Emile's Reflection-Emile is an unusual educational book. The first sentence at the beginning makes people feel that it is a cultural crystallization with profound philosophy and boiling feelings. "Everything that comes from the creator's hand is good, but when it comes to people's hands, it goes bad." It is unabashedly expressed that the author advocates that human nature is good, that the purpose of education is to cultivate natural people, and that the content and method of education should be reformed to make it conform to children's nature and let children develop physically and mentally freely.
Rousseau's nature education is to follow the eternal laws of nature and let people develop physically and mentally freely. Therefore, he believes that this kind of educational means is life and practice, so that children can obtain the knowledge they need from their personal experience of life and practice through sensory feelings. He advocates the use of physical teaching and intuitive teaching methods, and opposes abstract book learning. Rousseau advocated nature education. At that time, when the school was attached to the church and children's personality development was bound by religious beliefs, the "personality liberation" he longed for objectively met the requirements of social progress under the historical conditions at that time. The intuitive teaching method advocated by him is simple, but it can also be used for reference. However, Rousseau is an idealist deist, and he advocates the "child-centered theory" of education based on children's personal hobbies and interests. He unilaterally emphasized that children should acquire knowledge from personal activities and despised the systematic education of scientific and cultural knowledge accumulated by human beings.
In Emile, the author's yearning for "freedom" is expressed between the lines, so it is particularly emphasized that education should be based on nature, not people, and the object of education should be people created by nature, not people. However, this defect cannot be concealed in. Rousseau educated his beloved son with equality and fraternity. This imaginary orphan lives happily in a free world that is not forced.
Rousseau is also very strict with his teachers. He put it this way: "people may wish that his teacher had taught students, and this hope is too great;" The same person can only teach students once. If it takes two times to teach well, what right does he have to teach for the first time? A more experienced person can certainly do better; But he can't do it. No matter who has successfully completed this profession once, he will feel the bitterness, so he has no intention to engage in such work again; As for saying that he did badly the first time, it is foreseeable that the second time will be very poor. " I think this view should attract our attention as teachers. When we encounter problems in education, but we can't find a solution, sometimes we will take some negative measures, that is, some temporary solutions instead of permanent solutions. Responsible teachers will continue to explore solutions, and some people will avoid the important and avoid problems. For these, teachers may just be our profession and the job we live on, but for our working object-students, maybe our temporary laziness will cause a big shortcoming in their education and there is no second chance to make up for it.
After reading this book, I feel very inspired. I think in our usual education, we don't pay enough attention to students' dominant position, cultivate children's thoughts and sentiments, and don't fully consider students' autonomy and individual differences. There is such a passage in the book, which is worth mentioning: "The problem is not to teach him all kinds of knowledge, but to cultivate his interest in learning. When this interest is fully increased, teach him the methods of learning knowledge." This period of time just happened that he gradually developed the habit of paying attention to the same thing for a long time. "This reminds us that while imparting knowledge to students, we should pay attention to stimulating students' interest, making them interested in learning, making them love learning and take the initiative to learn.
"teacher! Ah, what a noble man! ..... In fact, in order to make a person, he should be a father or a more educated person. " Rousseau's thoughts always remind us that I am a man engaged in noble cause! When we are engaged in education, we must fully consider students' subjectivity, fully stimulate students' interest, and change "I want to learn" into "I want to learn".
Reflections on Emile II Rousseau's Emile written in 1757 is a masterpiece of educational theory. This book mainly describes the physiological and psychological characteristics, growth process and educational methods of the fictional aristocratic son Emil from birth to adulthood, which is vivid and is a theoretical masterpiece of modern educational art.
Rousseau put forward a viewpoint in Emile: children should develop naturally according to their own nature, and I agree with him.
Rousseau believes that education follows nature and conforms to children's nature, and should not interfere with children and impose adult thinking on them. Now young parents feel the increasingly fierce competition in society, and are afraid that their children will lose at the starting line and even be eliminated by society in the future. Therefore, they are eager for their children's success. They accompany their children to shuttle between different types of instrumental music, art, dance and English, and arbitrarily occupy their children's play time without considering their thoughts. Children should be allowed to grow freely. Any social interference with children will make them feel unfree, unequal and even sinful. Any way of education that goes against nature will lead to the abnormal development of children and have serious consequences. Children are not containers that can be shaped and filled at will, not whiteboards, but "natural existence" with its fixed laws. In our educational life, we should educate children as living people. Any teaching that violates the law of students' physical and mental development is inhuman and cannot exist for a long time. "Everything is good from the creator, but once it is held, it becomes bad." Therefore, Rousseau strongly advocated that children should be kept away from society, return to nature, see and listen in the natural environment and not accept secular influences before their understanding has developed. Let them run freely and laugh heartily. Return to nature, let children adopt the aura of heaven and earth, collect the essence of the sun and the moon, and thus cultivate their spirituality and personality. Reflecting on our education, in the dead of night, I feel like I am training a machine to cope with exams.
