I'm a novice and I'm learning to drive. I want to ask you some questions. Please, thank you.

Learning to drive in the same place (1) Content: Be familiar with the names, functions and usage of various operating parts, switches and instruments of the vehicle. Understand the vehicle self-inspection items. Unified getting on and off and correct driving posture. How to use the throttle, clutch and handbrake? How to play the steering wheel. Upshifts and downshifts are in place. Start and stop of engine. First, be familiar with the names, functions and usage of various operating parts, switches and instruments of vehicles. Operation part: mainly steering wheel, gear lever, hand brake lever, brake pedal, clutch pedal and ignition switch. Instruments: gasoline meter (light), oil pressure meter (light), water temperature meter, speedometer, etc. Good habit of observing instruments will bring beneficial help to safe driving and skilled operation. Second, understand the vehicle self-inspection items 1, and the items that need to be checked before leaving the vehicle: lubricating oil quantity, fuel quantity, cooling water, hand and foot braking devices, horns, lights, wipers, steering devices, instruments, tire pressure, tire nuts, etc. 2. Inspection items during driving: working conditions of various instruments. Communicate the working conditions of the steering system and whether the hand and foot brakes work normally; Engine and chassis have abnormal sound and odor. Check whether there is oil leakage, water leakage and air leakage when stopping. 3. Inspection items after receiving the car: check and replenish fuel, lubricating oil, cooling water tires, etc. Third, unify the action of getting on and off and the correct driving posture. Getting on and off: students who get on the bus go around the left front door of the car from the back of the car body and get on the bus; The students who got off the bus returned to the carriage from the left. The substitution in the carriage. Students who get on the bus go around the front of the car and get on the bus from the left front door; Students who get off the bus get on the bus from the left back door. Students move to the right in turn and take turns to change people. Action sequence of entering the cab: Before opening the door, look around, pay special attention to the vehicles behind, and open the door without hindering the normal driving of other vehicles. Open the door with your left hand when you get on the bus. Hold the lower edge of the window with your left hand, step on the pedal with your left foot and hold the steering wheel with your right hand. At the same time, lift your right foot and put it under the accelerator pedal, sit down and put your left foot away. After entering the cab and taking a seat, start to close the door. When the door is closed to the last 10CM, immediately close the door, fasten the seat belt, adjust the seat and mirror, and don't look down at the handlebar, steering wheel, etc. Walking out of the cab is the opposite of entering the cab. Before opening the door, pay attention to the surrounding conditions, especially the vehicles behind, and confirm that there are no vehicles approaching before opening the door. After getting off the bus, pull the door handle with your left hand against the door. Gently push the door and close it. 4. How to use the throttle, clutch and hand brake: 1. How to use the accelerator: the accelerator is the accelerator pedal. When using, you should step slowly and lift slowly, and learn how to step on the small throttle, the medium throttle and the large throttle. 2. How to use the clutch: (1) The function of the clutch is to make the power of the engine smoothly engage or temporarily separate from the transmission device, so as to facilitate the driver to start, stop and shift gears. (2) Clutch "linkage point": When the clutch is loosened to a certain position (a certain point), the power of the engine begins to be transmitted to the transmission mechanism, and the starting point of this force transmission is the "linkage point". (3) Method of judging the linkage point: When the clutch is lifted, the engine sound begins to sink and the power begins to drive, which is called the linkage point. When the clutch is lifted, the car will feel a period of shaking from static to dynamic. At this time, the hand on the steering wheel will feel the shaking force. At this time, the clutch is at the "linkage point", which is also called "semi-linkage". When the engine sound changes and the vehicle vibrates slightly, the feet will feel it. At this time, the clutch is at the "linkage point". (4) Step on the clutch to the end. (5) The process of releasing