1. Educational psychology believes that if students are interested in a subject, they will continue to study wholeheartedly, thus improving the effect. Interest is a person's psychological tendency to know and master something, which is related to certain emotions. Writing teaching pays attention to cultivating students' interest in learning, which is conducive to forming a virtuous circle and promoting the all-round development of Chinese ability.
2. China educators' discussion on writing teaching: Mr. Ye Shengtao said that writing teaching "can't just think about the statutes and techniques of writing, but ignore the raw materials of writing-thoughts and emotions". The most important thing in writing is to enrich life, and writing cannot be separated from life. Mr. Lv Shuxiang said that writing training "should consider how to gain a lot without exhaustion" and so on. They all remind us that we should not only pay attention to the guidance of students' writing knowledge and skills, but also pay attention to the cultivation of students' non-intellectual factors such as emotion and interest. Through the cultivation of interest, we can change "dislike writing" into "like writing", thus enhancing the effect of composition teaching.
3. The viewpoints of system theory and information theory tell us that everything constitutes a system and belongs to a larger system. Any system can only be controlled by feedback information. The whole process of composition teaching is an information processing system, that is, the process of information input-processing-output. In this process, each link is relatively independent and closely related, and the organic composition of the system can play a greater role. Therefore, the cultivation of writing interest should focus on the whole, and improve the ability through information feedback-correction step by step.
Guiding ideology-
1. Stimulate interest and start the internal drive of students' writing. Reflect the democratic thought of modern education, open consciousness, activate students' thinking, and fundamentally change students' "learning-weariness" psychology.
2. Pay attention to quality education and promote the positive development of students' personality. Implementing the requirements of junior high school Chinese syllabus for composition teaching will enable students to continuously improve their composition level, give full play to their specialties and creatively carry out Chinese practice activities.
3. Strengthen training and form ability. We should take improving students' Chinese ability as the fundamental goal, integrate listening, speaking, reading and writing, promote each other and develop in an all-round way.
4. Adapt to the requirements of the times and constantly improve your writing teaching level. Bring the reform of composition teaching into the big system of Chinese education development, enhance the sense of responsibility and mission, improve their own quality in learning and create value in the reform.
Third, the specific content of interest teaching method
(A) from reading, reading to promote writing.
In his letter to Lai Shaoqi, Lu Xun said: "I can't tell you how to make an essay, because my composition is composed of reading more and practicing more, and I have no experience and methods." It can be seen that reading is an important way to cultivate and improve cooperation ability. The reading content in Chinese textbooks is the best example of learning composition. Excellent reading teachers should speak thoroughly, so that students can not only learn knowledge, but also master their skills. This has laid a solid foundation for reading more works and writing more sentences.
Teacher Yu Yi said, "Reading is absorption. The richer the absorption, the more fascinating the writing will be." So how to link reading with writing? My approach is to emphasize the teaching of reading class, broaden the reading surface and increase the training volume. There are two reading classes every week, and the reading content extends from in-class to out-of-class. Thematic reading is combined with free reading, and teachers give appropriate guidance. Theme reading, that is, reading excellent products recommended by teachers to help students choose materials; Free reading, reading useful books and periodicals collected or subscribed by students, requires each student to take notes and comments, and carefully read some articles that he wants to learn to write. Read it carefully and think about the following questions: 1. What's it about? What is the main idea or central idea? 2. What does it write first and how is it organized (roughly divided into paragraphs)? 3. What are the advantages (or what advantages should be learned from them) and what are the disadvantages? Then write down your reading feelings in the form of a weekly diary.
In addition, the school has set up a reading room, and books are kept and borrowed by special personnel. In this way, students have accumulated materials in extensive reading, cultivated their abilities, and achieved the effect of promoting writing through reading.
(B) combined with activities to increase perceptual knowledge.
One of the psychological characteristics of middle school students is their love of expressing themselves and strong sense of participation. In order to strengthen students' learning motivation, we use the composition class to carry out various colorful and meaningful activities in a planned, purposeful and prepared way, providing and creating writing themes for students, so that they can have something to write, thus solving the problem of what to write. Mr. Lu Xun once taught: "You must pick more flowers when picking honey." It can be seen that life is the source of writing. Without life, writing is water without a source and a tree without a root. The main way is to emancipate the mind, open composition teaching, stimulate and cultivate students' interest in writing in activities, and then change passivity into initiative, and "I want to write" into "I want to write". When carrying out activities, we should combine in-class and out-of-class activities, and combine mental work with physical work. For example, classroom activities include: speech contest, story-telling contest, interesting reading and so on. Extracurricular activities include: table tennis matches, basketball matches, picnics, small-scale outings, short trips, visits to factories (workshops), voluntary labor inside and outside the school, etc. Practice has proved that students have strong sense of participation and competition in these activities, strong interest and high enthusiasm. At the same time, providing them with writing themes and writing things for them fundamentally solves the problem of what to write.
In March 2000, with the strong support of the principal's office, I initiated and founded Langhuawen Society, and hosted Lang Hua Class Magazine, which opened up an experimental garden for students.
This series of activities creates a good atmosphere for students to participate in learning, enriches the contents of listening, speaking, reading and writing in and out of class, allows students to express their inner world to the fullest, and gradually develops the habit of thinking diligently, writing at any time and daring to create, which greatly improves their Chinese ability.
(C) practical proposition, so that students have something to say.
