service
Engineering construction supervision is different from the direct production activities of contractors and the direct investment activities of construction units. It is neither a project contracting activity nor a project contracting activity. It does not need to invest a lot of money, materials, equipment and manpower. The supervision unit neither contracts the project cost to the construction unit nor participates in the profit sharing of the contracting unit. Supervision units do not need a lot of machinery, equipment and labor, and generally do not need strong registered capital. It only uses its own knowledge, skills and experience in engineering construction to provide customers with highly intelligent supervision and management services to meet the needs of project construction units for project management. It is also paid for technical services and mental work.
It should be clearly pointed out that engineering construction supervision is a technical service activity entrusted by the project construction unit. Therefore, its direct service object is the customer, the entrusting party, that is, the project construction unit, and it cannot be vague. This kind of service activity is carried out according to the project construction supervision contract and is bound and protected by law. In the supervision contract, various services are clearly classified and defined: which are "normal services (work)", which are "extra services (work)" and which are "extra services (work)". Therefore, "service" is not a general concept here. Do you want to provide services for the supervised party? Under the condition of market economy, the supervision unit has no contractual responsibility and obligation to provide direct services for it. However, in achieving the overall goal of the project, the three parties involved in the project construction are consistent and should work together to achieve the project. Therefore, there are many tasks that need supervision engineers to coordinate, guide and correct, so as to make the project go smoothly.
independence
The supervision unit engaged in engineering construction supervision activities is one of the "three parties" directly involved in engineering project construction. Its relationship with project construction units and contractors is equal and horizontal. In the construction of engineering projects, the supervision unit is an independent party. China's relevant laws and regulations clearly point out that the supervision unit should implement Class I project construction supervision according to the principle of independence. The International Federation of Consulting Engineers clearly pointed out in the Standard Service Agreement between the Owner and the Consulting Engineer that the supervision unit is "the party hired by the construction unit as an independent professional company to perform the service" and should be "executed according to the contract" and its supervision engineer should "work as an independent professional". At the same time, the International Federation of Consulting Engineers requires its members to "maintain the independence of their actions relative to contractors, manufacturers and suppliers, and not accept their interests in any form, which will affect the fairness of their decision-making or hinder them from performing the duties entrusted to them by their customers" and "have nothing to do with any commercial activities that may hinder them from working as independent consulting engineers". "Consulting engineers only perform their duties for the legitimate interests of their clients, and he must perform his business with absolute loyalty. Therefore, in the process of fulfilling the contractual obligations of supervision and carrying out supervision activities, supervision units should establish their own organizations, determine their own work standards, use their own methods and means, and work independently according to their own judgments. The supervision unit should not only serve the entrusting party seriously, diligently and wholeheartedly, but also assist the construction unit to set goals, and carry out supervision work in accordance with the principles of fairness, independence and autonomy.
The independence of engineering construction supervision is inseparable from the fact that the supervision unit is an independent subject in the construction market and its independent industry. The supervision unit is an independent, socialized and professional unit. They specialize in providing engineering technical services for project construction units. Their thoughts, theories, methods, means and contents are different from other behaviors in the field of engineering construction. At the same time, due to its special position in engineering construction and its special relationship with other construction actors, it has obvious boundaries with industries such as design, construction and material and equipment supply. Therefore, in order to ensure the independence of the engineering supervision industry. Engaged in the independence of this industry, supervision units and supervision engineers engaged in this industry must sever their personnel dependence and economic affiliation or business relationship with certain industries or units, and cannot work in certain industries.
fair
In the construction of engineering projects, what role should the supervision unit and the supervision engineer play and how to play these roles is an important issue that people engaged in engineering construction supervision should take seriously. In the process of engineering construction, on the one hand, supervision units and supervision engineers should be "service providers" who can strictly fulfill their supervision contract obligations and serve customers wholeheartedly, and at the same time, they should become "fair third parties". That is to say, in the process of providing supervision services, supervision units and supervision engineers should eliminate all kinds of interference, treat the entrusting party and the supervised party fairly, especially when there is a conflict or contradiction of interest between the construction unit and the supervised party, they can solve and handle it fairly based on facts, relevant laws and regulations and the construction contract signed by both parties, and stand in the position of a third party, so as to "fairly prove, decide or exercise their own handling rights".
