Like many other construction projects, railway engineering projects have the characteristics of long production cycle and high cost. In order to ensure the rational use of material resources, manpower and financial resources in engineering construction and obtain the maximum economic and social benefits with a small investment, the management and control of engineering cost is very important and necessary. Project cost management is to control all kinds of project investment in the decision-making stage, design stage, implementation stage and final settlement stage of construction project within the approved limit by using scientific and technological principles and economic and legal management means on the premise of meeting reasonable project quality standards. Because every link in the project construction process directly or indirectly affects the total cost of the project, coupled with the increasingly fierce competition in the construction market and the changeable characteristics of the socialist market economy, the determination and control of project investment is more complicated due to the influence of many factors, and it is also facing many new topics. In view of the fact that the management and control of project cost is one of the important measures related to the national economy and people's livelihood, the railway investment and construction management system and relevant units and departments should keep pace with the times, dare to innovate, speed up the pace of reform, run the management and control of project cost through the whole process of the project, and constantly strengthen and improve it. First, the early cost control 1, control the bidding stage-the main factors affecting the project bidding cost have become the main way for the construction market to win the task. Bidding is a way to openly select contractors, that is, on the premise of meeting the construction period and quality, by introducing market competition and selecting suitable bidders, price competition is undoubtedly the core content of bidding work. Therefore, according to the actual situation of the enterprise, on the basis of comprehensive consideration of the construction standard level, construction site, project investment scale and technical equipment selection, we should carefully prepare appropriate, detailed, qualified and low-priced tenders, especially the compilation of the bill of quantities must be scientific and reasonable, and the list items should be complete and accurate. At the same time, the quality, project cost, project payment, quality warranty period, completion acceptance and liability for breach of contract should be clearly indicated in the contract terms. The scheme selection should comprehensively consider the construction scheme and future operation and maintenance scheme, and the price target selection should also ensure the lowest life cycle cost of the construction project. 2. Control the design stage-the key to reduce the project cost. Scientific and reasonable design can reduce the project cost of 10%. Therefore, the influence of design stage on project investment is extremely important. First of all, after the approval of the project construction is issued, the staff should do a good job in feasibility study and prepare for the overall planning and design according to the actual situation of local economic development and the source and quantity of project funds. Secondly, actively carry out quota design, according to the approved design task book and the approved preliminary design total budget, and the content, scope and investment determined in the design must be implemented according to the approval. Third, strictly review the economy, safety, rationality and technical maturity of the design, reduce the one-time investment of the project, and avoid rework and waste caused by modifying the design while constructing. Fourthly, introduce supervision work, cooperate with and assist the owners to choose economic and reasonable building materials, save the building area, volume and land, reduce the weight of the structure and simplify the building structure. Second, the medium-term cost control 1, before construction, the blue prints.the design shall be carried out first, and technical disclosure shall be made. That is, organize construction personnel to conduct on-the-spot investigation, and correctly understand the design intent of the drawings through understanding, familiarity and mastery of the actual situation on site. If there is any problem with the design or it is not in conformity with the actual situation, it should be reported in time for adjustment, so as to avoid affecting the construction progress and even causing undue rework and waste due to design changes during the construction process. Secondly, do a good job in the planning and design of construction organization and scheme. The construction unit shall, on the basis of comprehensive consideration of the life cycle cost of the project, formulate the overall planning, construction organization design scheme and specific construction measures of the project. The final determination and selection of the scheme need to be verified by the design unit, the site representative of the construction unit, the construction unit and the supervision unit to minimize unnecessary expenses. Third, do a good job in ordering and purchasing materials and equipment. Railway engineering construction is a project involving many aspects. The price of materials and equipment consumed in engineering construction will directly affect the engineering cost. Therefore, on the one hand, we should correctly introduce the competition mechanism and carry out the bidding for its procurement and supply; On the other hand, it is necessary to shop around and carefully select high-quality and cheap raw materials to prevent shoddy. Fourth, do a good job in the signing and management of construction contracts. A scientific, reasonable, legal and complete contract agreement is the main basis for reducing disputes between the owner and the construction unit, safeguarding the interests of both parties and effectively controlling the construction investment cost. The construction unit should not only be fully familiar with and understand all the terms in the contract, but also fully and conscientiously perform and execute them to avoid claims or counterclaims. 2. First, strengthen the supervision of cost supervision in the construction process. Although the construction period and cost of the project are clearly stipulated in the contract, design documents and construction scheme, in the actual construction process, due to the influence of many factors such as environment and man-made, some situations such as high quota, over-calculation of engineering quantity and high estimation occur from time to time. In order to avoid such problems as much as possible and reduce the budget exceeding the standard, it is necessary to actively carry out cost supervision and strengthen supervision, which will not only help to control the project cost, but also help to ensure the project quality. Second, strengthen the on-site process management in the construction process. Arrange the working procedure sequence reasonably to avoid the delay of construction period and the waste of raw materials caused by repeated construction. During the construction, each working procedure should have a clear division of labor, and the responsibility should be implemented to people. Through the establishment of post responsibility card, indicate the process name, process director, quality director and foreman responsible for construction, so as to enhance the sense of responsibility of each employee and realize civilized construction. After the construction of each working procedure is completed, engineering measurement, project payment list audit and project price settlement should be carried out correctly according to the terms of the contract. Third, strengthen the engineering quality monitoring in the construction process. Quality management runs through the whole process and every link of quality formation. In engineering construction, we should strictly follow the quality control procedures, detailed quality management work plan and construction technical scheme, and operate in accordance with various rules and regulations of quality management and a sound quality assurance system. After each working procedure is completed, the construction enterprise shall conduct quality self-inspection and report it to the on-site supervision engineer for sampling inspection. Only when the sampling inspection is qualified can the next working procedure be carried out. Fourth, strengthen the enforcement of on-site visa in the construction process. In the process of construction, the construction unit, the resident supervisor and even the representative of Party A require them to have a high sense of mission and responsibility. They should keep records of all procedures or expenditures of any funds during the construction, such as changes in projects, substitution of materials and extra labor, especially records of concealed works and visa work, so as to avoid disputes during settlement. The increase or decrease of engineering quantity and cost must be approved by the relevant departments and signed before it can take effect. Third, the late cost management and control This stage refers to the cost control at the time of completion acceptance settlement, which is the last level of cost management. If the project is not checked and accepted in time, on the one hand, it will increase the management cost, on the other hand, it will affect the settlement and collection of the final payment of the project, on the other hand, it will extend the warranty period, increase the warranty cost accordingly, and the potential liability risk will also increase. So it should be accepted and settled in time. Acceptance personnel should carefully check the contracted projects completed by the construction unit in accordance with the terms of the project contract, check whether the project quality, progress, completed contents and design changes meet the contract requirements, check whether the valuation basis, preferential terms and settlement methods are different from those stipulated in the contract, and resolutely modify and correct unreasonable charges and charges that do not meet the contract requirements. 4. Conclusion As a valuable technical resource in the field of railway construction, the formulation and implementation of railway engineering cost standard system not only provides a basis for the reasonable cost management and control of the project, but also provides a basis for the reasonable determination of capital construction investment and investment control under the conditions of non-market economy in China. In view of the rapid development of China's railways and the problems existing in the project cost, the railway departments should adopt effective methods and measures to manage and control the railway project cost.
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