Preparation before pregnancy 1: folic acid supplement
Even if you have a balanced diet, it is difficult to ensure that you can get all the necessary nutrients from it. Folic acid deficiency is widespread among women of childbearing age in China and should be paid full attention to. You can buy folic acid supplements (or folic acid tablets) in pharmacies, and you can also take special multivitamins during pregnancy. However, it should be noted that if it is a multivitamin, it is necessary to ensure that its vitamin A content does not exceed the daily allowable retinol equivalent (RAE) of 0.77 mg (2,565 international units), unless it exists in the form of beta carotene, because excessive intake of vitamin A may lead to neonatal defects. If you are not sure which to eat, you must consult your doctor first.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 2: Say goodbye to alcohol, tobacco and drugs
If you smoke or take drugs, please stop as soon as possible. A large number of studies show that smoking and drugs can lead to miscarriage, premature delivery and low birth weight. In addition, studies also show that smoking may affect reproductive capacity and male sperm count. In fact, even secondhand smoke can affect your chances of getting pregnant. Experts suggest that expectant mothers should avoid drinking alcohol during pregnancy, so it is best to reduce alcohol consumption before pregnancy, especially in the last two weeks of menstrual cycle, in case you get pregnant at this time.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 3: refuse caffeine
Studies have shown that excessive caffeine intake will hinder the absorption of iron and increase the risk of fetal death in utero. Therefore, it is best to quit caffeinated drinks such as coffee, tea and cola. But when you quit, you should pay attention to step by step, and don't quit completely at once to avoid a headache. If you are really addicted, limit yourself to only one drink a day, which is recognized as the safety limit by most experts.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 4: weight control
If your weight is within the normal range, your chances of getting pregnant will be higher. Studies have shown that women with body mass index (BMI) below 20 or above 30 are less likely to get pregnant. Therefore, it is best to control your body mass index between 20 and 30 before pregnancy. Test your body mass index now.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 5: Choose healthy food.
Choosing healthy food from now on can reserve beneficial nutrition for the future baby's rearing environment. Eat as many fruits and vegetables as possible every day, lots of grains and foods rich in calcium, such as milk and yogurt. However, if you like eating fish very much, you should pay attention to the high mercury content in oily fish such as sharks, swordfish and mackerel (mercury usually exists in fish in the form of methylmercury), and intake of a large amount of methylmercury is harmful to the development of fetal brain. So, don't eat this fish more than twice a week.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 6: Make and stick to the fitness plan.
According to the American Sports Medicine Association, a healthy fitness plan includes: 1) aerobic exercise for 20-60 minutes every day for 3-5 days a week, such as walking or cycling; 2) Muscle strengthening training, such as strength equipment training, 2-3 days a week; 3) Flexibility exercise for 2 ~ 3 days a week, such as daily stretching and yoga.
But if you don't like sports, you should start your fitness program step by step. Start with some relaxing activities, such as walking 10 ~ 20 minutes every day, or add some exercise in daily life, such as climbing stairs instead of taking the elevator, or get off one or two stops in advance and then walk.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 7: "Dating" with the dentist
While fully preparing for the future baby, don't forget your oral health care. More and more evidence shows that periodontal disease (bacterial infection affecting gum and periodontal bone tissue) may lead to premature delivery and low birth weight. In fact, a large study found that the probability of premature delivery of pregnant women with periodontal disease may increase by seven times. Another study shows that gum disease increases the risk of pregnant women suffering from preeclampsia, which is a pregnancy complication characterized by hypertension, water retention and proteinuria.
To make matters worse, hormonal changes during pregnancy can easily induce "gingivitis during pregnancy". After the levels of progesterone and estrogen increase, gums may react differently to bacterial stimulation in dental plaque, resulting in swelling, bleeding and pain. If you pay attention to dental health before pregnancy, you can effectively reduce the risk of dental disease during pregnancy.
Therefore, you should go to the dental department for a thorough oral examination and necessary treatment within 6 months before pregnancy, wash your teeth once, and receive health guidance from the dentist to ensure the health of your teeth during pregnancy, so as to avoid future troubles.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 8: check the family health history.
You and your husband can call their parents and other relatives to find out the situation. The key point is whether anyone in your family suffers from genetic or chromosomal variation diseases, such as Down syndrome, mental retardation, congenital birth defects and so on. When you go for a pre-pregnancy check-up, the doctor will also ask this question to determine whether you need a genetic test.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 9: Do a pre-pregnancy examination.
Pre-pregnancy examination can help you find abnormalities before pregnancy, treat and avoid potential problems in time, adjust your body and mind to the best state, get pregnant in a planned way under the guidance of a doctor, reduce your baby's birth defects, and spend the pregnancy and delivery period safely.
If you don't have a pre-marital examination, the role of pre-pregnancy examination is even greater.
Preparation before pregnancy 10: Calculate the ovulation date.
Having sex around ovulation day can increase your chances of getting pregnant. You can use our ovulation calculator to calculate your ovulation date, and you can also calculate ovulation by tracking the changes of basal body temperature and cervical mucus. During the period from menstruation to ovulation, your body temperature will be lower. When ovulation begins, the body temperature will rise rapidly by about 0.3 ~ 0.5℃, and cervical mucus secretion will become vigorous.
Preparation before pregnancy 1 1: Understand maternity insurance and maternity expenses.
