Experimental teaching is an important natural subject teaching, which plays an important role in the realization of teaching objectives. Physics teaching in senior high school belongs to inquiry teaching. It is difficult to achieve the expected teaching effect only by relying on theoretical teaching. On the contrary, it will be counterproductive, which will make students feel afraid of physics and thus tired of learning physics. In order to change the above phenomenon, it is not only the inherent requirement of physics teaching, but also the cognitive law of students to introduce experimental teaching into senior high school physics teaching.
Experimental teaching is vivid and intuitive. Experimental teaching not only helps students to better understand and master the theoretical knowledge of physics, but also can cultivate students' hands-on operation ability, realize the effectiveness of physics teaching in senior high school and achieve the expected teaching objectives. Therefore, experimental teaching promotes the deepening of theory and the analysis of laws.
Second, improve the effectiveness of high school physics experiment teaching strategy
(A) update the teaching concept
With the deepening of the new curriculum reform, the disadvantages of traditional physics teaching methods have gradually become prominent. Updating the concept of physics teaching plays an important role in improving the effectiveness of physics experiment teaching in senior high schools. First of all, school administrators need to update their teaching concepts, pay more attention to experimental teaching, increase the investment in physics experimental teaching as much as possible, and attract physics teachers with high teaching level and good comprehensive quality, so as to give full play to the effectiveness of physics experimental teaching in senior high schools. Secondly, physics teachers in senior high schools should update their teaching concepts and strengthen their study and research on new knowledge and methods to ensure the effectiveness of experimental teaching. Thirdly, students should change their concept of learning physics, besides mastering some physical theoretical knowledge, they should also put more energy into improving their practical operation ability.
(B) do a good job in demonstration experiments to improve the quality of teaching.
First of all, senior high school physics teachers should arrange demonstration experiments for students in advance, and send experimental reports to students in advance, so that students can fill in the experimenter's name, time, experimental name, purpose, equipment, steps and conclusions.
Secondly, physics teachers should prepare for the experiment in advance. Familiar with experimental instruments, do a good job of rehearsal in advance, solve the problems found in time, eliminate instrument failures, and ensure the smooth completion of classroom experimental teaching. Physics teachers should also fully understand the experimental accuracy, so as to grasp the possible causes of errors and the countermeasures to reduce them. For the length of the experiment, the teacher should also know fairly well and be accurate, so as to ask questions to the students in time during the experiment.
Thirdly, according to the content and purpose of the experiment and the difference of students' level, choose the most suitable experimental method. The common experimental methods are as follows: first, do experiments, then analyze the experimental process, and finally deduce physical concepts and laws. Second, first learn theoretical knowledge, analyze and reason, and finally do experimental verification. Third, demonstration experiments and analytical reasoning are carried out at the same time. Fourth, if possible, try to let students experiment in groups to improve their learning enthusiasm and practical ability.
(3) Using group experiments to improve students' ability of observation and inquiry.
Pay attention to preview before class and cultivate the habit of self-study. Doing a good job in experimental preparation can improve students' autonomy and planning consciousness, reduce the hectic phenomenon of experimental operation, improve experimental efficiency, give students enough time to think and create opportunities for students to explore problems. Guide standardized operation and cultivate experimental skills. There are many students, few teachers and time is tight in group experiments. Before students begin to operate, teachers should make clear the principles, objectives and requirements of the experiment and introduce the matters needing attention in the experiment. Attach importance to the cultivation of innovative thinking and create inquiry situations. Student experiment is a process of collaborative experiment, and it is also an important process of collaborative development of students' perceptual knowledge and thinking activities. In the experiment, students should be reminded to observe those experimental phenomena that are not obvious or fleeting but reflect the essence of change, and cultivate their keen observation ability. In view of various phenomena in the experiment, enlightening questions are put forward in time to supplement the enlightening experiment, and students are guided to think positively, solve problems and eliminate doubts with what they have learned. Do a good job in the evaluation of inquiry experiments. Experimental evaluation can compare the students' experimental effect with the expected goal and evaluate the experimental effect through measures such as test paper, operation and teacher observation. At the same time, teachers evaluate themselves through self-reflection, so that students and peers can comprehensively evaluate the teaching preparation, teaching process and teaching results of the experiment.
(D) Using multimedia-assisted teaching to improve the experimental effect.
Traditional physics experiment teaching mostly relies on experimental principles, phenomena and formulas to show students. It is difficult for students to understand some dynamic perceptual physical images by traditional methods. With the popularity of multimedia information technology in various schools, the frequency of using multimedia technology to assist teaching in senior high school physics teaching is increasing. Because multimedia technology can quickly change the experimental conditions and physical parameters, display rich and varied teaching information to students in a very short time, and create different physical situations, it can greatly enhance students' interest in learning physics. Experiments that are difficult to realize under general conditions can be easily completed through multimedia. For example, the scattering experiment of alpha particles in atomic physics, using multimedia technology, students can clearly see the scattering process of alpha particles, thus deepening their knowledge and understanding.
(5) Strengthen after-school extension and implement effective teaching.
You can open the physics laboratory after class and encourage students to go to the laboratory to verify some difficult problems. Doing so can not only select projects according to students' hobbies and ability level, but also stimulate students' enthusiasm in learning physics and enhance their initiative in learning, and ensure that students have relatively sufficient experimental preview time, so as to successfully complete the experimental tasks within the specified time. In addition, attaching importance to the teaching of "mini-lab" in physics textbooks can be accomplished by using common objects around students. Encouraging students to do some interesting experiments with materials around them can stimulate students' extensive interests, cultivate students' courage, self-confidence and innovative spirit, and is also an important supplement to improve the effectiveness of experimental teaching.
Third, summary.
To sum up, improving the effectiveness of physics experiment teaching in senior high school is a complex system engineering, which needs to be completed step by step. In order to realize the effectiveness of physics experiment teaching, school administrators, physics teachers and students should update their teaching concepts; Do a good job in demonstration experiments to improve teaching quality; Using group experiments to improve students' observation ability and inquiry ability; Using multimedia-assisted teaching to improve the experimental effect; Strengthen the extension after class and implement the teaching effect.