The requirements for the impartiality of engineering construction supervision and supervision units are, first of all, the conditions for the construction supervision system to constrain engineering construction supervision. Because the fundamental purpose of implementing the construction supervision system is to establish a new order of engineering construction that adapts to the socialist market economy, create a stable and coordinated environment for engineering construction, and provide fair competition conditions for investors and contractors. With the implementation of the construction supervision system, supervision units and engineers play an important role in the construction of engineering projects. On the one hand, the project legal person can get rid of the trouble of specific project management; On the other hand, due to the strong support of professional supervision companies, the construction units and contractors have reached a balance in their business capabilities. In order to maintain this state, it is first necessary to formulate the constraint conditions for the supervision unit and its supervision engineer.
Justice is also the basic condition for the normal and smooth progress of engineering construction supervision. Supervision engineer's goal planning, dynamic control, organization and coordination, contract management, information management, etc. They all serve the overall goal of striving to complete the project construction task within the predetermined goal. However, without the cooperation of design, construction, materials and equipment suppliers, it is impossible to complete this task only by relying on supervision units. The key to the success of supervision depends largely on whether it can cooperate, support and cooperate with contractors and project construction units. All this needs to be based on the fairness of supervision. The integrity of engineering construction supervision is also a requirement for contractors. Because the construction supervision system gives the supervision unit the right of supervision and management in the project construction, the supervised party must accept the supervision and management of the supervisor. Therefore, they urgently require the supervision unit to handle affairs fairly and carry out engineering construction supervision activities fairly.
Justice is an inevitable requirement of the supervision industry, a socially recognized professional code, and a basic professional ethics code for supervision companies and engineers.
scientificity
China's "Regulations on Engineering Supervision and Construction" points out that engineering supervision is a highly intelligent technical service, which requires scientific principles to be followed in engineering supervision activities.
The scientific nature of engineering construction supervision is determined by its task. Engineering construction supervision takes it as its own duty to assist the construction unit to achieve the investment purpose, and strives to achieve the project within the predetermined investment, schedule and quality objectives. Nowadays, the scale of the project is getting bigger and bigger, the requirements of functions and standards are getting higher and higher, new technologies, new processes and new materials are constantly emerging, and more and more units are participating in the organization construction, so the market competition is becoming increasingly fierce and the risks are getting bigger and bigger. Therefore, only by constantly adopting new and more scientific ideas, theories, methods and means can we control the construction supervision of engineering projects.
The scientificity of engineering construction supervision depends on the socialization and specialization of the supervised units. It is socialized and specialized units that undertake the design, construction and supply of materials and equipment. They have reached a certain level in technology and management. This requires supervision units and supervision engineers to have higher quality and level. Only in this way can they implement effective supervision and management. Therefore, the supervision team should be built according to the principles of intelligence and intelligence-intensive.
The scientific nature of engineering construction supervision is determined by its technical service nature. It realizes its value through the application of scientific knowledge. Therefore, supervision units and engineers are required to provide scientific services to create greater value.
The scientificity of engineering construction supervision is determined by the characteristics of the external environment in which the project is located. Engineering projects are always surrounded by dynamic external environment and may be disturbed at any time. Therefore, project construction supervision should adapt to the ever-changing external environment of the project and resist external interference. This requires supervision engineers to have rich engineering experience, the ability to deal with emergencies and creative work.
The scientific nature of engineering construction supervision is determined by its special mission of safeguarding social public interests and national interests. The construction of engineering units involves the national economy and people's livelihood, safeguarding the safety of people's lives and property, and involving public interests. Therefore, supervision units and engineers need to complete this arduous work with a scientific attitude and method. In the process of carrying out supervision activities, supervision engineers should take safeguarding the highest interests of society as their first duty.
According to the scientific requirements of engineering construction supervision, the supervision unit should have enough qualified supervision engineers; There must be a scientific management system; To be equipped with computer-aided supervision software vinegar. It is necessary to master advanced supervision theories and methods and accumulate enough technical and economic information and data; There should be modern supervision means.
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