Aunt Lin, who lives in the northeast, was diagnosed with diabetes by her mother 22 years ago. Aunt Lin was also diagnosed with diabetes at the age of 45 ten years ago. However, the disease did not take back its claws. Her daughter just turned 30 this year and was diagnosed with diabetes not long ago. ...
Why do Aunt Lin's family of three have diabetes? Can diabetes be inherited?
According to the current medical research, the occurrence of diabetes is indeed related to heredity:
The incidence rate of patients with family history of diabetes is 3~40 times higher than that of patients without family history. In the normal population, the prevalence of diabetes is 1%~5%, but for people with both parents suffering from diabetes, the probability of their children suffering from diabetes is over 50%.
In China, the heritability of diabetes is 5 1.2%~73.8%, generally higher than 60%. However, the heritability of 1 type diabetes is lower than 60%, so the heritability of type 2 diabetes is stronger than that of 1 type diabetes.
But diabetes is not a genetic disease, it is not entirely determined by genetic factors, but also related to the environment and living habits (obesity, less exercise, drinking and smoking). Friends with immediate family members of diabetes belong to the high-risk group of diabetes. They must adjust their living habits, maintain a healthy diet, increase exercise, control their weight and prevent diabetes.
Let's look at a set of terrible numbers:
Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases. There are 654.38+29 million people with diabetes in China. On average, one in every 654.38+00 people is diabetic, and one in every two people is pre-diabetic! With the aging population and urbanization, the incidence of diabetes is still increasing, and the prevalence rate of people aged 18~29 is four times that of 20 years ago!
Once diabetes is diagnosed, you need to fight it for life. But in a certain period, it can be reversed. This period is pre-diabetes!
Just now we mentioned 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, mainly two types of diabetes. 1 Diabetes is mostly hereditary disease, and type 2 diabetes is mostly caused by improper lifestyle. Before the occurrence of type 2 diabetes, there was a time when the patient's blood sugar was higher than that of ordinary people, but it did not meet the diagnostic criteria of diabetes, which was called pre-diabetes.
Pre-diabetic signal
0 1
Panic and weakness
I often feel flustered, shaky hands and weak limbs after meals or 2-3 hours after meals. I am very hungry and want to eat. After eating, the symptoms are relieved and the anxiety is calmed down.
02
Thick and fat
Obesity, overweight waist, overweight. Healthy waist circumference standard: adult male ≤90cm, adult female ≤ 80cm.
03
Blood sugar value
The blood sugar of pre-diabetes is higher than that of normal people, but it does not meet the diagnostic criteria of diabetes.
The fasting blood glucose was 6. 1~7.0mmol/L, and the blood glucose was 7.8 ~1.1mmol/L 2 hours after meals.
04
black
This refers to acanthosis nigricans, which mainly means that the skin on the neck and armpits is black and thickened, and feels like velvet. Most of these patients are obese young people.
Note: If these high-risk groups, such as people with family history of diabetes, overweight or obese people, patients with metabolic syndrome, people with history of gestational diabetes or macrosomia delivery, and adults over 45 years old, have the above four situations, they must go to the hospital in time for fasting postprandial blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin, glucose tolerance test, islet function test, as well as body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipid, urine routine, electrocardiogram and vision.
Do 6 things well in pre-diabetes
Doing these six points well, pre-diabetes patients can also be reversed.
1, shut up: don't eat too much and eat too much, eat more fresh vegetables, eat less sugary drinks, ice cream, juice and chocolate, and eat less big fish, big meat and fried food.
2. Exercise more: Sitting for a long time is easy to cause diabetes. Spend at least half an hour exercising, walking and doing more aerobic exercise every day to consume fat and energy, improve insulin resistance and lower blood sugar.
3. Weight control: Obesity is closely related to type 2 diabetes. Controlling waist circumference and weight can not only lower blood sugar, but also improve blood pressure, blood lipid, uric acid and fatty liver.
4. Learn to decompress: Long-term mental stress will stimulate the secretion of adrenaline and glucocorticoid, which will increase blood sugar. At ordinary times, we should combine work and rest to decompress and relax ourselves.
5. Don't stay up late: sleep for 7-8 hours every day, work and rest regularly, sleep too little, and the risk of diabetes is high.
6. Correct medication: If lifestyle intervention is ineffective, you need to consult a doctor. If you need to take hypoglycemic drugs to intervene in pre-diabetes, you must follow the doctor's advice.
If pre-diabetes is not intervened, more than 90% patients will develop diabetes. Once you have diabetes, you need to take medicine for life and control sugar for life. Pre-diabetic patients may reverse the process of diabetes by operating in the above six ways!
Patients diagnosed with diabetes should never give up on themselves. They must strictly control sugar according to the doctor's advice. As long as they follow the doctor's advice and control their blood sugar at a normal level, their health will not be affected. But if the blood sugar is not well controlled for a long time, it will be very serious!
Real case
Wang Lin (pseudonym) is 4 1 year old this year. After being diagnosed with diabetes at the age of 26, I have been fighting it for 15 years, but sometimes I just can't control myself and my blood sugar is not well controlled. Not long ago, his left little toe was broken, but after many times of diagnosis and treatment, it was still out of control, so he had to have an amputation of his left lower limb and middle leg in a local hospital. ...
Small wounds on the feet of diabetic patients eventually develop into amputation. What we are talking about here is diabetic foot, a complication of diabetes. This complication reflects the blood circulation of diabetic patients, although only a little toe necrosis may mean that the whole blood vessel is blocked.
In addition to diabetic foot, there are painless myocardial infarction, diabetic eye disease, diabetic nephropathy and other related complications, which are extremely harmful to the health of diabetic patients and even life-threatening in severe cases.
People with diabetes should not be discouraged. Diabetes is a chronic disease, and the complications will be so serious in the later stage. As long as we follow the doctor's advice and control our blood sugar, we can live as usual. There is no high-risk group of diabetes, but also manage your own living habits, reduce bad living habits, control your weight and stay away from the risk of diabetes!
refer to
Wang Jianhua. Can diabetes be inherited [N]. Journal of Family Doctors, 20 18-08-27(005).
[2] Lu Chuanbin. Controlling pre-diabetes can reverse the results [J]. Healthy living, 2021(11): 37-38.
[3] Zhu Zhu. Pre-diabetes can be reversed [N]. Daily for the aged, 202 1- 10-29(003).
[4] Wang Jianhua. Six tricks to help reverse pre-diabetes China medical journal, 20 19-05-09(006).
[5] China Youth Daily reporter Maggie Cheung. There are 65438+29 million diabetic patients in China, how to stay away from the "sweet burden" [N]. China Youth Daily, 2021-1-16 (010).
Yueming Wang Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. How dangerous are the main complications of diabetes. Beijing Daily, 2021-1-24 (015).