Yangbi Walnut has the highest quality in China, the best market sales and the highest price, which is suitable for you to grow there.
Yangbi Walnut Honors Yangbi Walnut, also known as "Dapao Walnut", is an excellent variety in Yunnan, which is famous at home and abroad for its large fruit, thin shell, white kernel, delicious taste and rich nutrition. ? At 1979 National Walnut Technology Association, it was rated as one of the excellent varieties in China, and won the honors of "National Quality Appraisal First" and "National County-level Possession First". 1995 was rated as "Hometown of Walnuts in China" by the State Council Development Research Center and listed as "Most Honorable Code in China"; In 2002, the State Forestry Administration awarded the title of "Hometown of Walnut, a Famous and Excellent Economic Forest in China"; In 2002, it was identified as "American hickory planting demonstration and promotion base" by the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs; ? In 2004, Yangbi Walnut passed the certificate of origin registration, and Yangbi Dapao Walnut Dried Fruit has passed the organic food certification. In 2005, it was awarded the title of "Leading County of Walnut Industry in China"; Yangbi Walnut Dried Fruit has passed the organic food certification. Yangbi is also the birthplace of walnuts in China. ? What are the characteristics of Yangbi walnut varieties? Yangbi Walnut (also known as Dapao Walnut, Cotton Walnut, Tea Walnut and Cannabis Seed) originated in Yangbi County, and now it is widely distributed in Dali, Lijiang, Nujiang, Baoshan, Lincang, Chuxiong, Honghe, Kunming, Qujing, Jingdong, Changning, Yunnan, Guizhou and other parts of Sichuan Province. ?
Nuts are oblate, with a sharp Quillo and a rounded top. The longitudinal diameter is 3.87cm, the transverse diameter is 3.8 1cm, the transverse diameter is 3.2cm, the average diameter of the three diameters is 3.5cm, the shell surface is large and shallow, the suture line is narrow, the middle part is slightly raised, the combination is tight, and the top end is blunt and round. The inner pleated wall and diaphragm are degenerated, membranous, easy to take kernels, and can be used to whole and replenish kernels, full, sweet but not astringent, yellow and white. Single fruit weight12.3 ~17.1k, shell thickness 0.4 ~ 0.9 mm, kernel weight 6.0~9.4k, kernel rate 53.2% ~ 76.56%, kernel fat 67.3 ~ 75.3% (unsaturated fatty acid 89.3%).
This tree is strong and straight. It is more than 30 meters high, the crown is 734 meters wide, the crown is hemispherical, the crown diameter is about 15m, and the fruiting period of branching force is 1: 1.36. The medium and short fruit branches bear the main fruit, the rate of intermediate fruit branches reaches 94.65438 0%, each fruit branch bears 2-4 fruits, with an average fruit setting of more than 2.3, and the nucleolus yield per square meter of crown projection area is as high as 340k K. The highest yield per plant is 37,000, equivalent to 488.4kg. In the fruiting period, the plant produces 75kg of nuts, and the high yield can reach11kg.
Young trees begin to bear fruit in 5 ~ 7 years. In the woodland with good site conditions, through scientific management, the fruit can be produced 3 ~ 5 years in advance after planting. In Yangbi County, which is about 1.900 meters above sea level, buds germinate in early March, male flowers bloom from late March to early April, and female flowers bloom in early April. For the same tree, it takes 10 days for the male flowers to wither, and the nuts generally mature in early September and 65438+ in late September.
This variety has strong stress resistance, long life and high yield. The century-old tree is full of fruits, high yield and the best nut quality. It is an excellent variety with good fruit and oil, and it is the most important cultivated variety for commercial walnut production in southern areas such as Yunnan. ? The characteristics of Yangbi walnut seedlings are 1, early fruiting, high yield, high yield, 3-5 years of fruiting, and the early investment income can be recovered after 6 years. According to statistics, after five years, the annual output value of Danzhu is about 100 yuan; 10 years later, the annual output value of each plant is about 1000 yuan; After 20 years, the output value of each plant is about 3000 yuan. ?
2, high quality, the highest degree of commercialization? Walnut has large fruit (average diameter 3.5cm), thin shell (shell thickness 0.7 ~ 1mm, which can be crushed by hand), white kernel, delicious taste, rich nutrition and high kernel rate (kernel rate 55%-70%).
3, vigorous growth, strong resistance, suitable for the planting range of the factory. After standardized planting management, the main branch is close to 1 meter every year; It has strong abilities of drought resistance, waterlogging prevention, freezing prevention and disease prevention, and can generally adapt to areas with large climate disparity in the second year. Suitable for planting in southern areas, such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Tibet, Guangdong and other regions.
4. Is the survival rate high? For the seedlings that have just left the nursery and planted at the best planting time, the survival rate after standardized planting can reach 100%.