Different regions have different maternity insurance policies. Taking Beijing as an example, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security stipulates that,
The Social Security Center officially implemented the maternity insurance policy from July 2005 1. As long as you have a Beijing work residence permit, you can enjoy Beijing maternity insurance benefits. Maternity insurance medical expenses payment standard is:
The limit of prenatal examination fee before the weekend of pregnancy 1 ~ 12 is 520 yuan; The limit of prenatal examination fee before the weekend of pregnancy 1 ~ 27 is 850 yuan; The limit of prenatal examination fee from pregnancy to delivery is 1400 yuan. The norm of medical expenses for natural delivery is 1900 yuan (a tertiary hospital), and that for caesarean section is 3,800 yuan (a tertiary hospital).
In addition, if you feel that there is a need for insurance during pregnancy, then the pregnancy preparation stage is the best stage for you to invest in insurance. Because the risk probability of pregnant women is much higher than that of normal people, the requirements of insurance companies for pregnant women are relatively strict at present. Generally, after 28 weeks of pregnancy, the insurance company will not accept it and ask for an extension to 8 weeks after delivery.
However, if you are insured at the stage of preparing for pregnancy, you can apply for female health insurance, which can protect the diseases during pregnancy and protect the risks during childbirth. However, it should be reminded that this kind of insurance generally has a waiting period of 90 ~ 180 days or even longer. If an insurance accident occurs during the waiting period, the insurance company will not settle the claim.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 12: make financial preparations.
How much does it cost from when you are ready to get pregnant to when the baby grows up and becomes independent? This may be a number that you dare not face. So take preventive measures now, consult professional financial experts and see what investments you can choose now. You can also see in advance how the mothers in the nursery think about this problem.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 13: keep a healthy mind.
Experts point out that women's fertility is half lower than normal when they are depressed.
If you or your family members have a history of depression, or you feel that you have signs of depression, such as losing interest in what you used to like to do, loss of appetite, poor sleep and so on. , you can consult a psychologist or psychiatrist. If you need to take medicine, the doctor will help you choose antidepressants that can be taken safely before and during pregnancy. You can also try other ways to reduce stress, such as yoga and meditation. The survey shows that these methods are also beneficial to improve your mood.
Preparation before pregnancy 14: Avoid virus and bacterial infection.
It is very important to avoid infections during pregnancy, especially those that may harm future babies. Pay attention to hygiene in diet, separate raw food from cooked food, and don't eat spoiled food.
Try not to buy food that does not meet hygiene standards or eat in restaurants or food stalls without quality assurance. Don't eat raw meat and undercooked fish and poultry. These foods may infect you with listeriosis, a food-borne infection that may lead to miscarriage or stillbirth. Raw fish, especially raw shellfish, may contain harmful microorganisms, so it is best not to eat them. .
Pay attention to wash your hands frequently, control the temperature in the cold storage room between 2 ~ 4℃ and the temperature in the freezing room below-18℃ to prevent food from going bad. In addition, if you need to change cat litter or do gardening, you'd better wear gloves to avoid Toxoplasma gondii and other infectious diseases that endanger fetal development.
Preparation before pregnancy 15: Stay away from unsafe environment.
Some jobs are dangerous to pregnant women and fetuses. If your job requires frequent contact with chemicals and radioactive substances, you'd better be able to change or leave this environment. Also, remember that some detergents, pesticides and solvents may be harmful to fetal development. If you are not sure about your living and working environment, you must consult a doctor.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 16: Life events, take a long-term view.
Before you decide to have children, you and your partner should consider what you are going to face and whether you are ready to take on this responsibility. The following questions will help you re-examine your decision to have children:
6? 1 Are you both willing to have children?
6? 1 Are you all willing to sacrifice your rest and entertainment time for your baby?
6? 1 Do you agree with the way of raising children?
6? 1 Have you considered who will take care of the children in the future and how to coordinate the relationship between work and family?
Preparation before pregnancy 17: Share with a friend.
Although the process of giving birth to a baby will be a wonderful time beyond imagination, you will inevitably have stress and bad emotions during this journey. So besides a close lover, a soul mate can also help you overcome the difficulties and turning points you are about to face. Getting support and comfort from friends when you have morning sickness and are depressed will make you feel particularly warm. Looking forward to the future life with friends and imagining the happy scene of giving birth to a lovely baby will also make people feel very interesting.
Pre-pregnancy preparation 18: creating interest for "making babies"
Some experts believe that if women reach orgasm during sex, it will help to increase the pregnancy rate. Another way of saying this is that there is no necessary connection between the two. Although this view is still inconclusive, why should we miss this wonderful moment? Buy a sexy underwear, or light a dim candle in the room and buy some special aromatic massage oil. This is not only harmless, but may also help to eliminate some couples' sense of form of "having sex for pregnancy".
Preparation before pregnancy 19: Say goodbye to contraception.
If you used contraception before, you should stop it now in order to have a baby. If you are using condoms or vaginal diaphragms, please stop using them immediately. However, if you have been taking oral contraceptives, it is best to get pregnant after stopping taking them for at least one normal menstrual cycle. This principle also applies to women who use contraceptive patches and intrauterine devices. Need to remind you that it may take several months to restore the regularity of menstrual cycle, but many women recover their fertility in the first month after stopping taking drugs.
If hormonal injection is used for contraception, even if menstruation can be recovered in advance after stopping taking the drug, it will take one year to wait, and it is better to get pregnant after ovulation again.
After you stop contraception, you can start recording your menstrual cycle, which will help you master your own menstrual cycle. Mark the specific dates of the beginning and end of menstruation on the calendar on time, or circle the dates of menstruation. This will help obstetricians determine your pregnancy date and plan prenatal projects for the first three months.
Pre-pregnancy preparation # 20: Enjoy your last time.
Being a mother will really put you into another state of life, so if you like exciting games, go crazy for the last time now, and soon it will be difficult for you to enjoy them again.