The construction quality of building electromechanical installation directly affects the quality, safety and property of the building, so the construction unit must strictly control the construction quality of electromechanical installation. Mechanical and electrical installation construction projects mainly include drainage system, ventilation system, heating system, electrical automation control system and other building installation projects. In this paper, the application of bim technology and electromechanical comprehensive deepening technology is analyzed, and combined with specific practical work, in order to solve the common problems in building electromechanical installation and construction.
1 problems existing in electromechanical installation construction technology of high-rise buildings
1) Over-current problem: For example, there are foreign bodies in the pump, the motor power is too small, and the density is high during process operation, which will all cause over-current; 2) Vibration problems: for example, unstable pump operation, unbalanced motor rotor and bearing clearance will all cause this problem; 3) Electrical equipment problems: such as improper operation of isolating switch during installation, incorrect assembly of arc contact finger and circuit breaker contact, and incorrect assembly of on-load voltage regulating device. , causing different degrees of accidents; 4) Some enterprises and construction units ignore the training of construction personnel in order to save costs. The construction personnel did not receive training, which led to some problems in the construction, such as incorrect assembly sequence and unscientific disconnector, which affected the quality and use of electromechanical installation equipment.
2. Strengthen the construction measures of electromechanical installation in high-rise buildings
1) During the construction of building electromechanical installation, the construction unit must carry out the construction in strict accordance with the corresponding codes and standards. In order to make construction more convenient and ensure construction quality, builders should buy more advanced mechanical and electrical equipment. 2) Carefully review the design drawings, formulate the construction scheme, ensure the accurate installation position of the equipment, and avoid problems such as line winding. For example, in order to avoid the overflow of condensed water, construction workers can tilt the condensed water pipeline during construction. In addition, the installation of mechanical and electrical equipment should also ensure the harmony and beauty of the building. 3) The construction unit should pay attention to training the construction personnel on relevant construction techniques and techniques, so as to urge the construction personnel to carry out the construction in strict accordance with the corresponding electromechanical installation technology, and avoid the impact on the quality of the electromechanical installation project due to the unscientific order of electromechanical installation.
3 high-rise building electromechanical installation construction technology example analysis
In this paper, the electromechanical installation construction technology of buildings 7, 8 and 9 of China Resources Xingfu Lane in Taiyuan City is analyzed. Among them, Building 7 has 3 floors underground garage and 40 floors above ground. There are 3 underground garages in Building 8, and 39 buildings on the ground. There are three underground garages in Building 9, with 39 buildings above ground. This building is a super high-rise building with a large amount of work. At the same time, the building needs to have the functions of underground parking, low-rise commerce and high-rise residence at the same time, so different floors have different functions.
1) electrical device construction technology. Electrical equipment construction mainly includes line installation, electrical equipment installation and power supply substation construction. In the process of electrical equipment installation, the construction unit should first formulate a reasonable construction plan to ensure that each construction team has a clear construction task, and at the same time, the construction unit should pay attention to the connection between different teams to promote the effective connection of construction projects between teams. Supervision departments should attach importance to the supervision and inspection of project quality. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of electrical equipment, the construction unit must inspect all electrical equipment before use to ensure the quality of electrical equipment. In addition, before installing electrical equipment, the staff should check the appearance of electrical equipment to ensure the integrity of electrical equipment and avoid problems in use. Staff also need to check the materials and laying of wires and cables to ensure the safety of the lines.
In order to control the patch rate of electrical embedded boxes, it is necessary to avoid cross laying of pipes as much as possible. When laying the floor, the box with a depth of 7mm should be considered when purchasing, and the box should be sealed with adhesive tape after the pipe passes through the box to improve the sealing rate of the box. At the same time, check the wall line of civil engineering during construction to make the protruding frame 2mm. When the civil mold is closed, the wire box will cling to the template, and the light box on the floor will be fixed on the template with nails. After the formwork is removed, all the boxes will be exposed. When installing the bridge, first of all, make clear the technological process and make technical disclosure. Cutting reserved holes, hanging wires, installing hangers, laying and installing bridges, and laying protective ground wires in bridges.
For the installation of supports and hangers, it is necessary to ensure the straightness of the steel used and ensure that the welding is firm, and there can be no cracks, depressions and other problems. When installing the cable tray trunking, the flatness of the cable tray should be ensured, and grounding should be done at the same time. 2) Pipeline construction technology. The construction unit shall select qualified products according to the drawings and specifications for the pipeline system installation of the building electromechanical installation project. First, check the performance of the pipeline to ensure its safety. According to the requirements of drawings, reserved holes. The traditional construction technology is mainly to reserve holes in the steel casing, which has some problems, such as affecting the appearance of semi-finished concrete products, damaging concrete by pulling out the casing, reducing prestress and so on. With the update of construction technology, finished PVC sleeves can be reserved, and the pipes are connected up and down during installation, which is convenient for construction and saves time and labor.
