Attach importance to understanding the growth and development history of customers or speakers, and attach importance to their diagnosis and case analysis. In the whole consultation process, we should also pay attention to the cooperation between the consultant and the client, and provide information and help according to the needs of the consultant. When necessary, make suggestions directly to customers. Williamson is an important representative of this school. Through long-term practice, he divided the process of career counseling into six steps:
The first is analysis. Collect and analyze customers' attitudes, interests, family background, educational background and ability tendency through subjective and objective methods.
The second is integration. Case study method is used to sort out and summarize the obtained information and highlight the main characteristics of consulting customers.
The third is diagnosis. Compare the customer's personal situation with professional factors to find out the existing problems.
The fourth is foresight. According to the diagnosis results, make predictions to help customers choose action plans or adjust their career plans.
The fifth is consultation. Answer customers' questions to help them understand themselves, their careers and their choice criteria, and discuss with them how to achieve their goals.
Sixth, repetition. When new problems appear, repeat the above five steps.
Customer center consulting mode
The assumption of this consulting model is that if the interviewees or clients of consulting services can get the greatest psychological satisfaction, they can solve their own problems in job hunting and career selection, so they will not bring all the problems to the consultants. Therefore, the counselor of this school particularly emphasizes that both parties can understand and accept each other during the consultation process, and requires a harmonious communication atmosphere. They also believe that it is not necessary to provide professional information to customers of consulting services on their own initiative. Therefore, when conducting career counseling, we should follow the following principles: First, we should provide career information to clients only if they voluntarily request it. Secondly, consultants should not use professional information to manipulate and influence clients to make decisions, but should encourage them to obtain professional information from various publications, employers and employees to increase their sense of responsibility and give play to their creative spirit. Third, in the process of consultation, the parties are allowed to express their feelings about a certain profession, and these feelings are "therapeutic". Generally speaking, this inquiry mode pays attention to the mood and questions raised by the interviewee or visitor at that time, while ignoring the understanding, diagnosis and specific suggestions of other related situations. Therefore, limited to this negotiation mode, the whole negotiation process will become a relatively simple process of conversation and discussion between the two sides, without certain procedures.
Psychological dynamic counseling mode
Based on psychoanalytic theory, this model focuses on the analysis of people's psychological motives, needs and potential career desires, and emphasizes that consultants should find out the root of consulting clients' decision-making, that is, what kind of internal motives are used to make decisions, rather than just analyzing general interests, attitudes and other factors. After finding this internal source, we will test and diagnose them by various means to understand their various quality characteristics. On the premise of demanding a high degree of consistency between individuals and occupations, it is suggested that the clients of consulting services choose which occupation.
Development consulting model
This model requires consultants to predict what actions customers can take in the future to find jobs and choose jobs from the perspective of development according to their performance and what these performances will mean. This school believes that people have both reason and emotion. Consultants should provide opportunities for clients to express these two aspects. For example, you can ask them questions such as "What I think I am", "What I like to be", "What are my values and needs" and "What are the ways to meet my values, needs and interests". Let them answer these questions again. Only after their full performance can they get guidance and help.
Behaviorism consulting model
This model attaches importance to the reaction sensitivity and learning psychology of the parties, and focuses on analyzing their reactions to the environment, thus determining their intentions and strength. Then it is to understand and analyze the behavioral weaknesses of the parties. Then it suggests how to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses in behavior, what knowledge and skills should be learned, and guide the clients to solve the problems encountered in the process of job hunting and job selection, so as to help them achieve their career goals.
Compromise consulting mode
What mode, way and method should be adopted in the process of implementing vocational counseling? This school advocates eclecticism. It is believed that only by learning from each other's strengths according to the specific situation can vocational counseling produce better results. Therefore, the school advocates that consultants should not only establish a good cooperative relationship with the clients, but also let the respondents explore themselves, evaluate their problems and give other help and guidance. To do all this, it is essential to know the clients of consulting services in many ways, make diagnosis, forecast and make suggestions.