Liao Yong' an is the first person in Zhu Yuanzhang's water army, and he is best at water warfare. When Xu Da attacked Yixing, he anticipated that Zhang Shicheng's troops would flee from Taihu Lake and arranged for Liao Yongan to ambush in Taihu Lake in advance. Never thought, Liao Yong 'an was too brave and chased the enemy too fast, leaving Xu Da's backup. Coupled with his bad luck, the boat at his feet suddenly ran aground. Zhang Shicheng's valiant soldier Lv Zhen saw that Liao Yong 'an was weak and immediately turned around and captured Liao Yong 'an alive. In this way, Liao Yongan became a prisoner of Zhang Shicheng.
Zhang Shicheng heard Liao Yong 'an's name for a long time and surrendered many times. On the one hand, because Liao Yong 'an was loyal to Zhu Yuanzhang, on the other hand, because Liao Yong 'an's younger brother Liao Yongzhong and his family were under Zhu Yuanzhang's command, Liao Yong 'an would rather die than surrender. Zhang Shicheng had no choice but to imprison Liao Yongan. In this way, Liao Yongan was imprisoned by Zhang Shicheng for eight years.
Eight years later, in July of 1366, when Zhu Yuanzhang was about to destroy Zhang Shicheng, Zhang Shicheng thought Liao Yongan was worthless and killed him. The biography of Liao Yong 'an in Ming Dynasty records that:
After the founding of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang made Liao Yong an Duke of Chu and enjoyed the sacrifices of the Ming Dynasty for generations.
Although Ann died, Liao Jia did not perish, because his younger brother is still alive. Liao Yongzhong became a valiant soldier under Zhu Yuanzhang and made great contributions to the Ming Dynasty. However, in the eighth year of Hongwu, Liao Yongzhong was suddenly executed by Zhu Yuanzhang, and Liao Jia declined.
Liao Yongzhong was a mysterious founding general in the early Ming Dynasty. At the same time, he was also the first founding star killed by Zhu Yuanzhang. In this article, the author will share with you Liao Yongzhong, Liao Yong 'an's younger brother, Duke Deqing of Ming Dynasty. I hope to know an ancient famous man through historical materials and analysis.
In A.D. 1353, Zhu Yuanzhang left his father-in-law Guo Zixing, settled down with Xu Da, Tanghe and other "twenty-four generals in Huaixi" and started his own business. Since then, Zhu Yuanzhang has successively captured Dingyuan, Chuzhou and Hezhou. During this period, Chang Yuchun, Li Shanchang, Sheng Feng, Deng Yu and other generals joined Zhu Yuanzhang successively. Next, Zhu Yuanzhang began to plan to cross the river.
If you want to cross the river, you need ships first, followed by the water army. Zhu Yuanzhang came from Jiangbei and didn't have a boat at all. Plus his men are all from Jiangbei, so Zhu Yuanzhang looks around. Apart from Wu Liang and Zhen Wu, there is not a pure water army general under his command, and he can barely beat a water battle. At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang turned his attention to Chaohu Lake on the north bank of the Yangtze River.
Chaohu Lake is the fifth largest freshwater lake in China, with an open water surface, which is used by a large number of fishermen and Jianghu heroes for a living. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there were three forces on the surface of Chaohu Lake. The first group is headed by An, the second group is headed by Yu and his three sons (Yu Tonghai, Yu, Yu), and the third group is headed by double-edged Zhao Pusheng.
Usually, these three groups of forces maintain the balance of Chaohu Lake. But at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Luzhou (Hefei) was occupied by Zuo Junbi, the general of the Southern Red Scarf Army. Because Chaohu Lake is adjacent to Luzhou, Zuo Junbi has always wanted to eat everyone in Chaohu Lake. Zhao Pu took the lead in defecting to Zuo Junbi to help him attack Liao and Yu. Just then, Zhu Yuanzhang offered an olive branch to the Chaohu hero, and Liao Yongan sent someone to discuss it. The two men led the soldiers to surrender to Zhu Yuanzhang collectively.
Author's Note: At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang belonged to the Northern Red Scarf Army, nominally led by Han Liner. Zuo Junbi belongs to the Southern Red Scarf Army and is nominally led by Xu Shouhui. The Red Scarf Army in the North and the South only has the same name, but it is not a genus.