As the saying goes, "the topic is the eye of the article" and "the topic is half done". Proposition is the starting point of composition teaching and is very important. Students often talk privately: "I like writing this topic", "This topic is not easy to write, and I really can't write anything". Obviously, students will feel "like writing" and "difficult to write" on the topic of composition, which is determined by the physical and psychological characteristics of junior high school students. Several years of teaching practice have made me realize that a proposition with great freedom can easily comprehensively examine students' writing level, and a good proposition can smoothly open the floodgate of thinking. The content of the proposition is the life that students are familiar with, so that they can have real feelings. Otherwise, it can only be done behind closed doors, empty, and it is not surprising that students are afraid to write. So the main purpose of our proposition reform is to be close to life and shorten the distance between writing and life.
Design an interesting proposition. There is such a proposition: "1+ 1+ 1
2. Provide interesting materials. I once provided such a story (material): there is a person and 12 mosquitoes in a room. 12 mosquito bites people. 12÷ 1= 12。 This man is too emotional. He went to find another person to come to this room. 12 A mosquito bites two people. They split into two teams. 12÷2=6。 The man feels better than before. But it can be better. These two men found a third person. 12÷3=4。 Great, find the fourth one. 12÷4=3。 The fifth man came running. 12÷5=? Everyone told the fifth person not to come in because mosquitoes are hard to tell apart. But the fifth man insisted on coming in. Bang. The fifth man killed two mosquitoes. 10÷5=2。 Okay, good. Hearing another bang, everyone was happy. The fifth man killed two mosquitoes. 8÷5=? I don't know again. Everyone thought it was the fifth man who was always making trouble, so Qi Xin joined forces to drive him away.
This story is very interesting. I want students to write an article about one thing and have a discussion on this basis. Many students feel that they have something to say and write it with ease. One of the students wrote: "The fifth person destroyed their equal distribution and suffered their unfair treatment. But they didn't expect that the fifth person had killed four mosquitoes for them before driving them away, which relieved them a lot of pain. This fifth person is like a reformer in real life. They are determined to forge ahead and dare to innovate, but they are blocked by equalitarians, so the reform has failed again and again. The famous political reform in Shang Yang's history violated the interests of big landlords and bureaucrats. Although it took a while, it failed in the end, and Shang Yang himself ended up dismembered. There are also Wang Anshi's political reform and Liang Qichao's Kang Youwei's political reform. However, they have promoted social progress and the development of productive forces, and their spirit of reform and innovation will always be remembered by the broad masses of the people ... "
3. Provide appropriate topic composition. In view of the increasing scope of senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination, I also provide some topics suitable for students to practice in my usual composition teaching. For example, we live in nature, and majestic peaks, vast Yuan Ye, cheerful streams and deep oceans will all arouse our deep thoughts; Sunset from Zhao Hui, cold coming and summer going, bloom flowers falling, birds singing and insects singing will all arouse our reverie, and we will feel something in meditation and reverie. Please write an article of no less than 600 words on the topic of "Understanding Nature". The style is not limited, and the topic is self-made. Then I reminded them: let the tentacles of thinking contact in many ways and provide various opportunities for writing. For example, look up at the starry sky at night and sigh at the vastness and depth of the universe. Maybe you will realize that "my life is limited, but my knowledge is also limited"; Approaching the grassland, you may sigh that "wildfire never devours them, but they grow taller in the spring breeze"; Listening to cicadas, maybe you will sigh that "four years of dark work is only a short month" ...
(4) Write an "underwater composition" when necessary.
"Writing in water" means that before students write a composition, teachers write a similar demonstration article by themselves. In Chun 'an Daily, 1, 1, 2006, 1, 2006, 2006, 1, 2006, 2006, 2006, 2006. Only when it is possible for students to feel speechless or their thoughts are stagnant, should they write a model essay first to play the role of throwing stones at the road. I have written articles on how to balance people's psychology, how to kill rats, how to pay the handsome price, etc., and printed them in the Waves edited by myself.
(5) Flexible and diverse guidance that varies from person to person.
Teachers are faced with a group of living children, who have different personalities and abilities, and their incentive methods should vary from person to person, so we should choose different incentive methods for different students. For students with strong writing skills, not only are they required to be longer, but they are also required not to write typos, sick sentences and so on. Focus on encouraging them to innovate and give guidance in material selection, tailoring and conception. For middle-level students, we should help them understand the meaning of the question, organize the materials according to a certain paragraph level, encourage them to write one by one, and strive to write better than one. For students with poor grades, as long as they are fluent in writing one or two paragraphs, they should lower their requirements and give high marks, even if an article is only one or two hundred words, even if it is off topic; As long as you find better sentences and words, circle them and write down words of praise, so that they can be inspired and build up their confidence, thus overcoming their fear of difficulties and stimulating their interest in composition.
(six) reform the way of evaluation and reform, and gradually implement mutual evaluation and reform.
First of all, the stylized mode of comment on writing was abolished and a comment on writing was adopted. Drawing lessons from the experience of "class teacher's evaluation and reform", I chose the reform of comment on writing as a breakthrough to implement interest teaching. Interest depends on success, and people will have endless motivation after tasting the sweetness of success. Many writers mostly talk about how they embarked on the road of writing. It is the praise and encouragement of primary and secondary school teachers that increase their confidence. When an article written by them is praised by teachers and won the envy of classmates, that kind of surprise and pride will certainly stimulate the brain, produce a strong desire to express, and interest in writing arises spontaneously. The requirements of "heart-to-heart" comment on writing are as follows: ① Give priority to encouragement and don't dampen the enthusiasm of every student. ② The language is sincere, implicit and easy to accept. ③ Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and highlighting individual characteristics. ④ Reflect literary accomplishment and improve cultural taste. In short, we should pay more attention to the advantages. You can praise the progress and success of a certain point, or you can gently criticize it.