First, the definition of defensive driving.
During driving, drivers can accurately "foresee" the dangers brought by other drivers, pedestrians, bad weather or road conditions, and take necessary, reasonable and effective measures in time to prevent accidents. This driving mode that can avoid danger is defensive driving technology.
Second, two goals of defensive driving.
First of all, don't make mistakes when driving, and ensure that your vehicle will not cause active traffic accidents; Secondly, when others make mistakes, they will not be involved, which means that passive traffic accidents will not happen.
I often hear about traffic accidents. The causes of traffic accidents are extensive and profound, but to sum up, there are three main factors.
1) low predictability, human error: fatigue driving, drunk driving, etc. 85%, mechanical defects: brake failure, etc. 10%.
2) Factors with low avoidability and environmental force majeure, such as sudden collapse of bridges and 5% landslides. As long as 95% of the factors are overcome, the accident will be minimized.
3) Low consciousness, high negligence, and eight human errors: lack of self-care ability, lack of action time, lack of self-adjustment ability, lack of escape space, lack of overall concept, lack of full communication, lack of improvisation and lack of necessary training.
By improving the ability to identify potential danger points while driving and cultivating the habit of defensive driving, the accident factors with low predictability can be reduced. By observing clearly, choosing a safe and reasonable speed, ensuring safe driving and standardizing prevention, the accident factors with low avoidability can be reduced. Strictly observing the operating rules can reduce the accident factors of "low consciousness and high negligence". Reduce the risk factors and the accident will stay away from us.
Third, the drive type.
It can be divided into three types: offensive, defensive (safe) and mediocre (novice). According to the survey, the types of foreign drivers are as follows: aggressive 10%, defensive 80%, mediocre 10%. The distribution of drivers in China is 60% offensive, 65,438+00% defensive and 30% mediocre. Attacking drivers is characterized by high speed, rampage, frequent lane changes and many braking times. Type A defensive driving is characterized by obeying the law and the appropriate speed. The characteristics of mediocre drivers are that they can't walk, stop and drive irregularly.
Defensive driving is the concept and scientific method of safe driving. When driving, we should firmly grasp the six elements of defensive driving:
1. Observe clearly
Sometimes you will be careless when driving. If you don't see the road clearly, an accident may happen. Many accidents are driven too fast at night. As a result, all of a sudden, there are cars, people and things ahead. At this time, most of them directly hit or avoid rollover, causing serious traffic accidents. Careful observation is the first important driving method. If you don't observe clearly in time and comprehensively, or if you don't observe clearly, don't drive easily.
2. Identify the danger and judge quickly and correctly.
It is necessary to identify and judge the potential dangerous points on the pavement, make correct decisions immediately and adjust the speed. A super evil society means choosing danger. Obviously there is an intersection ahead, but there is no response, no deceleration and braking. Of course, accidents can happen.
3. Obey the traffic rules. Accidents are easy to happen when driving or changing lanes. The traffic rules tell us:
First, you are not allowed to change lanes at will.
Second, give way when turning. Many people have casual personalities and habits, and it is dangerous to drive, turn and change lanes. Turn on the turn signal in advance before turning, observe for a while, look in the rearview mirror, observe clearly from front to back, from left to right, then whistle, then turn gently, and pay attention to avoid. In addition, it is extremely dangerous to violate traffic laws and regulations, such as fatigue driving, drunk driving, speeding and overloading. We should get rid of these bad driving habits and obey the traffic rules. 4. Keep a safe distance.
Under the same road conditions, when the speed is fast, the surrounding safe vacancies will be small and unsafe; When the speed is slow, I feel safe, empty and safe. Therefore, whether it is safe or not is entirely the driver's choice. To slow down is to actively create a safe and empty room. Slow down and you can react quickly when you are in danger. Don't get in the way when driving, try to get out of the way.
5. Comprehensive prevention in advance
Driving should be good at finding problems and preventing them in advance. Encounter various situations, such as a hidden intersection on the roadside ahead; On a road that is not too wide, there are bicycles and pedestrians driving in the same direction on the roadside; Or where the line of sight is blocked, five points should be used to prevent it: slow down, whistle ahead of time, keep a safe distance, pay attention to observation and be ready to stop at any time. Sometimes, if whistling is not appropriate, then the speed is slower. In short, preventive measures must be in place!
6. Speed should be safe.
In fact, most experts drive very slowly. The experience of the old master tells us that choosing slowly is choosing safety. What's the hurry? As the saying goes, there is nothing urgent in the world. The purpose of defensive driving is to ensure the safety of vehicle speed.
Million car purchase subsidy