The Ming History records this history in detail:
Liao Yongan defected to Zhu Yuanzhang, and Liao Yongzhong was one of them. Zhu Yuanzhang was ecstatic when he heard that Chaohu people had come to defect, and shouted, "This is God's will!"
Why is Zhu Yuanzhang so excited? Because Zhu Yuanzhang was planning to cross the river at that time, and there was no water army in his hand, the return of Chaohu people was not icing on the cake, but a gift in the snow.
Later, in the early Ming Dynasty, most of the famous sailors came from Chaohu School. Of course, Zhu Yuanzhang never imagined that the surrender of Chaohu Lake in the future would shine like Liao Yongzhong and Yu Tonghai.
When Liao Yong 'an defected to Zhu Yuanzhang, his younger brother Liao Yongzhong was 32 years old, but he was brave and full of blood. Zhu Yuanzhang asked Liao Yongzhong, "Did you come to me with your brother to make a fortune?" Liao Yongzhong replied:
My wish is to serve the wise Lord, eliminate chaos and go down in history.
Upon hearing this, Zhu Yuanzhang felt that Liao Yongzhong was ambitious, so he appointed Liao Yongzhong as his lieutenant to fully assist Liao Yongan in crossing the river.
Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Liao Yong 'an and Liao Yongzhong to lead people to cross the river, to capture Cai Shiqi first, and then to win peace. "Biography of Liao Yong 'an in the Ming Dynasty" records that "Yong 'an fought again and defeated Yuan soldiers before deciding the strategy of crossing the river". It can be seen that these Chaohu generals led by Liao Yong 'an "flew if they could" and beat the Yuan army out of the water.
When Liao Yong An and others in Chaohu Lake left Chaohu Lake and devoted themselves to a broader battlefield, they completely let go of the defenders, just like tigers coming out of the mountain, invincible.
As Liao Yong's younger brother, Liao Yongzhong's ability is not built. In the Ming Dynasty, Biography of Liao Yongzhong recorded:
After crossing the river, Zhu Yuanzhang attacked Qing Ji (Nanjing) with all his strength, and then relied on Chaohu people to capture Zhenjiang, Changzhou and Chizhou. In these battles, Liao Yongzhong made great contributions.
The good times didn't last long. Three years later, in the battle of Taihu Lake, Liao Yongzhong's younger brother Liao Yongan was captured alive by Zhang Shicheng. Because Ann is the backbone of Chaohu Water Army, Zhu Yuanzhang regretted losing Ann, such as breaking an arm. So Zhu Yuanzhang called Liao Yongzhong and asked Liao Yongzhong to take Liao Yong's place and lead the water army. "Liao Ming forever biography" cloud:
Liao Yongzhong was sheltered by his brother after his death. Since then, he has become a general of the water army under Zhu Yuanzhang.
1360, the battle of Longwan broke out, and Chen Youliang led a great army down the river, intending to destroy Zhu Yuanzhang and capture Taiping in the upper reaches of Nanjing. Hua Yun, one of Zhu Yuanzhang's famous soldiers, was killed, and Nanjing was in terror. Zhu Yuanzhang finally adopted Liu Bowen's plan, used Kang Maocai to surrender Chen Youliang, led Chen Youliang to Longwan, and ambushed Chen Youliang. After the defeat of Chen Youliang, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Liao Yongzhong to lead an army to pursue along the river. "Chronicle of Ming History" records:
Liao Yongzhong led people upstream, not only recovered peace, but also captured Anqing, an important town under Chen Youliang.
At that time, Chen Youliang was defeated and fled to Jiangzhou (Jiujiang). Liu Bowen suggested that Zhu Yuanzhang immediately attack Jiangzhou and take Chen Youliang by surprise. Zhu Yuanzhang felt reasonable and immediately went to Jiangzhou with Liao Yongzhong and others. The biography of Liao Ming Yong Zhong records:
Jiangzhou used to be Xu Shouhui's lair, and it was a key place for Chen Youliang to guard against, which was easy to defend but difficult to attack. Liao Yongzhong used his quick wits. He built a high platform extending outward at the stern, and then rushed directly to Jiangzhou City Wall with the stern. In this way, it is equivalent to building a bridge between your ship and Jiangzhou City. Zhu Yuanzhang's army directly killed the other side's wall along the "bridge", easily entered the city and conquered Jiangzhou City. Zhu Yuanzhang was overjoyed and was named right cheng of Zhongshu province.
