Special safety construction scheme of steel bar project of China Construction Corporation
The first section steel transportation and stacking safety requirements
1. When moving rebar manually, the steps should be consistent. When going up and down the bridge or turning, you should echo back and forth, and the pace should be steady and slow. Pay attention to the head and tail swing of the steel bar to prevent it from colliding with objects or people, especially to prevent it from colliding with the surrounding wires up and down. Greet each other during loading and unloading and pay attention to safety.
2. When manually conveying steel bars vertically, the feeder should stand on a solid and flat ground or temporary structures, and the receiver should have protective railings or solid objects to prevent leaning forward, and hang up the safety belt when necessary.
3. When lifting the steel bar vertically, it should be firmly bound, and the lifting points should be located at both ends of the steel bar bundle. In case of difficulty, a lifting point should be set at the center of gravity of the reinforced beam, and the reinforced bar should rise steadily, and overweight lifting is not allowed.
4. When lifting steel bar or steel skeleton, it is forbidden to stand below. Only when the steel skeleton falls off from the floor or the installation elevation is less than 1m can people get close to the operation. After being put in place or supported, the hook can be unhooked.
5. The temporary stacking of steel bars should not be too concentrated, and the bearing capacity of formwork or bridge should be considered. It is forbidden to pile up steel bars before the concrete of newly poured floor slab has solidified to 1.2Mpa strength.
6. In the process of transportation and storage, steel bars must be marked and stacked neatly in batches to avoid corrosion and pollution.
7. Pay attention to the reinforced don't touch the power supply, it is forbidden to put the reinforced near the high voltage line. The safe distance between the reinforcement and the power supply line shall meet the requirements of Articles 8 and 9 in Section IV of Chapter 1 of Part II "General Provisions".
In the second quarter steel production safety requirements
A, steel processing safety requirements
1. When removing rust from steel bars, operators should wear protective glasses, masks, gloves and other protective articles, and tie the cuffs tightly.
2. When using electric derusting, first check whether the wire brush is loose, and check whether the insulation and grounding of the closed protective cover device, dust suction equipment and electrical equipment are in good condition to prevent mechanical and electric shock accidents.
3. When feeding, the operator should operate sideways. Never stand in front of the rust remover. The derusting of long materials requires two people to operate, echo each other and cooperate closely.
4. When the round bar is unfolded, both ends should be fastened firmly, and when cutting, you should first step on it with your feet to prevent the rebound from hurting people.
5. Check all tools before straightening the steel bar manually; The workbench should be firm, the anvil should be stable, the wooden handle of the hammer should be firm, the hammer should not be broken, and there should be no gaps. The hammer head that blooms due to impact should be replaced in time.
6. Straighten, clamp and anchor the reinforcement firmly, and pedestrians are prohibited within 2m along the lacing. Manually polish and straighten, don't touch the putter with your chest and abdomen, and keep the pace, slowly and steadily, and loosen it slowly, not once, so as not to rebound and hurt people.
7. When cutting by hand, the tools must be firm. The operator who hammers and slaps the hammer should stand at an inclined angle and pay attention to people and things in the swinging area of the hammer.
8. Cut steel bars shorter than 30cm and clamp them with pliers. The handle of the iron tongs shall not be shorter than 50 cm. Do not hold it by hand, and set a protective box outside.
9. When bending the steel bar, hold the wrench tightly, stand firm, keep the body balanced, and prevent the steel bar from breaking or loosening.
10. Steel, semi-finished products, etc. Should be neatly stacked according to specifications and varieties, and the production site should be flat. The working platform should be stable, and the lighting must be covered with a net.
Second, the safety requirements of steel cold treatment
1. A protective baffle should be set before the cold-drawn male winding machine. If there is no baffle, the male winding machine should be 900 with the cold drawing direction, and a closed guide pulley should be used. When operating, you should stand behind the protective baffle, and people and vehicles are not allowed to pass through the cold drawing site.
2. Cold-drawn steel bars should be equipped with fixtures, and then send power-on signals after leaving. When sliding or other problems are found, stop the machine first, and then re-operate after the reinforcement is slack.