5. Good market prospects? The market price of Yangbi walnut dried fruit is increasing year by year. In 2003, it was 1 1 yuan/kg, in 2004 it was 14 yuan/kg, in 2005 it was 20 yuan/kg, in 2006 it was 27 yuan/kg, in 2007 it was 32 yuan/kg, and it will rise again in 2008. ? Environmental requirements of Yangbi walnut
1, climatic conditions? Temperature: the frost-free period is more than 250 days, the annual average temperature is 100c- 170c, the temperature in dormancy period is not lower than-100C, the temperature after spring sowing is not lower than -20c-40c, and the temperature in flowering and young fruit period is not lower than-10c-20c. The summer temperature should not exceed 380 C. Illumination: the annual sunshine should be above 1500 hours. Humidity: precipitation is above 800 mm.
2. altitude? There are suitable climatic conditions for the growth of Yangbi walnut at an altitude of 600 ~ 3000 meters. It should be noted that altitude is one of the factors that determine the climate. The climate at the same altitude is not necessarily the same at different altitudes. Therefore, climate factors are mainly considered in walnut planting, and adaptability cannot be measured by altitude scale alone.
3. terrain? Juglans regia is a light-loving positive tree species, which is suitable for growing in the sunny place of the north wind. Generally, the middle and lower part of the hillside is better than the upper part; It is better on sunny and semi-sunny slopes than on shady slopes; Gentle slope is better than steep slope; Qingbian and gully areas are better than ridges.
4. Soil conditions? Yangbi Walnut has strong adaptability to soil. As long as the soil layer is thick and well drained, fertile and barren soil can grow in hills, mountains and Pingchuan. In the valley with loose soil and good drainage, alluvial land is better. Relatively neutral soil is better.
In addition, I recommend another variety, Yun Xin Walnut, which is a hybrid of Yangbi Walnut and Xinjiang Jujube Walnut. It has large fruit, thin shell, white kernel and high kernel yield. The most important thing is large fruit quantity, quick effect, quick return on investment and high yield, which can be high in one to two years.
varietal characteristic
(1) growth characteristic tree has great potential, compact crown and strong branching ability, and belongs to medium fruit type. 12-year-old tree is 4.9 meters high, trunk diameter 15.53 cm, average thickness of mother branches 1. 14 cm, average length of new shoots 12.52 cm, and average thickness of new shoots1./kloc. Tree-shaped happy shape. ?
(2) fruiting habit and yield? The grafted seedlings of 1 year-old blossom and bear fruit in 1-2 years after planting, with an average of 2.87 branches per mother branch. Male-first type, female flowers are mostly twins, a few are solitary or triplet, the top flower branch accounts for 47.22%, the lateral flower branch accounts for 52.78%, the lateral fruit branch accounts for 50.22%, the fruit branch rate is 58.22%, the fruit setting rate is 74.57%, and the fruit set per fruit branch is 1.73. After 5 years, it entered the first fruit-bearing stage, and the plant yield was 3.5 kg, 12-year-old plant yield 17 kg.
(3) The character and quality of nuts are large, oblate and spherical, the average diameter of three diameters (longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter and edge diameter) is 3.64 cm, the score line is large and shallow, the seed shell thickness is 0.8 mm, the seed kernel is easy to get, the color is light yellow and full, the seed kernel weight is 12.08 g, the seed kernel yield is 54.34%, and the seed kernel oil content is 64%.
(4) Phenology is in Yangbi area of Yunnan, which germinates in late February, the male flowers swell, the young fruits form in early March, the new shoots, leaves and fruits grow rapidly in May-July, the fruits mature in early September, and the leaves fall in 165438+ 10. ?
environmental requirement
Walnuts of Yanghe series and Yun Xin series have similar requirements for the environment.
1, climatic conditions? The frost-free period is more than 250 days, the annual average temperature is 100 c- 170 c, the temperature in dormancy period is not lower than-100 c, the temperature after spring sowing is not lower than -20c-40c, and the temperature in flowering period and young fruit period is not lower than-10c-20c. The summer temperature should not exceed 380 C. Illumination: the annual sunshine should be above 1500 hours. Humidity: precipitation is above 800 mm.
2. altitude? There are climatic conditions suitable for the growth of this variety at an altitude of 600 ~ 3000 meters. It should be noted that altitude is one of the factors that determine the climate. The climate at the same altitude is not necessarily the same at different altitudes. Therefore, climate factors are mainly considered in walnut planting, and adaptability cannot be measured by altitude scale alone.
3. terrain? Yun Xin series is a light-loving positive tree species, suitable for growing in the north wind and sunny places. Generally, the middle and lower part of the hillside is better than the upper part; It is better on sunny and semi-sunny slopes than on shady slopes; Gentle slope is better than steep slope; Qingbian and gully areas are better than ridges.
4. Soil conditions? Yun Xin series has strong adaptability to soil, and can grow on fertile and barren soil, whether in hills, mountains or plains, as long as the soil layer is thick and the drainage is good, it can grow. In the valley with loose soil and good drainage, alluvial land is better. Relatively neutral soil is better.