Note that Liao Yongzhong was named right cheng of Zhongshu province, while Zuo cheng of Zhongshu province was Zhu Yuanzhang's nephew and Li Wenzhong, the founding duke of Ming Dynasty. Visible, Liao Yongzhong has been among the core sphere of influence of Zhu Yuanzhang, become Zhu Yuanzhang's cronies.
As a lean man, Zhu Yuanzhang met the biggest obstacle, Chen Youliang, on the road of unifying the world. 1363, Zhu Yuanzhang stood out from the crowd by destroying Chen Youliang through the battle of Poyang Lake.
The battle of Poyang Lake was the largest water war in the ancient history of China, and Liao Yongzhong was the most famous naval general under Zhu Yuanzhang. Therefore, Liao Yongzhong's participation in this war is indispensable.
The Biography of Liao Yongzhong in the Ming Dynasty once commented on Liao Yongzhong's "Fight Poyang Lake to the death", which shows Liao Yongzhong's great contribution. The battle of Poyang Lake lasted more than 60 days, and Liao Yongzhong participated in almost all the wars. Moreover, in this war, Liao Yongzhong also saved Zhu Yuanzhang's life. "Ming history" cloud:
This happened on the eve of the decisive battle, when Zhu Yuanzhang sent troops to attack Chen Youliang's ship. Chen Youliang's general Zhang Dingbian suddenly killed Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang fought and retreated. Unexpectedly, the ship suddenly ran aground and could not move. Seeing that Zhu Yuanzhang was about to be crushed by Zhang Dingbian, at a critical moment, Chang Yuchun and Liao Yongzhong arrived by boat, Chang Yuchun shot an arrow at Zhang Dingbian, and Liao Yongzhong took the opportunity to storm the ship in Zhang Dingbian. As a result, Zhang Dingbian was hit by several arrows and finally failed.
This time is the closest to death after Zhu Yuanzhang occupied Nanjing. At the critical moment, Chang Yuchun and Liao Yongzhong saved Zhu Yuanzhang.
The next day, Zhu Yuanzhang decided to attack with fire. He chose seven generals with the best water skills to carry out the arson task, and Liao Yongzhong and Yu Tonghai led everyone to set fire. The biography of Liao Ming Yong Zhong records:
Liao Yongzhong and Yu Tonghai led seven ships full of dried reeds and set fire to Chen Youliang's fleet. After the Chen Youliang Rebellion, Liao Yongzhong led his troops into enemy-occupied areas, killing left and right. If nobody cares, Chen Youliang's army will be "stunned" and think that Liao Yongzhong is a god. Later, Chen Youliang took advantage of the chaos to escape and died halfway, and Zhu Yuanzhang won.
The battle of Poyang Lake is the most important war in Zhu Yuanzhang's life, and the intensity of the war is self-evident. Zhu Yuanzhang alone killed more than 50 generals. More generals have made contributions, but in comparison, Liao Yongzhong's contributions are definitely among the best. The biography of Liao Ming Yong Zhong records:
After Zhu Yuanzhang returned to Nanking, he presented Liao Yongzhong with "great merit and wisdom", and "great merit" recorded Liao Yongzhong's role in the battle of Poyang Lake.
After this war, Zhang Shicheng, Fang Guozhen, Chen Youding, He Zhen and other heroes were unable to compete with Zhu Yuanzhang, and it was only a matter of time before Zhu Yuanzhang unified the world.
Three years later (1366), Zhu Yuanzhang sent Xu Da and Chang Yuchun to attack Zhang Shicheng, and Zhang Shicheng was besieged in Pingjiang (Suzhou). Zhu Yuanzhang felt that the overall situation was settled, so he gave Liao Yongzhong a very important task, and asked Liao Yongzhong to go to Chuzhou to welcome him back to Han Liner, Wang Xiaoming.
