The onset of this disease is often ignored by parents, who mistakenly think that it is a child's habit problem and get scolded, or think that it is an eye disease or throat disease and go to ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology. Others believe that Tourette's disease will recover naturally when it grows up, so they don't pay enough attention to the sick children, which is easy to delay the best treatment opportunity.
Although Tourette's disease is not a serious disease and there is no obvious organ damage, it may cause obstacles to children's study, life and social interaction, and it may bring great psychological burden to families because it cannot be controlled quickly after the onset. Therefore, we must pay enough attention to Tourette's syndrome.
Tourette's syndrome in children is an involuntary, recurrent and aimless movement or vocalization. Its manifestations are various, mainly divided into two categories: motor twitch and vocal twitch. Some children's convulsive forms can be changed, such as blinking and shrugging, and after a while they will become nodding, shrugging and involuntary voice. Clinical observation shows that most children with TIC disorder are sensitive, shy, unsociable and easily excited and excited.
Tourette's syndrome is characterized by transience, rapidity, suddenness, different degrees and voluntary movement. At first, I blinked, winked, sniffed, pouted, opened my mouth, stuck out my tongue and nodded frequently. With the progress of the disease, convulsions are gradually diversified, such as shrugging, twisting neck, shaking head, kicking, cutting or limb convulsions. Symptoms are more obvious when you are nervous or anxious, and disappear after falling asleep.
There are many kinds of vocal convulsions, such as explosive, repeated vocalization, noise elimination and snoring, unclear syllables, improper stress and constant foul language. Impatient and irritable, often accompanied by inattention or poor grades in class. In severe cases, the movement and pronunciation affect the learning and classroom order, and the convulsion symptoms are fluctuating, progressive and chronic.
Tourette's syndrome has many symptoms besides complicated symptoms. As long as there are * * * existential diseases, especially * * existential diseases, the earlier they appear, the greater the possibility that the diseases will become complicated and difficult to treat. Even need treatment * * * to get better, so it is very important to find and identify * * * in time.
* * * Existing diseases are:
1. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder characterized by inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsiveness is ADHD in children. Boys are more common.
2. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), including various obsessive-compulsive concepts and behaviors that appear alone or at the same time, appears repeatedly in thoughts and actions, but can't stop knowing that it is wrong and can never get rid of it. Sometimes it is very painful, and there will be self-harm behaviors, such as biting your tongue, biting your fingers, damaging your skin, disfiguring your face, etc. It often leaves infection or scars, and even reveals suicidal thoughts that don't want to live. So you must be on high alert to prevent accidents. Girls are more common.
3. Conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder, both of which have anti-social tendencies, can not be ignored. Many parents often mistakenly think that these manifestations are not pathological, that they are just stubborn, beat and scold them, and as a result, their illness gets worse.
4. Learning disabilities are cognitive disabilities, mainly reading disabilities and math difficulties, which will seriously affect academic performance.
5. Emotional disorders, mainly depression and bad emotions, adult alternating depression and mania can also occur in children and adolescents.
6. Anxiety disorder is mainly fear and anxiety, such as fear of separation from relatives, fear of accidents to relatives, fear of going to school, long-term excessive fear of strangers, fear of socializing, and even anxiety and anxiety about the future every day.
7. Autism and related diseases, including language barriers and Asperger's syndrome similar to autism.
8. Aggressive behavior, such as unprovoked provocation, verbal abuse, beating, vandalism and vandalism.
Because the condition is complicated and painful, uncontrollable, and the course of disease is prolonged repeatedly, the quality of life of children is poor, which is mainly caused by various diseases, not Tourette's syndrome itself.
The etiology of Tourette's syndrome in children is not clear at present, and it is generally considered to be related to genetic factors, mental factors and physical factors. After investigation, scholars at home and abroad found that the incidence of Tourette's disease among relatives of Tourette's patients was significantly higher than that of other people. The study of twins also proved that the consistency of their illness reached 56%. Excessive mental stress, fear, etc. Can induce TIC disorder. Physical factors are common in upper respiratory tract infection, inflammation of nasopharyngeal cavity and pharyngeal junction membrane, or discomfort in some parts causes local irritation discomfort, resulting in protective or habitual movements and fixation. For example, blinking can be caused by conjunctival inflammation or intraocular foreign bodies; Frowning and wrinkling may be because the hat is too small or the glasses frame is not suitable. After removing the above reasons, the action itself has lost its rationality, but it has formed an inert focus of excitement in the cerebral cortex and repeated convulsions; Imitating other people's bad actions or physical defects will also become habitual actions, forming this disease.
Inducing factors of TIC disorder:
Perinatal factors: mental stress during pregnancy, high fever, pre-eclampsia, dystocia, postpartum asphyxia, neonatal jaundice, caesarean section, etc.
2. Infection factors: upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, mumps, rhinitis, pharyngitis, chicken pox, various encephalitis, viral hepatitis, etc.
3. Mental factors: fright, emotional excitement, sadness, watching thriller TV, novels and stimulating cartoons, playing video games too much, etc.