As a teacher, I should clearly realize the importance of the concept of nature education, fully tap children's talents, make children's hearts close to nature, and let children grow up in free air.
Rousseau's Emile can also be regarded as an education of human nature. What is the purpose of human education? I have always believed that the purpose of education is to get happiness.
Rousseau said: "naturally, children want to look like children before they become adults." If we disrupt this order, some fruits will be premature, not full and sweet, and will soon rot. " Therefore, when educating children, we should respect their wishes as much as possible, let them run freely on the Yuan Ye, play as much as possible, cultivate creativity and grow up happily in games.
In our usual teaching, we should pay more attention to the cultivation of children's thoughts and feelings, actively guide and encourage students to experience the beauty of nature, exercise children's ability to live independently, cultivate children's spirit of overcoming difficulties, unity and mutual assistance, and establish good interpersonal relationships. So as to promote students' all-round development and active development in a greater sense.
I believe that as long as we work hard and live a happy and complete educational life, it will not be far away. Buddha said: Life is a process from scratch, because your actions make life meaningful. Life should be happy and complete, we are just trying to get him back to the original appearance!
Reflections on Emile III During this period, I carefully read Emile written by Rousseau, which expounded Rousseau's views on human education and benefited me a lot.
Rousseau's nature education is to follow the eternal laws of nature and let people develop freely physically and mentally. He believes that the means of this kind of education is life and practice, so that children can obtain the knowledge they need from their personal experience of life and practice and through sensory feelings. He advocates the use of physical teaching and intuitive teaching methods, and opposes abstract book learning. This kind of natural education also has certain educational significance for today's educators, so that children can gain knowledge from personal activities. Bing Xin once said: Let children grow naturally like wild flowers. Cai Zhizhong once said: Let the child be himself happily.
There is a passage in the book that is worth learning: "The problem is not to teach him all kinds of knowledge, but to cultivate his interest in learning. When this interest grows fully, teach him the methods of learning knowledge. During this time, he slowly developed the habit of paying attention to the same thing for a long time. " Rousseau's passage has three key words, namely "interest, method and habit". Indeed, doing anything well is inseparable from these points. Without interest, there will be no motivation. Therefore, interest is the premise. Then how can we cultivate children's interest in things or learning? I think children should be kept curious about things or knowledge and feel the joy of success when they study. If students are studying, teachers should not be stingy with their appreciation, but should give their children affirmation in time. When children find learning interesting, teachers should guide them to master the method of autonomous learning in the process of learning. The process of self-learning and operation is the process of habit formation.
Rousseau said: in childhood, don't reason with your child, because that will only make him feel that "truth" is boring and hate "truth" from an early age. Every child has a unique talent. On the basis of fully understanding his unique talent, we should find the most suitable education method for him, teach students in accordance with their aptitude and make their efforts rewarded. In teaching, I often reason with students, but I feel that the effect is not very good. Rousseau's point of view inspired me a lot. Students are young and can't really understand some truths. Reasoning with them, it is better to observe him carefully, understand him, and let his mind only focus on happiness and try to play. Learn knowledge through fun and play. Some of his shortcomings or mistakes should be determined before moving. Just like a good doctor, he will not prescribe drugs in a muddle, and he must study the diagnosis before starting treatment.
Rousseau's different ways of educating girls and boys also inspired me. Rousseau said that to educate girls, you only need to tell her what others will think of her, and you can manage them well. For boys, it's like casting pearls before swine. I used to pay special attention to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. But few people think that different genders adopt different educational methods. In the future, I will actively adopt these good educational methods I have learned. I think it is more convenient and effective to educate students.
This book has taught me a lot of new ideas for educating students and gained a lot. In the future, I will pay more attention to children's education methods, develop intelligence and ability in teaching, develop intelligence and non-intelligence factors from the perspective of educating people, and promote students' all-round development and active development.