He is the son of Han, the leader of the Northern Red Scarf Army. Han was killed by the Yuan Dynasty after launching the Red Scarf Army uprising. Han Liner inherited his father's mantle and continued to lead the Northern Red Scarf Army. Guo Zixing, Zhu Yuanzhang's father-in-law, is a subordinate of Han Liner. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang set up his own business, but it was still nominally led by Han Liner.
In other words, Han Liner is the nominal owner of Zhu Yuanzhang, and Zhu Yuanzhang's status as a "prince of Wu" was also sealed by Han Liner.
It was because of Han Liner's important position that Zhu Yuanzhang sent Liao Yongzhong to meet Han Liner. After all, Liao Yongzhong is Zhu Yuanzhang's confidant. To people's surprise, Liao Yongzhong didn't connect Han Liner with Nanjing. "Ming history" records:
After returning to Han Liner from Chuzhou, Liao Yongzhong was escorted to Guabu near Nanjing. As a result, Han Liner's boat capsized and Han Liner was drowned alive.
Han Liner's death, full of doubts, is called the mystery of history. There are two reasons:
First, Liao Yongzhong was born in the water army, and his team's ability to control ships is first-class. How did Han Liner's boat capsize?
Second, even if Han Liner's boat capsized, it would only be a small attempt for Liao Yongzhong to save people from the river with his skills. Besides, Liao Yongzhong didn't go alone. He commanded so many people, why did he watch Han Liner drown?
So, obviously, Han Liner's death was intentional by Liao Yongzhong. Because the biggest beneficiary of Han Liner's death is Zhu Yuanzhang, there are two reasons for Han Liner's death:
(a) Zhu Yuanzhang wanted to proclaimed himself, secretly motioned Liao Yongzhong to get rid of Han Liner.
Zhu Yuanzhang invited Han Liner to Nanjing, but he had other plans. Only Liao Yongzhong saw Zhu Yuanzhang's mind and decided to strike first.
In fact, although Zhu Yuanzhang was cruel, he was a man with clear grievances. Judging from Zhu Yuanzhang's attitude towards Liao Yongzhong, the author thinks that Han Liner's death should be caused by Liao Yongzhong's "cleverness".
First of all, I heard that after Han Liner's death, Zhu Yuanzhang's attitude was "God helps those who help themselves" and he blamed Liao Yongzhong.
Secondly, in the third year of Hongwu, when Zhu Yuanzhang sealed the hero, he once said a word:
It means that Liao Yongzhong made great contributions to the Ming Dynasty and should have been a duke, but because he "gave me a glimpse of Confucian scholars", which means that Liao Yongzhong was clever and trapped Zhu Yuanzhang in injustice, Liao Yongzhong was made a marquis (Duke of Deqing).
When Zhu Yuanzhang sealed the hero, it was five years since Han Liner died. If Zhu Yuanzhang intends to disclose this matter, he can not mention it. However, Zhu Yuanzhang still remembers the mistakes made by Liao Yongzhong, which shows that Zhu Yuanzhang is deeply concerned about Liao Yongzhong's mistakes.
Therefore, although Han Liner's death is a historical case-solving, the author thinks that it is not Zhu Yuanzhang's original intention, but Liao Yongzhong's personal action. Of course, you are also welcome to put forward different views.
In A.D. 1367, because Zhang Shicheng defended Pingjiang, Xu Da and Chang Yuchun couldn't attack for a long time. Zhu Yuanzhang sent Liao Yongzhong to lead the water army from Huaidong to help Xu Da, and Zhu Yuanzhang finally destroyed Zhang Shicheng, which was also attributed to Liao Yongzhong.
After the fall of Zhang Shicheng, Zhu Yuanzhang looked around. Fang Guozhen (eastern Zhejiang), Chen Youding (Fujian) and He Zhen (Guangdong) were still entrenched in the south, and the Yuan Dynasty in the north was even more troublesome. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang sent Xu Da, Chang Yuchun and others to the Northern Expedition of the Yuan Dynasty, and sent Tanghe south. Considering that Fang Guozhen was good at maritime activities, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Liao Yongzhong as the deputy general and followed Tanghe to conquer Fang Guozhen.