3. Cold-drawn and tensioned steel bars shall be carried out in strict accordance with the specified stress and elongation, and shall not be changed at will. Whether the reinforcement is stretched or relaxed, it should be slow and uniform. If the oil pump, jack and anchor card are abnormal, stop tensioning immediately.
4. Tension steel bars and protective baffles shall be set at both ends. After the steel bar is tensioned, it should be protected. It is forbidden to press or walk on heavy objects. When pouring concrete, it is necessary to prevent the vibrator from impacting the prestressed reinforcement.
5. Jack legs must be aligned with components and placed in a vertical position. When measuring the stretching length, adding wedge and tightening bolts, stop stretching first and stand on both sides to prevent the steel bar from breaking and rebounding.
6. When the same component has prestressed and non-prestressed reinforcement, the prestressed reinforcement shall be tensioned twice, the first time to 70%~80% of the control stress, and then to the specified stress value after the non-prestressed reinforcement is bound.
7. When electric heating is used for tensioning, the electrical circuit must be installed by a licensed electrician, and the wire connection point should be wrapped and not exposed. When tensioning, the voltage shall not exceed the specified value.
8. When the electric heating tension reaches the tension stress value, the power supply should be cut off before anchoring. If charged, wear insulated shoes and gloves. In the process of cooling, it is forbidden to stand at both ends of the steel bar.
Three, steel welding safety requirements
1. Before work, the welder must check the electrical equipment, operating mechanism and cooling system, and check the shell for leakage with an electric pen.
2. The welding machine should be placed in a dry place indoors, and the fuselage should be stable and firm, and flammable items are not allowed to be placed around.
3. When operating, the operator should wear protective glasses, gloves and other protective articles and stand on the rubber board or wooden board. It is forbidden to sit on a metal chair.
4. Before welding, the voltage should be adjusted according to the cross section of the steel bar to adapt to the cross section of the welded steel bar. It is forbidden to weld steel bars exceeding the specified diameter of machinery. If the welding head is found to be leaking, it should be replaced immediately, and it is forbidden to use it.
5. Contacts and electrodes (steel heads) of circuit breakers of butt welding machines should be inspected and repaired regularly. Generally, use sandpaper to wipe the contact of circuit breaker once every 2 ~ 3 days, and file the electrode (steel head) regularly. All bolt joints of the secondary circuit should be tightened regularly to avoid overheating. Always pay attention to the temperature of cooling water should not exceed 400 degrees Celsius.
6. When welding long steel bars, brackets should be set up.
7. Newly welded steel shall be laid flat to avoid deformation during cooling. The stacking place shall not be near flammable materials, and a place where no one enters or exits shall be set up or a protective fence shall be added.
8. The work shed should be built with fireproof materials. It is forbidden to pile up inflammable and explosive articles in the shed, and fire-fighting equipment is available.
The third quarter steel binding and installation safety requirements
1. When binding foundation reinforcement, steel corbel or horse stool shall be placed as stipulated in the construction design to set the upper reinforcement, and the corbel or horse stool shall not be reduced at will. Check whether the earth wall and support of the foundation pit are firm before operation.
2. Tie the column and wall reinforcement, and don't stand on the reinforcement skeleton to operate and climb the skeleton up and down. Column rebar is less than 4m, and its weight is not big. It can be tied to the ground or floor and erected as a whole. When the column rebar exceeds 4m, a workbench shall be erected. Columns, walls and beam skeletons shall be fixed with temporary supports to prevent toppling.
3. Tie and install steel bars at high places. Be careful not to pile steel bars, especially cantilever members, on the formwork or scaffold. Check whether the bracket is secure.
4. Try to avoid trimming and bending thick steel bars at heights. When necessary, fasten your seat belt, choose a good position, and stand firm.
5. In high places and deep pits, when binding steel bars and installing skeletons, scaffolding and ... must be erected, and no operating platform should be equipped with safety belts.
6. When binding ring beams, overhangs, external walls and side columns of high-rise buildings, external scaffolding or safety nets should be erected, and safety belts should be hung when binding.
7. When installing binding steel bars, the steel bars shall not collide with wires, and the voltage of mobile lamps shall not exceed 36V when lighting in deep foundation or at night.
The fourth quarter reinforced construction machinery use safety requirements
I. General safety requirements
1. Steel processing machinery is powered by motor and hydraulic pressure, and when hoist is used as auxiliary machinery, it shall be implemented according to its relevant regulations.
