use value will be exerted. In the construction of engineering projects, engineering cost information is everywhere, and users' demand for information is always specific and concrete. Only with strong pertinence can the value of project cost information corresponding to the information demand of project cost management activities be realized. In order to achieve good results in all stages of project cost management, it is necessary to have complete, systematic and comprehensive information, so as to grasp the essence and law of the problem. Therefore, the more complete and systematic the project cost information transmission is, the more beneficial it is to its value. In a word, the timeliness, pertinence, completeness and systematicness of providing project cost information are the main factors that constitute the transmission effect of project cost information, and also the conditions and laws for the utilization value of project cost information to play.
The use of project cost information refers to the user's own situation, including his professional status, professional level and quality, as well as his ability to identify, understand, digest and use the content of project cost information. These determine whether the project cost information can play a role in the whole project cost management process and whether the utilization value of the project cost information can be fully realized. Under the condition that the content of project cost information is the best and the transmission effect is the best, its use value depends entirely on the ability of project cost information users to identify, understand and digest project cost information and the direct purpose of project cost management. Therefore, the status of users of engineering cost information is also an important factor affecting the utilization value of engineering cost information.
Second, the influencing factors of evaluating the information value of project cost
The above analysis of the value forms of engineering cost information shows that as an objective existence, the value of various forms of engineering cost information shows its inherent attributes and is not transferred by human will. However, as an object relative to human beings, the value of various forms of project cost information is always expressed through human evaluation. The so-called evaluation refers to the behavior of measuring the attributes of the object system according to the determined goals and transforming these attributes into objective quantitative values or subjective utility. In other words, evaluation is an evaluation of something. When evaluating the information value of project cost, it is often influenced by many factors, as follows:
1. Subjective factors
Subjective factors include values, moral concepts, psychological activities and other factors. Because people are the subject and object of evaluating project cost information, human subjective factors will inevitably affect the evaluation results. Humans have a tendency to adapt to various information environments. People living in the increasingly complex information society environment must adapt to the environment, otherwise they cannot survive and develop, which is the basic viewpoint of evolution. Adapting to the needs of various information environments can not only enable people to develop various information functions, but also enable people to have moderately satisfying behavior characteristics. That is to say, in the project cost management activities of engineering construction, the project cost management workers do not seek to fully grasp all the information related to solving the project cost problem, but only hope to obtain the key project cost information needed by the project cost at various stages in order to obtain a satisfactory solution to the project cost problem. Satisfaction depends on people's subjective ability and the project cost information obtained. For example, a budgeter's social class is different from the organization of engineering construction, and his pursuit of the use value of engineering cost information is also different. From the feasibility study to the final accounts of the project, due to the similarities and differences of the organization and the different needs of each stage, paying attention to the value of the project cost information enables the budget officer to concentrate most of his information skills on the most important information for him at present; Different budget personnel's occupation, ideological realm, cultural accomplishment and moral behavior will lead to different acceptable value evaluation methods and standards, and different starting points for evaluating the information value of project cost. Even if the utility capacity is the same or basically the same, due to the differences in understanding angle, consumption concept, psychological activities and other factors, the evaluation of the information value of project cost will produce completely different results.
The process of information perception, acceptance, processing, processing, storage, dissemination and utilization is the process of information selection, which runs through human information activities from beginning to end. With the rapid change of information society and the sharp increase of information, people are more and more influenced by information, and the pressure of information selection is increasing. The value of information has become an increasingly important selection criterion. Because people's subjective factors are relatively unstable and may change greatly in a short time, the impact on the evaluation of project cost information value is not lasting, which also makes the evaluation of project cost information value produce a certain gray level. Therefore, when evaluating the information value of project cost, we should try our best to eliminate the differences, instability and uncertainty caused by subjective factors, so as to make the evaluation results as objective and reasonable as possible. Due to the difference of subjective factors, the use of engineering cost information with the same value will produce different effects.
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