The excavation of the Grand Canal increased the burden on the people and became an important reason for the demise of the Sui Dynasty. However, the root cause of the demise of the Sui Dynasty was the tyranny of Yang Di, and the construction of the Grand Canal was only a manifestation of its tyranny, not the root cause of the demise of the Sui Dynasty.
Hu Ceng's Poem on Bianshui in the Tang Dynasty was originally written like this:
Once the long river is opened, it will be nine days of the demise of the Sui Dynasty.
The brocade sail has not fallen, and the dragon boat has not returned.
Translation:
Once the Grand Canal is built, the tide of the demise of the Sui Dynasty will naturally emerge from all over the country. The gorgeous sail of Yang Guang's trip has not yet fallen, and the war has already started, which makes people lament that his dragon boat is gone forever.
Extended data
The author's life
Hu Ceng, also known as Mr. Akita, was born around the fourth year of Kaicheng, Tang Wenzong (AD 839), and the year of his death is unknown. Hu Ceng's father Juan was born late, and the couple cherished the young Hu Ceng and placed high hopes on him. I hope he can shine when he grows up, and Hu Ceng has lived up to his expectations. He was smart, studious and hardworking since he was a child. As a teenager, he was able to write poems and essays, which made him famous in the village.
Hu Ceng is an aboveboard person, who regards wealth as a cloud. Scholars around him appreciate his articles and talents and are willing to make friends with him. When he was young, Hu Ceng began to travel around the world and became the home of the world. Therefore, he witnessed the dark reality of rural feudal society in the late Tang Dynasty for a long time and was very concerned about the sufferings of the lower working people.
As an intellectual in feudal society, Hu Ceng also showed a considerable sense of social responsibility. He used poetry to satirize the present, admonished and advised the rulers to take history as a mirror, not to be dissolute, satirize and expose the corruption of the rulers, and expressed deep sympathy for the tragic life of ordinary people.
During his stay in Xian Tong, Hu Ceng began to go to Beijing to take the Jinshi exam, but because the imperial examination system at that time was still unfair, he failed many times. Since then, Hu Ceng has lived in Chang 'an. During this period, on the one hand, he made some scholar-bureaucrat friends, on the other hand, he also had the opportunity to learn more about the dark inside story in feudal officialdom. Therefore, although he failed to enter the officialdom, his family was poor and his politics was not satisfactory, his epic poems and his literary titles gradually increased in the society at that time, and more and more people knew him in Chang 'an City.
In the 12th year of Tang Xiantong (AD 87 1 year), I built Nanxi Xichuan and invited Yan Lu to be a secretary, with great achievements. At that time, the small ethnic groups in the southwest often invaded the border of Shu in the Tang Dynasty, leaving all local officials at a loss. However, after Hu arrived in Shu, it took only a huge battle to persuade the eight countries of Xishan to come to Korea, thus becoming famous in one fell swoop.
Later, Yan Lu was defeated and Gao Pian succeeded to the throne. He also appreciated Hu Ceng's talent and fame, and invited him to enter the shogunate to continue as a secretary. Gao Pian thinks highly of Hu Ceng and often asks him to consult confidential information. After Hu Ceng served as Gao Pian's aide, the memorials and official documents of the government in our time were written by Hu Ceng. In the late Tang Dynasty, Nanzhao, a southwest frontier, was a very aggressive nation. Wang Yixin, the king of Nanzhao, carved up the present western Yunnan, and constantly invaded and harassed the border areas of western Sichuan, making the border people of Sichuan and Nanzhao ethnic minorities unbearable to war, displaced and miserable.
When Hu Zengzhu took office, it coincided with the invasion of Nanzhao king, trying to escape Shu and get a glimpse of the Central Plains. His arrogance is very arrogant. In order to stop this war, ensure the peace of the border, and make the people of Shu and Nanzhao ethnic minorities get back together, after repeated weighing by Gao Pian and Hu Ceng, Hu Ceng decided to draft an article "Answering Nanzhao King", which is the famous "Answering Nanzhao Death" in history.
Hu Ceng's action, Gao Pian soldiers followed. After reading Hu Ceng's obituary, Nanzhao King was convinced of the truth in the obituary, and he was in awe of the awe-inspiring righteousness in the obituary and the powerful military power of the Tang Dynasty. He dared not expect anything any more, so he immediately sent messengers to meet him and sent his son to the Tang Dynasty as a hostage, demanding a truce and reconciliation. From then on, there was no more war between Nanzhao and Tang Dynasty, and people on the border got along well and lived and worked in peace. After that, Gao Pian was transferred to Jingnan, and Hu Ceng followed him. Soon, Hu Ceng found that Gao Pian had the intention of rebellion, so he resolutely resigned.
After Hu Ceng left Gao Pian, he served as a Tang Dynasty envoy to prolong his life (now Ningyuan county magistrate). During the extension of the Tang Dynasty, he compiled a book introducing the geographical situation of Jiuyi Mountain in southern Hunan-Jiuyi Tujing, and after consulting the imperial court, he built a Shun Temple under Yuyi Mountain, which is still of great reference significance for today's study of Jiuyi Mountain and Shun culture.
In his later years, Hu Ceng was canonized as three subjects by the court, and was given a gift to return home. Later, he died at home and died in Zhushanwan (now Akita Village, Changyangpu Town, Shaoyang County) in the west of Shaozhou.
Hu Ceng wrote many articles and poems in his life. The Book of the New Tang Dynasty records Ding Anji 10, which has been lost, including Nine Pictures and Poems. Hu Ceng's poems are often used as evidence in popular novels, such as Wu Wang's Pinghua, History of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Pinghua of the Three Kingdoms, etc., all of which have quoted his poems to prove history.
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