2. The mechanical installation must be firm and stable, and keep the horizontal position. Stationary machinery should have a reliable foundation, and mobile machinery should wedge the walking wheels when working.
3. Outdoor work should be equipped with a hangar, and there should be a place for stacking raw materials and semi-finished products next to the machine.
4. When processing long steel bars, there should be special personnel to assist and obey the command of personnel, and it is not allowed to push or pull at will.
5. The electric machinery shall be well grounded, and the power cord shall not be directly connected to the button, and a separate switch box shall be set up.
6. After the operation, the finished products should be piled up. Clean up the site, cut off the power supply and lock the switch box.
Second, the steel bar straightening machine use safety requirements
1. The rack and chute shall be installed straight and aligned with the center lines of the guide cylinder, the straightening cylinder and the lower cutter hole. Objects are not allowed to be stacked in the machine to prevent mechanical vibration from slipping off the machine body and causing accidents.
2. Turn the flywheel by hand, check the transmission mechanism and working device, adjust the clearance, tighten the bolt, and start idling after confirming that it is normal; Check that the bearing should have no abnormal sound and the gears are well engaged. Only after the operation is normal can the operation be started.
3. According to the diameter of straightening steel bar, select the appropriate straightening block and transmission speed. After debugging, the material can be fed. Steel bars shorter than 2m or with a diameter greater than 9mm should be straightened at low speed.
4. Feeding is not allowed before the calibration block is not fixed and the protective cover is not covered. During operation, it is forbidden to open the protective cover of each part and adjust the gap.
5. Before feeding, cut off the material head that is not straight, install a steel pipe with a length of 1m in front of the guide cylinder, and the steel bar must first pass through the steel pipe and then be sent to the guide hole at the front end of straightening.
6. When the steel bar is sent to the drum, the hand must keep a certain distance from the drum and must not be close to the drum. Do not operate with gloves.
7. When the steel bar is adjusted to the end, the personnel must avoid it to prevent the steel bar from shaking and hurting people.
8. When working, always pay attention to the temperature of the rotating shaft. If the temperature rises above 60°C, stop the machine and find out the reason.
9. After operation, the calibration block should be loosened and restored to its original position, and the pre-tightening spring must be reset.
Three, steel bar cutting machine use safety requirements
1. The receiving and dispatching workbench should be flush with the lower part of the tool, and the length of the workbench can be determined according to the length of the processed material.
2. Before starting the machine, you must check whether the blade is installed correctly, the tool should be free of cracks, the tool holder bolts should be tightened, and the protective cover should be firm. Then turn the pulley by hand, check the gear meshing clearance, and adjust the tool clearance. The horizontal clearance between the fixed knife and the moving knife should be 0.5 ~1mm..
3. After starting, idle first, and check whether all transmission parts and bearings are working normally before operation.
4. When the machine does not reach the normal speed, it is not allowed to cut materials. When cutting materials, you must use the middle and lower parts of the tool and hold the steel bar tightly. When the moving knife retreats, the steel bar should be sent to the blade to prevent the steel bar from swinging or popping up to hurt people.
5. Do not shear the rebar and red-hot rebar whose diameter and strength exceed those specified in the mechanical nameplate. When cutting multiple steel bars at a time, the total cross-sectional area should be within the specified range.
6. When shearing low-alloy steel, the high-hardness tool should be replaced, and the diameter should be consistent with the nameplate.
7. When cutting short materials, the distance between the hand and the tool should be kept above 150 mm, and when the hand-held end is less than 400mm, the short end of the steel bar should be pressed down or clamped with a sleeve or fixture. When one end of the cutter is less than 300mm, it must be clamped with a clamp before cutting to prevent people from being hurt by pop-up.
8. The cut-off long steel bars shall be held by special personnel, and the actions shall be consistent during operation, and they shall not be dragged arbitrarily.
9. When working, it is forbidden to directly remove short-headed steel bars and sundries near the cutter by hand. No one can stay around the steel bar swing and cutting machine.
10. In case of abnormal mechanical operation, abnormal sound or skewed cutter, stop the machine immediately for maintenance.