So, and Tang went hand in hand by land and water. After Fang Guozhen fled to the sea, he was surrendered by Liao Yongzhong.
In the same year, Liao Yongzhong invaded Fujian with Tanghe, and Chen Youding committed suicide. In the second year (the first year of Hongwu), on the fourth day of the first month, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor in Nanjing, and Liao Yongzhong did not attend Zhu Yuanzhang's enthronement ceremony. He was sent to Guangdong to crusade against He Zhen. Liao Yongzhong led Zhu Liangzu and others to be invincible, and finally forced He Zhen to surrender.
Since Liao Yongzhong defected to Zhu Yuanzhang, Liao Yongzhong directly participated in Zhu Yuanzhang's campaign to destroy Chen Youliang, Zhang Shicheng, Fang Guozhen, Chen Youding and He Zhen. So, in September of the first year of Hongwu, when Liao Yongzhong moved troops back to Beijing, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Prince Zhu Biao to go out of the city to meet him personally. The biography of Liao Ming Yong Zhong records:
In the third year of Hongwu, Liao Yongzhong returned with Xu Da's Northern Expedition and won a great victory. In the same year, Zhu Yuanzhang and Xu Da were made dukes. Zhu Yuanzhang said in the imperial edict that Liao Yongzhong's contribution was enough to seal the public, but the death of Han Liner was Liao Yongzhong's fault, so Liao Yongzhong was named Marquis. "Liao Ming forever biography" cloud:
In fact, in Zhu Yuanzhang's mind, although Liao Yongzhong was not perfect, he always recognized Liao Yongzhong's ability.
In the fourth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang sent Tanghe to attack Shu and became Tanghe's lieutenant. At that time, Shu was occupied by Ming Sheng, the son of Yu Zhen in the Ming Dynasty. When Tanghe reached Qutangguan, the river surged, so Tanghe was afraid to March on the safe side. However, Liao Yongzhong took the bull by the horns and led the death squads to attack the enemy camp. Fu Youde, who came from the north road, finally decided on Shu.
After moving troops back to Korea, Zhu Yuanzhang cursed Tanghe for being too timid to fight, but rewarded Liao Yongzhong and Fu Youde. Liao Yongzhong was once again affirmed by Zhu Yuanzhang, and his heart gradually became arrogant. He built a new mansion in Beijing, recruited talents, and even made friends with civil servants, immersed in prosperity.
"Zuo Zhuan" said: "You are arrogant and extravagant, and you are evil." Liao Yongzhong didn't know that his crisis was coming.
In the early Ming Dynasty, yang xian, a civil servant, was once very popular. Zhu Yuanzhang even intends to train Yang Xian as prime minister. Liao Yongzhong took the opportunity to make friends with Yang Xian, hoping to collude with Yang Xian. Later, Yang Xian was killed in a crime, and Liao Yongzhong was also involved. Zhu Yuanzhang remembered Liao Yongzhong's achievements and especially pardoned Liao Yongzhong's sin. Liao Yongzhong not only didn't give up, but became more unscrupulous.
In the eighth year of Hongwu, Liao Yongzhong finally committed a heinous crime. It is reported that Liao Yongzhong used dragon and phoenix patterns in newly-built mansions, which is a rebellion crime of feudal dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang began to disbelieve and sent people to investigate secretly. It turned out to be true. This incident means that the nature of Liao Yongzhong has changed. He is no longer a minor problem, but is unfaithful to Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang was furious and ordered the execution of Liao Yongzhong. The biography of Liao Ming Yong Zhong records:
In this way, Liao Yongzhong became the first hero killed by Zhu Yuanzhang among many founding generals in the Ming Dynasty. According to Daming Law, treason usually involves family members, but Zhu Yuanzhang only gave Liao Yongzhong a death sentence and did not embarrass his family.
Liao Yongzhong followed Zhu Yuanzhang at the age of 32 and was sentenced to death at the age of 53. He followed Zhu Yuanzhang for 2 1 year. During these 265,438+0 years, his brother died after being imprisoned in the enemy camp for 8 years, and Liao Yongzhong's Northern Expedition made the Liao Dynasty famous. However, due to carelessness, family highlights are like a flash in the pan. After Liao Yongzhong was killed, the Ming Dynasty regarded Liao Yongzhong as a traitor for 269 years. It was not until the demise of the Ming Dynasty that Emperor Hong Guangcai of Nanming posthumously awarded Liao Yongzhong as lord protector, which was an indirect recognition of Liao Yongzhong's achievements.
