Summary of construction control of building HVAC engineering
1, the concept and importance of HVAC construction quality
HVAC engineering is a subsidiary project of civil engineering or structure, and its installation quality is directly related to the normal use function of the building. It plays an important role in people's lives. Poor construction quality control will leave hidden dangers to the later quality, bring great trouble to the later maintenance, and also affect the reputation of the construction unit. No matter from which angle, we must attach importance to quality control.
2, strengthen preparation, control the partial project.
Be familiar with the drawings, and make clear the design intention, structural characteristics, quality requirements and related matters needing attention in the drawings. Ensure that the construction is carried out according to the drawings. It is particularly important to control all kinds of sub-projects, and to control the dialectical contradiction between the quality inspection of building materials, the quality of construction personnel and the construction progress.
3, strengthen the control of the engineering installation stage.
Establish and improve the construction system. Strengthen the technical disclosure, material control, construction technology and method control, mechanical equipment control, construction process quality control, finished product protection, etc. It is necessary to strictly require design and construction units to make technical disclosure for different types of work at different stages. Construction personnel must hold relevant certificates to prevent inexperienced teams from entering the site for construction. Arrange the construction progress reasonably to ensure the construction quality and safety.
4, project acceptance stage
The project acceptance must comply with the relevant provisions of the Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Building Water Supply, Drainage and Heating Engineering, and ensure that the installation of HVAC engineering meets the relevant design requirements. Quality problems must be dealt with as soon as possible.
Second, the building HVAC installation engineering process and construction points
1, manufacture and installation of support
Brackets play the role of fixing and supporting pipes in HVAC systems, which are rarely stipulated in various specifications. Only the designer sets the specific position according to the need, and selects the compensator according to the thermal expansion and cold contraction of the absorption pipe and the pipe diameter. Because designers don't pay attention to this point, there are often problems of missing and wrong paintings. When manufacturing and installing the support, attention should be paid to whether the specifications of the suspenders and section steel used are qualified, so as to ensure that the support can bear the maximum load of the pipeline or equipment; Check whether the anti-corrosion treatment is qualified, so as to prolong the loading time of the support; Equipment and large pipeline hangers should be fixed through the floor, and vertical air conditioning pipelines should be provided with anti-skid brackets to ensure the effective role of brackets in HVAC engineering.
2, pipeline installation
The installation of air duct should be the shortest and most economical, that is, it should be installed as straight as possible to avoid excessive reverse bending. Install deformation joints or make soft connection with equipment joints to avoid unnecessary rotation and increase resistance; The installation of water pipes should also be straight, and a 45-degree angle should be taken at the turning or climbing place as far as possible to reduce the air staying at the elbow; Pay attention to the valve installation direction and consider the consistency of water flow direction; The installation position of fan coil valve and filter should be set in the sump as far as possible to facilitate drainage during maintenance; The condensate drain pipe should be an independent system and should not be used with other drains.
3, heat preservation construction
The quality of thermal insulation technology directly affects the operation of the system and is an important link in HVAC construction. The difficulty of HVAC insulation lies in the construction of water system. The supervisor shall strictly supervise the contractor's construction procedures, and complete the insulation construction after passing the impermeability test, pipeline pressure test and ceiling keel installation. Insulation construction should ensure that all parts are tightly sealed, and there can be no leakage points and leakage points.
4, reserved hole plugging inspection
After HVAC pipeline construction, many holes will be left in the wall or reserved in the floor, but the plugging of these holes is generally not completed by the installation unit. If the blockage is not good, there will be quality problems in HVAC engineering, such as air leakage, insufficient fresh air volume, inability to empty exhaust gas and ventilation. During construction, it is necessary to check the plugging of reserved holes, eliminate hidden dangers in time, handle them in time and protect finished products.
Three, building HVAC engineering installation matters needing attention
Check whether the reserved project is in place, mainly whether the position of the reserved hole is accurate, whether the size meets the design requirements and process requirements, whether the embedded parts of equipment and foundation are correct, and whether the production materials are qualified. In the case that the reserved hole position is clear, it should be rechecked before concrete pouring to prevent omission. In case of omission, it is necessary to open a hole in the shear wall, which not only destroys the original wall structure, wastes manpower and material resources, but also leaves potential safety hazards. The reserved holes should be protected to prevent people or things from falling in, and at the same time prevent them from being occupied or blocked by other types of work.
The manufacture of air ducts meets the design requirements, while the requirements for the manufacture and installation of metal, nonmetal and composite air ducts are different. For the commonly used metal air duct, check whether its specifications and dimensions meet the design requirements, and whether the bite and flange connection of the air duct meet the specifications. The reinforcement of circular air ducts, rectangular air ducts and irregular air ducts and the manufacture of pipe fittings must meet the specification requirements, and pay attention to the special requirements of air ducts for purifying air conditioning systems.
Quality control of anticorrosion and thermal insulation engineering. It is required that the thermal insulation material be firmly pasted, the interface be tight, and the gas-proof and moisture-proof layer be tight. The insulation layers of water pipes and air ducts at the wall, floor and technical joints should be continuous and tight, and the pipes and battens used as cushion should be qualified for anti-corrosion.
Four, building HVAC installation engineering quality control
1, material quality control
HVAC project is the finishing work of the whole building project. Whether it is self-purchased materials or materials supplied by Party A, professional and technical personnel should conduct a comprehensive and strict inspection of their specifications, models and quality. Those who fail the quality inspection are not allowed to enter the site. All test reports are required to meet the national technical standards and design requirements.
2, personnel technical level and professional quality requirements
An excellent construction team can achieve twice the result with half the effort and smoothly realize the project schedule. To this end, the technical director should first make technical safety disclosure to the construction team, which requires the construction enterprises to continuously strengthen the quality of their construction personnel, improve their professional skills, and make the field workers familiar with every working procedure and every flow.
3, the construction environment protection requirements
In HVAC engineering, the noise of HVAC equipment and the chimney height of boiler room should meet the requirements of environmental protection. For example, whether there are silencers, anechoic static pressure boxes and anechoic air return openings before and after the equipment, and whether the supports and hangers of the equipment have shock absorbers, etc. Secondly, even with these noise elimination and vibration reduction devices, it depends on whether the equipment meets the design requirements.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
The quality control of HVAC engineering should run through all aspects of HVAC engineering implementation. It is necessary to strengthen the control beforehand, but also not to ignore the control during and after the event. We should not only strengthen the quality management and control of the project itself, but also combine the actual situation. Only by strengthening quality control can the quality of HVAC engineering be guaranteed. To do a good job in HVAC engineering construction, we should not only make a good construction plan according to the actual project, but also carry out the whole process management and control according to the current specifications and design requirements. If the project is neglected in the implementation process, it will affect the subsequent decoration process, and even cause the phenomenon of "running, running, leaking and dripping" after the project is put into use, which will affect the quality of the whole project. With the rapid development of science and technology, the application of new technologies and new processes in HVAC construction is endless. This requires us to constantly update our knowledge, constantly accept new things, find problems in practice, analyze and solve problems, and strive to do a good job in the project.
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