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12. The cut steel bars should be neatly stacked to prevent the incision from protruding and being kicked and cut by mistake.
13. After the operation, remove the sundries between the cutters with a steel brush, and clean and maintain the whole machine.
Four, steel bending machine use safety requirements
1. The workbench and table of the bending machine should be level, and all kinds of mandrels and tools should be prepared.
2. According to the requirements of the diameter and bending radius of the processed steel bar, install the mandrel, forming shaft, retaining iron or variable retaining frame, and the diameter of the mandrel should be 2.5 times that of the steel bar.
3. Check that the mandrel, stop and turntable should be free of damage and cracks, and the protective cover should be fastened and reliable. After confirming that the idling operation is normal, the operation can be started.
4. When working, insert the bent end of the steel bar into the fixed pin of the turntable and press it by hand. Pay attention to the position and rotation direction of the steel bar in the plug, and don't drive in the wrong direction. Check whether the fixing pin of the fuselage is really installed on the side blocking the steel bar before starting the machine.
5. Bending long steel bars should be supported by special personnel and stand outside the bending direction of steel bars. They should cooperate with each other and not be held back. Turn around and bend over to prevent collision with people and things.
6. In the process of mechanical operation, it is forbidden to change the mandrel and pin shaft, change the angle and adjust the speed. The reversing, oiling and cleaning of the turntable must be carried out after stopping.
7. When bending steel bars, it is forbidden to exceed the diameter, quantity and mechanical speed of steel bars specified by this machine.
8. When bending high-strength or low-alloy steel bars, the maximum limit diameter should be converted according to the provisions of the mechanical nameplate, and the corresponding mandrel should be replaced.
9. It is forbidden to stand on the side of the fuselage with bent steel bars and no fixed pins. Bending semi-finished products should be neatly stacked, and the hook should not be upward.
10. Skillfully operate the bending machine without gloves.
Five, steel cold drawing machine use safety requirements
1. According to the diameter of the cold-drawn steel bar, the winch is selected reasonably, and the hoisting wire rope passes through the closed guide pulley. The position of the winch must be such that the operator can see all the cold-drawn parts, and the distance from the center line of the cold-drawn parts should be not less than 5m.
2. Set a protective baffle in front of the cold-drawn hoist, and stand behind the protective baffle during operation. Without a baffle, the hoist should be at right angles to the cold drawing direction.
3. Warning zones should be set outside the ground anchors at both ends of the cold-drawn site, and protective railings and warning signs should be installed. Irrelevant personnel are strictly forbidden to stay here. When working, the operator must leave the steel bar at least 2 meters away.
4. The counterweight control equipment must match the pulley, and there are signs indicating the lifting. When there is no sign, there should be a special person to command. When lifting the counterweight frame, the height should be limited to 300mm from the ground, and there should be railings and warning signs around the counterweight frame.
5. Before operation, check the cold-drawn fixture, the clamping teeth must be in good condition, the pulley and traction trolley should be lubricated flexibly, and the tractor, ground anchor and protective device should be complete and firm. After confirmation, the operation can be started. All high quality or uneven steel should not be cold drawn.
6. Hoist operators must see the command signal clearly and wait for all personnel to leave the dangerous area before operation. Cold drawing should be done slowly and evenly. Pay attention to the stop signal at any time or stop the traction immediately when someone enters the danger zone, and loosen the hoisting wire rope slightly.
7. If there is an elongation control device, obvious limit signs must be installed, and a special person is responsible for the command.
8. Lighting facilities for night work should be located outside the tension danger zone. If it must be installed above the site, its height should be more than 5m, the bulb should be protected by a protective cover, and the wires should be well insulated.
9. Electrical equipment must be safe and reliable, wire insulation must be good, and the motor and starter shell must be grounded.
10. The setting of ground anchor and the calculation of tensile strength are decided by users.
1 1. After the operation, loosen the hoisting wire rope, put down the counterweight, cut off the power supply and lock the switch box.
Six, prestressed steel tensioning equipment use safety requirements
1. Steel formwork, ground anchors at both ends, fixtures and anchorages are used for tensioning, both ends of steel bars are upset, and protective railings and warning signs are set at the outer sides of both ends of the site.
2. Check the fixture, anchorage and upsetting at both ends of the pulled steel bar. If there is any crack or damage, repair or replace it in time.