4. Family factors: tension between parents, divorce, reprimanding or beating children, etc.
5. Other factors: epilepsy, trauma, carbon monoxide poisoning, toxic dyspepsia, allergies, etc.
Studies have shown that there are two main reasons for Tourette's syndrome in children. One is internal cause, that is, genetic defect. Experiments have proved that Tourette's disease often has a family history. But the external cause is more critical, and it is the child's bad lifestyle. Nowadays, many children like to eat fast food, drink cola, watch TV and play computer, which will have a great influence on the development of children's brain and nerves. With the development of society, the accelerated pace of life, the development of families to only children, parents' expectations, the pressure of study, the competition for further studies, and the complicated and changeable social environment, all bring different degrees of tension and psychological pressure to children. Children lack partners in the process of growing up, and many parents control or even prohibit their children from contacting the outside world for safety reasons. In the long run, children's interpersonal skills are bound to be low, and their mental health is not optimistic, which is extremely unfavorable to their growth. In addition, the lack of playmates also makes children more dependent on TV and computers. Medical research shows that watching TV and computer for a long time will cause abnormal development of children's brain nerves, which will greatly increase the possibility of TIC disorder in children.
Prognosis of Tourette's syndrome in children: Before 1970s, Tourette's syndrome was considered as a lifelong disease. However, in recent years, studies have shown that Tourette's syndrome is a developmental disorder related to heredity, which may be completely relieved naturally after puberty, with a relatively good prognosis. Symptoms often fluctuate after childhood onset, peak in adolescence and improve significantly in early adulthood. According to statistics, about 1/3 TIC symptoms are completely relieved when the disease reaches adulthood; 1/3 TIC symptoms were obviously relieved; In addition, 1/3 TIC symptoms are still obvious. About 48% may have compulsive behaviors, such as forced counting, forced walking and forced touching. In addition, a small number of patients may be accompanied by conduct disorder, which may easily lead to criminal offences and the prognosis may be poor. Therefore, controlling TIC symptoms in time, reducing physical discomfort and psychological burden, and correcting bad behaviors and emotions are of great significance for the prognosis of this disease and preventing the occurrence of serious behavioral disorders.
Nursing care of children with TIC disorder;
1. Daily care: children's daily life should be arranged reasonably, so that life has certain rules, and the daily schedule is relatively fixed. Make sure your child has enough sleep time to avoid excessive fatigue, tension or excitement.
Children's diet is best to give nutritious and digestible food, eat more light vegetables and fruits with high vitamins, and don't overeat. Try not to drink coffee, so as not to get too excited, and try not to eat seafood such as fish, shrimp and mutton, fried food and spicy food. Scientific and reasonable arrangement of children's diet and daily life plays a very important role in improving the curative effect.
2. Bedroom environment: In addition to paying attention to window ventilation and suitable temperature, the most important thing for children's bedrooms is to require a quiet environment and reduce noise. Children with Tourette's syndrome have central nervous system dysfunction. If there is noise interference for a long time, it will definitely aggravate the condition or induce convulsions. Don't play rock music and percussion loudly, but play some slow and soft music such as classical music and serenade in the local area. Let children live in a relatively quiet environment, which will be conducive to the recovery of the disease.
3. Discipline: Parents should not relax their discipline because they are worried about their children's illness, let alone spoil them. However, it should be noted that the way of discipline should be patient persuasion and education, not beating, scolding or corporal punishment. As for game activities, children should not be allowed to play video games or computer games, and it is forbidden to watch some thrilling and scary movies or TV programs. For martial arts films or gun battles, watch less or even not, so as not to aggravate the twitch due to excessive mental stress. For children who swear, we should correctly guide the use of civilized language.
4. Going to school: Because the intelligence of children with Tourette's syndrome is generally unaffected, they can enter school normally, but it should be noted that the learning burden of children should not be too heavy. However, when children have particularly frequent seizures, medication is uncontrollable or accompanied by serious behavior problems, they need to take a break from school for a period of time, and then continue to go to school after the clinical symptoms are obviously relieved or basically controlled.
5. Psychological care: First of all, we should explain and educate parents, teachers and classmates about the characteristics and nature of this disease, and strive for the whole society's understanding of this disease and understanding and tolerance for children. In particular, parents should actively cooperate with the doctor's treatment, do not pay special attention to or remind the child's TIC symptoms, and strive to shape a good character and maintain a stable mood. The language is friendly, and praise and encouragement are often used. Patiently understand the child's psychological activities, and never show impatience and anxiety.
Psychotherapy is mainly to solve children's emotional problems and other accompanying symptoms. Eliminate inducing factors, restore children's self-confidence and prevent other psychological problems. Relieve symptoms indirectly and play an irreplaceable role in drug treatment.
Children are ridiculed and ridiculed by their peers because they show uncontrollable symptoms, resulting in inferiority complex. They are also influenced by their parents' too much worry and anxiety, and take their illness too seriously, forming a psychological shadow. Parents should not be too worried and nervous, have a correct understanding of the disease and cooperate with doctors to treat their children.
Try not to say anything unhappy about children. The child has made a mistake, so he can't be insulted or beaten. They should be carefully enlightened and patiently persuaded. Ensure children's emotional stability. It is necessary to get in touch with school teachers, so that teachers can give more correct guidance and students can give more help. The purpose is to prevent students or people around them from discriminating against children, let children feel that there is a warm and safe environment everywhere, and let children feel happy in life, thus eliminating inferiority complex and helping to alleviate TIC symptoms.
It is recommended that children strive to do the following:
1. Establish confidence in overcoming the disease, know that your disease can be cured, and actively cooperate with parents and doctors for treatment.
2. Know that your uncontrollable symptoms are caused by illness, others can understand, don't feel inferior, take the initiative to communicate with your classmates and enhance friendship.
3. When the convulsion is serious, which affects the study and makes the grade drop, you should know that it is temporary, and you can catch up or surpass it by redoubling your efforts in the future.
4. Avoid mood swings, watch less TV, play no video games, watch no horror movies, get along well with classmates and don't fight.