The reservation effect is shown in figure 1. Before the installation of all kinds of pipelines, technical disclosure shall be made according to the parts and systems, and workers shall be instructed to carry out the construction in strict accordance with the technical disclosure. For wall shrinkage and beam-column changes in civil engineering, pay-off and pay-off should be carried out first, and various unfavorable factors should be considered in place. Handling problems before pipeline installation. 3) Deepening technology of electromechanical integrated pipeline.
The advantages of comprehensive deepening of electromechanical pipelines are as follows: a. The construction details and the design of construction nodes are more perfect; Can connect with the deepening achievements of the design institute. Better understand the design intent of the design institute. B. Under the condition of ensuring the function, use the comprehensive drawings to solve the elevation and position problems of pipelines in the electromechanical system, avoid conflicts when crossing, and at the same time cooperate with and meet the needs of various positions of structure and decoration. C. When arranging professional pipelines, consider the requirements of operation, management, maintenance and secondary construction. D. Through the three-dimensional deepening map, the corresponding relationship between the plan and the actual construction can be displayed more systematically, so that we can clearly know where there is intersection and where there is collision. E. The construction unit can better control the cost, for example, comprehensive supports and hangers can be adopted, which can reduce the workload of demolition and reconstruction after construction and installation. If we want to deepen the electromechanical integrated pipeline, we must first carry out BIM work.
BuildingInformationModeling is to build a building model according to the relevant information data of the construction project, and simulate the real information of the building through digital information simulation. It has five characteristics: visualization, coordination, simulation, optimization and drawing. The building information model covers geometry, spatial relationship, geographic information system, and the nature and quantity of various building components (such as detailed information of suppliers).
The building information model can be used to show the whole building life cycle, including the construction process and operation process. It is very convenient to extract the information of building materials. All components and systems in the building can be presented. BIM technology is a brand-new technology in the development of information technology in the construction industry, and three-dimensional technology can be used to build building models. Relevant units can use the building model to simulate and analyze the electromechanical installation construction, which can effectively reduce the construction risk, improve the construction quality and reduce the cost.
BIM technology is a new technology for me, and I am learning to use it. When using, first organize the technical personnel of the general contractor and subcontractors to make building models by using various professional materials and drawings. In order to ensure that the specifications of the building model are the same as those of the real building, technicians must ensure the rationality of the model component parameters. Three-dimensional building model is more vivid and detailed than traditional design drawings, which can reflect pipeline collision and other problems in construction projects in detail and effectively reduce rework. Three-dimensional building models can also be combined with construction progress. In the actual construction process, the intuitive effect of the three-dimensional model can be used to adjust the construction plan and progress.
After BIM completes the models of various disciplines, it imports REVIT and NAVIS-WORKS software for comprehensive layout, and then makes unified modeling and animation model for various pipelines of electromechanical specialty. According to the model, the places where the pipeline crosses, fights and overlaps with the beam-column wall of civil engineering are modified in detail and distributed to all construction parties for unified construction. The comprehensive pipeline deepening technology of building electromechanical installation engineering includes the installation of air conditioning, ventilation, electric power and water supply and drainage pipelines. Software superposition, the effect diagram as shown in figure 4. When importing the software of REVIT and NAVISWORKS, each major will define the layout scheme of each pipeline according to the detailed design drawings, modify the details, and then make spatial positioning. Spatial positioning includes size, thickness, spacing and operation and maintenance space.
Pay attention to starting with large pipes and straight pipes when making elevation layout. See table 1 for the elevation frame of main pipeline. When laying pipelines, pipelines should avoid crossing. For pipeline crossing and bending, attention should be paid to the choice of different pipeline bending, such as small pipeline to large pipeline, power supply and water supply. See Table 2 for bending standards. In the actual comprehensive layout, it is necessary to do a good job in combination with the actual construction situation and the pipeline situation on the drawings. Modify the details according to the above requirements, but the premise is that the owner must coordinate all professional subcontractors to obey the electromechanical comprehensive layout. If the subcontractor does not follow this plan, the electromechanical comprehensive layout plan will not be realized. Therefore, it is suggested that all construction parties carry out electromechanical comprehensive deepening design.
4 conclusion
The construction of building electromechanical installation is a complicated and tedious project. How to use new technology and new technology to carry out electromechanical construction? In the process of construction, there will be many problems, such as coordination, some construction projects refuse to make comprehensive arrangements considering the cost, and monopoly industries have random construction problems. There are still some technical problems in the construction, such as pipeline settlement force, equipment positioning and vibration and noise reduction. The embedded pipe fittings are prone to deviation and damage in the process of concrete pouring and vibrating, which requires the construction personnel to pay more attention and study more to improve their professional quality.
In the electromechanical construction of high-rise and super-high-rise buildings, there are still many construction problems and difficulties, which need to be solved one by one by the majority of construction personnel. In addition, BIM, REVIT, NAVISWORKS and other new technologies are gradually applied in construction, which reduces costs and expands profits. Achieve a win-win situation for both the constructor and the constructor. To sum up, with the development of China's construction industry, electromechanical installation projects have also developed. From the above analysis, it can be seen that strengthening the improvement of construction technology, paying attention to the quality and installation rationality of electromechanical equipment, and standardizing the installation construction technology can effectively improve the electromechanical installation construction technology of high-rise buildings.
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