Wang Wei, a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, has a charming personality. His official position was as high as that of Shangshu Youcheng, and he was later called Wang Youcheng. His poems are beautiful and elegant, light and far-reaching, and they are unique. His pastoral poems, in particular, are simple and profound. Among them, Twenty Poems of Wangchuan Collection is one of the main representatives.
Wangchuan Collection was written at the end of Kaiyuan. After middle age, Wang Wei lived in seclusion in Wangchuan and lived a secluded mountain life as an official. Poets love the scenery of Wangchuan very much, and often linger, capturing the beauty of Wangchuan with the eyes of painters and listening to the beautiful melody of nature with the ears of musicians. At that time, he not only created a picture of Wangchuan Villa, but also sang a poem with his good friend Fidi, and wrote a poem for each of the 20 scenes of Wangchuan, with a total of 40 poems, forming the Collection of Wangchuan. Most of Wang Wei's twenty poems are ethereal and meaningful, and they have become masterpieces handed down from generation to generation. This paper mainly studies Wang Wei's Twenty Kings.
Wang Wei's poems in Wang Chuan Bie Ji are very exquisite and unique, which are quite distinctive: First, they are all five musts. Secondly, take the scenic spots in Wangchuan Valley as the title of each poem. Third, the poems are orderly before, which shows that this is a group of poems edited by Wang Wei himself. In the preface of Wangchuan Collection, 20 place names such as Mengcheng 'ao described in the book are listed one by one, which is the natural landscape around Wangchuan, that is, 20 scenic spots. He described a scenic spot and a landscape community in a planned way by way of on-the-spot proposition, that is, on-the-spot poetry, which is unprecedented. The poet's personality, mood and special environment at that time were fully projected in twenty quatrains. We can see the complex changes of the poet's mood in the pictures displayed in the poetry collection; Following the poet's journey, we can trace the poet's soul.
Wei Wang's experience is rather bumpy. As the prosperous Tang Dynasty in the rising period of feudal society, scholars generally have great ambitions to make contributions, and Wang Wei is no exception. In his youth, Wang Wei was full of lofty sentiments, such as "sitting on a golden saddle and adjusting white jade to shoot five sweats in succession". Because of his initiative and enterprising spirit, he became a scholar at the age of twenty-one. Later, he was promoted by the sage Zhang Jiuling and made a right supplement. However, the good times did not last long. Soon, when Li came to power, Wang Wei made several taboos, and his politics was hopeless and his life was worrying. At that time, his situation was not "comfortable" and could even be described as bad. In order to "stay in the green hills", he lived a semi-official and semi-secluded life. However, disappointment, hope, shame, resentment, melancholy, depression, inner contradictions can not stop, and all violent psychological turmoil has become "silence" and "tranquility." The collection of Wangchuan written in this period is bound to have the emotional color of the poet's grief and indignation, which has become the emotional tone of the collection of Wangchuan. The poet tried his best to dispel it with the exquisite and beautiful landscape of Wangchuan, but the inner shadow was hard to break out, which caused an unavoidable contradiction in his works: the poet's "empty sadness" and "melancholy" made him "sit alone" and "long whistle" detached, thus gradually entering a Zen realm. Here, the poet's mood has ups and downs and is very turbulent. It experienced two turning points: from resentment to detachment; From comfort to calmness to meditation.