the clutch: two fast, one slow and one stop. Quick: When you start to loosen the clutch, you should act quickly. Deceleration: When the clutch is loose enough to enter the relay state (initial linkage), the action should be slow. One pause: when the clutch is loose enough to enter the relay state (semi-linkage), the action pauses slightly. Second Slow: When the clutch is about to leave the "linkage point" position (full linkage), the action should be slow. The second fastest: when the clutch is loose enough to fully engage (enter the free stroke of the clutch), the action should be fast. Two-speed, two-slow and one-stop is helpful for students to understand the linkage point of clutch and the combination process of clutch, and achieve the requirements of two-speed, one-slow and one-stop after proficiency. (6) Oil distribution and cooperation: that is, turn off the throttle before stepping on the clutch, and slightly refuel while lifting the clutch. 3. How to use the handbrake and foot brake: 1) The handbrake is mainly used to prevent the car from slipping when parking, and tighten the joystick of the handbrake if necessary. 2) How to use the brake pedal (foot brake): In a stationary vehicle, brake the pedal repeatedly to experience the free stroke and effective stroke of the brake pedal. Practice using the brakes predictably according to the speed and stopping point during driving. There is a process of "light, heavy and light" when using the brakes. 5. Correct grip and play of the steering wheel: Hold the clock hands 9- 10 (left hand) and 3-4 (right hand) gently with both hands on the steering wheel, and don't put your thumb on the inside of the steering wheel, but on the upper side. Cross play: Take hitting the ball to the right as an example. When the steering wheel turns right, turn right with both hands first, and then continue to turn with the left hand. When the right hand reaches the top of the right leg, release the steering wheel and turn the steering wheel with the left hand. At the same time, the right hand reaches the position of 12, grasp the steering wheel and turn to the right. At this time, the left hand should be put back to its original position (9- 10). When driving in a straight line, use the steering wheel on the principle of pushing less and returning less, and the rotation amount should be small. When the eyebrows are bent, both hands rotate at the same time, which can pass smoothly. When you encounter a corner with a large angle, you should use the steering wheel flexibly and use cross play. You can't play at once. If you don't start playing in the right direction, you can make up for it. Sixth, in-situ addition and subtraction exercise: familiar with each gear. Practice the matching relationship between gear lever, clutch and throttle. The coach can practice adding and subtracting gears with export orders or students' own export orders, and make clear the relationship between gears and speed. The gear changes with the change of vehicle speed. When the car is in a hurry, the speed will be adjusted to high speed, and if the deceleration speed is reduced to low speed, the speed will be adjusted to low speed. 7. When the engine is started and turned off, first tighten the hand brake, step on the clutch pedal to the end, put the gear lever in neutral, slightly step on the accelerator pedal, turn the engine key to the right to the end (start), and immediately release the engine ignition key after the engine is started. Turn the engine key. If the engine still can't start after 5 to 6 seconds, please turn off the switch and wait for some time before operating. The interval shall not be less than 10~ 15 seconds, and it shall be used continuously for no more than 3 times, so as to prevent excessive use from burning the starter. When the engine is off, turn the engine ignition key back to the left. Precautions: When starting, avoid hitting the motor for a long time and correctly judge that the vehicle is in the starting state. Clutch: function and use. Avoid stepping on the clutch for a long time. Brake, step again, and keep a certain inertia. Put your right foot on the brake without putting the accelerator, and avoid putting it on the car floor. Correct driving posture, look straight ahead, don't look down at the steering wheel. Learning to drive (2) Primary driving training "Parking driving training" mainly includes the following six aspects: starting and stopping, shifting operation, going straight, turning "8" road and "S" road. Details are as follows: 1. Start parking (1) First turn on the left turn signal and look at the left rearview mirror. Push the gear lever to the low speed position. When approaching the clutch