1 the concept of building energy saving and building engineering cost
1. 1 building energy efficiency
Building energy efficiency refers to the use of energy-saving technologies, energy-saving processes, energy-saving equipment, energy-saving materials and energy-saving products in the process of building engineering planning, building design, building construction and building use. To improve the thermal insulation performance of buildings, the heating and heating efficiency of air conditioners, and at the same time improve the operation management of building energy systems, and use renewable energy to increase indoor and outdoor energy exchange thermal resistance, thus reducing the supply of heating systems, lighting, air conditioners and hot water.
1.2 project cost
Construction project cost refers to the expenses incurred in the process of building construction, that is, the expenses used in the whole process from the preparation of the building to the completion and acceptance of the construction project.
2 the relationship between building energy efficiency and project cost
2. 1 Their basic goals are the same.
Building energy efficiency is to give full play to the use effect of building structural energy, reduce building energy consumption, reduce environmental pollution, and create maximum economic benefits with minimum energy consumption cost under the background of increasing resource demand. Project cost management is to create the greatest economic benefits of the construction industry by using scientific management models and methods under the premise of ensuring the quality of the construction. It can be seen that the goal of building energy conservation and project cost management is the same, that is, to obtain the maximum economic benefits.
2.2 Building energy-saving technology points out the requirements and ideas for project cost management.
The concept of building energy efficiency has not been put forward for a long time, and so has the project cost management. In the development of building energy efficiency, new requirements and new ideas are usually put forward for project cost management. Building energy conservation involves many new projects, new technologies and new equipment. , which requires project cost management to follow up the changes.
3 the significance of construction project cost management to building energy saving
Building energy conservation can not be separated from fine construction project cost management. How to minimize energy consumption in the implementation of building energy-saving projects has a certain impact on the quality of project cost management, which is embodied in the following aspects: ① Energy-saving buildings and project costs are closely related to the saving of energy, water and materials and technical content. Whether using new materials, new equipment and new technology, it is necessary to analyze and study the project cost to meet the construction requirements of energy-saving buildings. (2) Building energy efficiency includes new materials, new equipment and new technologies, which require more funds and put forward higher requirements for construction project cost management.
4 building energy-saving cost control content
According to the life cycle cost management of energy-saving buildings, cost control is divided into the following five stages.
4. 1 resolution stage
Discuss and demonstrate the cost of energy-saving building project in the decision-making stage of capital contribution budget, formulate more accurate cost, and check the project budget at the same time to ensure that the construction stage does not exceed the planned control amount.
4.2 Planning stage
Building energy-saving projects have entered the planning stage, and the specific measures for project implementation have also been done well. The work at this stage has a great impact on the cost of the construction project.
4.3 Construction stage
The cost control of building construction is a dynamic management process, which directly affects the whole project cost and is also the key to whether the construction unit can obtain economic benefits from it. In the construction cost control, strictly control the quality and dosage of energy-saving materials, and at the same time master the quotations of material suppliers.
4.4 Operation and maintenance stage
The formal operation and maintenance stage of the construction project is also the economic benefit recovery stage of the investor. On the premise of achieving the goal of energy saving and emission reduction, a reasonable operation and maintenance plan is formulated, and the facilities and equipment that have been put into operation are managed in a unified and comprehensive way by using scientific management means and maintenance technology.
4.5 Demolition and transformation stage
The cost of building demolition and reconstruction is mainly on waste residue treatment and recycling. In many construction waste residues, wood and non-ferrous metals account for as much as 3/4 of the total, so there is a lot of room for recycling, and the planning and construction of energy-saving buildings adopt environmentally friendly materials, so the cost of recycling construction waste residues is low.
5 technologies and measures to realize building energy saving
The main goal of energy-saving building engineering is to maximize the energy utilization rate and obtain the maximum economic benefits with the minimum energy consumption and existing resources. To realize building energy saving, on the one hand, we should develop energy-saving materials and renewable energy to reduce energy consumption, on the other hand, we should improve the efficiency of energy-using system to minimize terminal energy consumption. At present, the interest rate of building resources in China is low, which must be improved from the following aspects:
5. 1 building energy-saving related technologies
The following technologies are adopted for building energy conservation: ① enhancing the thermal insulation performance of building structures such as external walls, roofs, doors and windows; (2) Reduce the energy consumption of refrigeration, lighting and other facilities; ③ Developing and utilizing new energy sources. Although taking the above measures in building energy saving may lead to the increase of building cost, especially in the roof, external wall and doors and windows of buildings, the cost of energy-saving buildings is about 10% more than that of non-energy-saving buildings. However, related research shows that the building cost will decrease continuously when the building is above six floors, so the increased cost of energy-saving buildings will not be very high, which not only improves people's living environment, but also saves people's living and use costs.
5.2 Measures to realize building energy saving
5.2. 1 Establish the management concept of "whole process cost". The whole process cost refers to the sum of building construction cost, daily maintenance and operation within the effective service life of the building and consumption cost. From the definition of the whole process cost, it can be seen that the cost of energy-saving buildings consists of construction cost and use cost. The whole life of a building is divided into construction period and use period. In this sense, the current cost management mechanism is no longer applicable to energy-saving buildings. Today's project cost management must establish the concept of whole process cost, update energy-saving technology in time, and make the project cost open and transparent. 5.2.2 Establish a new energy-saving construction project cost system. After establishing the concept of the whole process cost in the construction project cost, we began to reform the cost content of energy-saving buildings, improve the list of expenses needed in building energy-saving measures, bring it into the construction project cost system, and establish the corresponding cost management mechanism. At the same time, energy-saving materials and technologies should be suitable for local energy-saving buildings, actively promote some applicable energy-saving materials, equipment and technologies, and establish an energy-saving economic system suitable for local buildings. 5.2.3 Improve the cost management level of energy-saving construction projects. In the cost management of energy-saving building projects, we should first improve the service consciousness, and then make some improvements in the management mode. At the same time, a platform for interaction and supervision of cost information in the whole process, especially among architectural design, project supervision, project cost and energy-saving material suppliers, has been established, and it has changed from post supervision to ex ante control. However, the local government should rely on its own influence to publicize energy-saving materials, equipment and technology, build an economic system suitable for local energy-saving buildings, and change passive management into active service.
6 abstract
Building energy conservation meets the requirements of China's social sustainable development strategy and is also an important measure to achieve the national energy conservation and emission reduction goals. At present, energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the most basic and important requirements of the construction industry in China. Implementing comprehensive energy conservation and emission reduction in the construction industry can promote people to establish energy crisis awareness, improve resource utilization rate and alleviate the contradiction between energy resource shortage and economic development in China. In the energy-saving building industry, it is necessary to optimize the allocation of existing resources, improve the utilization rate of building resources, establish the concept of life-cycle cost management of energy-saving buildings, actively promote energy-saving materials and equipment and energy-saving technologies, give full play to the great role of the new project cost management concept of energy-saving buildings in China's energy-saving and emission-reduction projects, actively develop and utilize new renewable energy sources, vigorously promote the construction of low-carbon cities, and realize the harmonious development between man and nature.
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