After Judy ascended the throne, Liao Yongzhong's two grandchildren, Liao Ming and Liao Yong, were both students in Fang Xiaoru. After Judy executed Fang Xiaoru, Liao Jia was implicated again. Since then, Liao Yongzhong has been devastated and gradually submerged in the mire of history.
Liao Yongzhong was a famous founding hero of the Ming Dynasty. He defected to Zhu Yuanzhang before crossing the river and took part in almost all Zhu Yuanzhang's great battles.
Zhu Yuanzhang crossed the river, and Liao Yongzhong sent charcoal in the snow;
When Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed Chen Youliang, Liao Yongzhong risked his life to forget his own death;
Zhu Yuanzhang attacked Zhang Shicheng, and Liao Yongzhong was the icing on the cake;
Liao Yongzhong was also a participant in Zhu Yuanzhang's Northern Expedition.
When Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed Fang Guozhen, Chen Youding, He Zhen and Ming Yuzhen, Liao Yongzhong was one of the commanders.
In the early Ming Dynasty, although Liao Yongzhong's achievements were not as good as those of Xu Da and Chang Yuchun, they were not as good as those of Tanghe and Shengfeng. It is Zhu Yuanzhang's luck and Daming's luck to get this title.
But the author thinks that although Liao Yongzhong is brave, Zhu Yuanzhang's feelings towards Liao Yongzhong are extremely complicated, which can be roughly divided into five stages:
First, when Liao brothers led Chaohu people to surrender to Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yuanzhang was at a loss. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang was very grateful to the Liao brothers.
Second, after Liao Yong 'an was captured, Liao Yongzhong took over from his brother and became a unique naval soldier under Zhu Yuanzhang, especially Liao Yongzhong's performance in the battle of Poyang Lake, which delighted Zhu Yuanzhang. From then on, Liao Yongzhong became Zhu Yuanzhang's confidant.
Third, Liao Yongzhong made a self-righteous mistake in welcoming Han Liner back to Beijing. Liao Yongzhong thought that Zhu Yuanzhang got rid of Han Liner and cleared the way for Zhu Yuanzhang to ascend to the throne. He would be grateful to himself. However, Liao Yongzhong forgot that because he was sent by Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yuanzhang could not escape whether Han Liner was killed by Zhu Yuanzhang or not. Because of Liao Yongzhong's self-righteousness, Zhu Yuanzhang was criticized all his life. Therefore, in the two years since the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang was dissatisfied with Liao Yongzhong. After all, superiors like subordinates to carry out their own orders without discount, and they don't like subordinates to have their own careful thoughts. This is also the reason why Liao Yongzhong was not made a duke.
Fourthly, from the fourth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang regained the trust of Liao Yongzhong, especially the performance of Liao Yongzhong in pacifying Bashu, which made Zhu Yuanzhang realize that Liao Yongzhong was an excellent general.
Fifth, what Zhu Yuanzhang didn't expect was that Liao Yongzhong boasted that he was not only in cahoots with Yang Xian, but even secretly used dragon and phoenix patterns. Zhu Yuanzhang was so disappointed with Liao Yongzhong that he put it to death. However, Zhu Yuanzhang in the early Ming Dynasty was kind. He remembered the merits of Liao Yongzhong and didn't implicate his family.
Evaluation of Ming history:
It can be seen that the Ming Dynasty was very sorry for Liao Yongzhong's death.
There is a saying in the ninth chapter of Tao Te Ching:
It means that people are often easily lost in wealth. Everyone says that Zhu Yuanzhang killed the hero, but the author thinks that at least Liao Yongzhong's death is culpable of punishment. For other emperors, it is hard for Liao Yongzhong to die a fair death.
"I am often afraid that arrogance is born with wealth and disaster is born suddenly." Liao Yongzhong's achievements are commendable, but his achievements are pathetic.