3. The groove of the fixture should be 0.7~ 1mm larger than the diameter of the steel bar, and ensure sufficient strength to prevent the anchorage from deforming.
4. No-load operation, correct the indicated tonnage of jack and pressure gauge, determine the figures on the table, and compare the tonnage and extension length required for tensioning steel bar. Check that there is no leakage in the oil circuit, and start operation only after it is confirmed to be normal.
5. When operating, the operation should be smooth and even, and no one should stand at both ends when tensioning. It is forbidden to disassemble any parts in the hydraulic system of the stretcher under pressure.
6. When measuring the elongation of steel bars or tightening nuts, the stretching should be stopped first, and the operators must stand on both sides to operate.
7. When working with electric heating tension method, insulating rubber shoes and insulating gloves should be worn.
8. When tensioning, it is not allowed to touch or trample steel bars or wires with hands.
9. After the operation, cut off the power supply and lock the switch box. Remove all jacks and put the tensioning equipment in the designated place for maintenance.
Seven, cold heading machine use safety requirements
1. Replace the corresponding fixture according to the steel bar diameter.
2. Before operation, check whether there is any crack on the die and the center punch, correct the concentricity of the upper and lower dies and the center punch, and tighten the bolts of each part for safety protection.
3. After starting the machine, run in idle mode first, adjust the tightness of the upper and lower dies, aim at the punching die for upsetting and proofreading, and then start the operation after it is confirmed to be normal.
4. Upsetting is not allowed when the machine does not reach the normal speed. If the upsetting size is uneven, the clearance between the punch and the fixture should be adjusted in time, and the guide block of the punch should always be fully lubricated.
Eight, steel cold drawing machine use safety requirements
1. The cold drawing machine and the bearing frame should be kept horizontal, so that the spindle and roller shaft can rotate flexibly.
2. The transmission pulley and gear must have a protective cover, the front end of bevel gear should have a protective net, and the back end of mechanical workbench should have a baffle.
3. The cuffs of the operator's trouser legs are tied tightly, and the female workers should wear hats. Don't wear gloves when hanging conveyor belts (wear thick cloth gloves when holding steel bars).
4. Before operation, the sundries on the workbench should be cleaned up, and there should be no obstacles on the ground and passages near the machinery. Check whether all mechanical connectors are firm, whether there are cracks in the mold, whether the specifications of the rolling head and the mold match, check the bearing oil quantity, and inject lubricating oil into the roller shaft hole. Then start the host computer to run, and it can only be started after it is confirmed to be normal.
5. When cold-drawing steel bars, the cold-drawing diameter of each process shall be carried out according to the mechanical instructions, and the die hole shall not be excessively reduced. When there is no data, the aperture can be reduced by 0.5~ 1mm each time. When the diameter of the cold-drawn die increases after wear, it should be replaced in time.
6. First, roll down the head of the steel bar with a head rolling machine (die pressing). When rolling, the hand should be 300~500mm away from the head roller, and the head should be round. When rolling the head, one end of the steel bar should first pass through the mold with the length of 100~ 150mm, and then fasten it with a fixture.
7. When working, after closing the clutch, the operator should leave the machine for 0.5m, keep the distance between his hand and the drum for 0.3~0.5m, and stand on the right side of the drum. Direct contact with steel bars and rollers is strictly prohibited.
8. Cold-drawn formwork shall be filled with lubricant at any time (dry powder shall be mixed with lime and soapy water). Before the steel bar passes through the cold-drawn die, it should be lubricated with a small amount of grease.
9. When the steel bar end passes through the cold drawing die, you should immediately step on the foot brake (preferably operated by foot brake) to separate the clutch. At the same time, block the steel bar end with the hand brake or press the steel bar end with tools to prevent it from bouncing off and hurting people.
10. A proximity parking device should be installed in front of the workbench. When the operator falls in the direction of the workbench, the collision device will stop immediately to reduce the severity of the accident.
1 1. Pay attention to whether the motor runs normally, whether there is noise or overheating, etc.
12. In the process of mechanical cold drawing, always pay attention to the operation between the pay-off stand, the roll stand and the drum, and stop the machine immediately for repair if it is normal.
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