point, lift the clutch pedal and refuel slightly. When entering the semi-clutch state, refuel properly and release the handbrake at the same time. After the vehicle starts smoothly, lift the clutch. Turn the steering wheel moderately to the left. Turn the steering wheel to the right again. At the beginning, complete the foot movement before the hand movement. (2) Parking braking method: slow down and brake, slowly press the brake pedal to brake, then lift the emergency brake later, and quickly and forcefully press the brake pedal (with or without clutch pedal). Second, the shift operation (upshift) will increase the vehicle speed to the required gear and press the clutch pedal. At the same time, reset the accelerator pedal, put the shift lever in neutral position, quickly push the required gear to lift the clutch pedal, and at the same time press the fuel pedal (downshift) to reduce the vehicle speed to the required gear, and press the clutch pedal. At the same time, reset the accelerator pedal, put the shift lever in neutral position, quickly push the required gear, lift the clutch pedal, and press the fuel pedal at the same time. 3. Go straight 1 and grasp the steering wheel correctly. 2. Grasp the swimming clearance of the steering wheel and adjust it slightly. 4. Turn to 1, determine the turning direction, turn on the turn signal, and reduce the speed. Push the gear lever into the appropriate gear. 3. Turn the steering wheel according to the curvature of the road. 4. Turn the steering wheel back after turning. 5. Turn slowly and pay attention to the turning angle. Turn right into the second or third lane, turn left into the first lane and drive in the second lane. 5. "8" Road: 1, not fast, steady and suitable. 2. Turn left, so that the right wheel inclines to the right side of the road as much as possible. When turning to the right, the left wheel should drive on the left side of the road as far as possible. 3. Turn the steering wheel properly, keep the arc forward, and keep the wheels on both sides from exceeding the inner and outer kerbs. 4. Turn the steering wheel in the opposite direction quickly when you reach the intersection, so that the car can drive along the prescribed route. 6. "S" Road (take turning left as an example) 1, and adjust the direction before entering the "curve line". Slowly approach the right. 2. When the right front corner of the car approaches the first corner, turn the steering wheel slowly to the left, and then turn it quickly to the left. 3. When the car drives out of the first corner, turn the steering wheel and move to the left. When the left front corner of the car approaches the second corner, turn the steering wheel slowly to the right, and then turn it quickly to the right. 5. Oil clutch cooperation: the cooperation of throttle and clutch operation enables the car to start and shift gears smoothly. The handbrake is lowered, the clutch is raised, and the first gear is not parallel. Choose a good shift timing, avoid dragging gears, and don't add gears for a long time. Avoid insufficient speed before turning, and keep the required speed when turning. Speed determines the gear, so as to avoid downshifting if the speed is not reduced enough. Linkage point, pause, with the increase of gear, the time is shortened. (3) Intermediate training mainly includes the following nine aspects: U-turn, speed regulation, * side parking, fixed-point parking and ramp driving training. Unilateral bridge and bilateral bridges, turnback roads, railway intersections, reversing. 1. Turn around: 1. The action is the same as turning left 2. U-turn gesture 2. Speed regulation 1, gear shifting for 2nd gear, accelerator pedal for 3rd gear, clutch for 4th gear, brake for 3rd gear, * side parking: 1, turn on the right turn signal and look at the right mirror. Observation 2. Press the brake pedal properly and turn the steering wheel to the right (the first wheel is on the right * side). When the vehicle speed drops below the first speed, press the clutch pedal, and then turn left when the right front wheel approaches the curb (the second wheel is to adjust the distance between the vehicle body and the curb), 5. Turn left (the third wheel is on the side of the road) and stop quickly. When the vehicle stops, slightly lift the brake pedal to slow down the braking inertia and stop smoothly. 6. Tighten the handbrake, put it in neutral, lift the clutch and brake pedal, and turn off the turn signal. 7. The ratio of the steering wheel to the three wheels is 2: 3: 1. Fourth, stop at designated places. According to the vehicle speed and the distance to the target, press the brake pedal properly. V. Ramp driving training: 1, ramp start A, operation procedures and technical actions start at the same level. B, properly step on the accelerator pedal. When lifting the clutch pedal to semi-linkage, appropriately extend the pause time. 2. Ramp shift: The operation is the same as the speed change operation 3. Ramp parking A. The operation method is the same as general parking B. Uphill parking: shift the gear lever to the forward gear after flameout C. Downhill parking: shift the gear lever to the reverse gear 6 after flameout. Unilateral bridge and bilateral bridge 1. First, practice driving the right wheel in a straight line according to "unilateral bridge" or "single line" 2. And practice driving with a left wheel? Quot unilateral bridge "or" single-lane "driving in a straight line 3. Finally, practice driving in a straight line with a "double track bridge" or a "double track" with wheels on both sides. 7. Turn-back road: the operation method is the same as "S" road. 8. Railway intersection: 1. Slow down, pay attention to the signal, and stop at Liaowang 2. Select the appropriate gear before passing. Pass smoothly. Don't shift gears at the railway crossing. If there is a car ahead, don't follow it. 9. Reverse 1. Reverse in a straight line. Press the clutch pedal. Put it in reverse C. Lift the clutch pedal to the engagement point. 2. Drive in a straight line. B put the gear lever in neutral after parking. Note: 1. Enter the theme and slow down to the first speed. Enter the first round of operation at an appropriate angle. Learn to drive a car (4) On-site road 1. Lane precautions: 1. Don't be in a hurry, and don't hit the turn signal. 2. Don't turn on the turn signal regardless of the surrounding conditions, and don't forcibly change lanes when the surrounding conditions don't allow it. 3. Drive back to your driveway in time and turn around when driving or passing by on the road. 2. Precautions for car-following driving: 1. Don't overspeed. Don't rush to overspeed or forcibly overtake in order to catch up with the preceding car, so as to avoid danger. 2. In the process of driving, besides paying attention to the traffic situation ahead, you should also pay attention to the situation around your car. 3. When the rear vehicle overtakes, if the traffic conditions permit, it should give way appropriately. 4. When other vehicles merge into this lane, give way appropriately. 3. Matters needing attention when passing the intersection: 1. When there are many vehicles at the intersection, if it is possible to park your car at the intersection or no-parking area, park your car outside the intersection. Don't park at crosswalks, not to mention at intersections and no-parking areas. 2, it is forbidden to rush in case of stop signal. When the stop signal is about to turn into a traffic signal or the traffic signal is about to turn into a stop signal, it is not allowed to rush. 3, in case of traffic signals, traffic signs or traffic markings are inconsistent with the traffic police command, obey the traffic police command. 4. Leave a safe interval according to the traffic situation at the intersection, and be ready to stop at any time. 4. Matters needing attention when meeting: 1, be polite, three firsts: let go first, slow down first, stop first. Try to avoid meeting at narrow bridges, culverts, sharp turns or sections with obstacles. 2. When you get on the narrow road, you should pay attention to the changes of the surrounding traffic conditions, and try to avoid the situation that cars and oncoming cars, obstacles or non-motor vehicles form a horizontal "three points and one line". 3. When passing by, it is estimated that vehicles and pedestrians suddenly appear behind the oncoming car, so be ready to stop at any time. 5. Precautions for overtaking: 1. Overtaking is not allowed in places and sections where traffic laws and regulations stipulate that overtaking is not allowed, or in other dangerous situations. 2. When the vehicle reaches the maximum speed stipulated by traffic regulations, overtaking is not allowed. 3. When you find an unexpected situation such as turning, turning around, braking suddenly or encountering obstacles, you should slow down and follow the car, and do not risk overtaking. 4. Overtaking temporarily parked vehicles on the road, especially parked buses and cars, should slow down, pay attention to observation, honk the horn when necessary, fully estimate the possible unexpected situations such as pedestrians and non-motor vehicles before and after parking, and make preparations for timely parking. 5. In the process of overtaking continuously, be sure to carefully observe the traffic situation, and you can overtake only when you ensure that you don't touch the opposite car.