In addition, from the design fee calculation standard, the current design fee is based on the design budget estimate and is directly related to the economic income of the design unit. So waste occurs from time to time in design. Obviously, to control the project cost, the quality requirements of design work are not only reflected in the technical quality of the design project itself, but also measured from the cost performance of the project. Only the design that combines engineering economy and technology organically is a good design, and only the design that designers enhance their innovative consciousness and can control the project cost scientifically and reasonably is a design that the construction unit needs and is satisfied with. Second, in the bidding stage, reasonably determine the bidding price and reduce the project cost.
Bidding is an important means of government project cost control and an indispensable link to prevent corruption. The implementation of bidding effectively controls the infrastructure investment through market competition. In the bidding process, we should grasp the following links:
1, when the bill of quantities is valued, the requirements for the quality of the bill are very high, that is, higher requirements are put forward for the bill preparers. It is required that the compilers must go deep into the site, be familiar with the drawings, and must not omit, omit or multiply columns, and explain the engineering characteristics and work contents in detail, otherwise the price adjustment will change greatly.
2, the tender documents are an integral part of the contract, the content should be comprehensive, scientific and targeted. The bidding documents shall be jointly examined. Focus on the scope of project bidding, pricing methods, pricing principles, settlement methods, scoring methods, etc. According to the specific characteristics of the project, some unsuitable settlement methods and scoring methods are appropriately adjusted to make them more scientific, reasonable and fair. At the same time, in order to avoid collusion in bidding and raise the quotation at will, the highest price can be set, that is, the bidding control price, which can be calculated with reference to the relevant national budget quota to achieve the purpose of reasonably controlling the bidding price. Third, strengthen contract management and strictly control claims.
Construction contract is the highest code of conduct for contractors in the process of engineering construction. All activities in the construction process are to fulfill the contract contents, and the purpose of contract management is to ensure the contractor to complete the responsibilities and obligations stipulated in the contract in an all-round and orderly manner. Construction contract is also the basis of cost control. When signing a contract, we should pay attention to the following two aspects:
1. The contents of the contract shall be complete, accurate, fair and just, and the rights and obligations of both parties shall be properly handled. The terms of the contract shall not violate laws and regulations, bidding documents and their commitments, and the settlement principles, especially the settlement principles of new projects must be clearly defined in the contract to avoid disputes during settlement and audit.
2. The claim for time limit for a project and expenses in construction management is determined by the contract conditions. The success or failure of a claim often lies not only in the fact of the incident itself; It depends on whether we can find legal terms and contract terms to defend ourselves. Therefore, from the signing of the contract to the management of the contract, the construction unit should strive for the initiative of claim, minimize the loss of its own claim interests and safeguard its legitimate rights and interests. Four, the construction stage of the site visa pass.
The author has been engaged in project cost management for many years and has come into contact with many projects. He believes that on-site visa is an inevitable construction claim in the process of project implementation, which not only affects the project cost in the unit project, but also has the hidden danger of "three excesses" in project cost management. Often, the "on-site visa" has many loopholes, is difficult to manage and has many human factors, which may cause great controversy and directly affect the determination and control of the project cost. Therefore, strengthening the on-site visa management is an important link to control the project cost. In general, on-site visa should pay attention to the following work:
1. Analyze the cause of the incident and find out whether the claim cost exceeds the tender documents and construction contract, otherwise the visa will not be granted.
2, the site visa must be in written form, generally should be signed by the owner's representative, supervision engineer, construction unit * * *.
3. The content of the on-site visa should be clear, the project should be clear, the quantity should be accurate, and the unit price should be reasonable. If necessary, it is necessary to attach the step-by-step process of engineering quantity calculation and the price list of relevant groups, so as to be justified.
4. Representatives of Party A and Party B should take on-site visa work seriously, improve their sense of responsibility, solve problems through consultation, issue visas in time and handle them in time. Five, strictly and accurately carry out the audit of project budget and final accounts.
Auditing the project budget and settlement is an important link to control the project cost. The audit of project budget and settlement should be not only strict, but also accurate. Only the strictness in the accurate sense is reasonable, true and feasible. The audit focus of project budget and settlement is whether the calculation of engineering quantity and the application of quota unit price are correct, whether the cost is in compliance, and whether the construction claim is reasonable. At the same time, the following points should be paid attention to in the process of pre-settlement audit:
1. Audit of engineering quantity: Auditors should not only master the calculation rules of engineering quantity, but also have a systematic understanding of the design and construction of the whole project. For example, the calculation of earthwork should pay attention to the determination of slope coefficient and whether the field surveyors sign it; In reinforced concrete engineering, attention should be paid to deducting the overlapping parts of columns, beams and plates.
2. Rationality review of material price difference: local materials shall be subject to the information price published by relevant functional departments of the local government; Priceless materials should be adjusted by purchasing invoices and combining with tripartite investigation.
3. Review the concealed acceptance records: the concealed engineering construction records and acceptance visas must be signed by more than two people, and the procedures must be complete. Only when the quantities are consistent with the as-built drawings can they be included in the completion settlement.
4. Review the design change and visa: review whether the design change is a change order issued by the design qualification unit, otherwise, the pre-settlement will not be adjusted, and the original drawings that have not been constructed due to the change will be deducted accordingly. Review the legality of visa procedures, the authenticity of contents and the rationality of fees.
5. Review the application of project quota: high quota is a common phenomenon in the project settlement of construction units, especially in the categories of earthwork, masonry mortar label, concrete, paint and other sub-projects, the quota of construction units is often high or low. Therefore, the quota should be accurately applied according to the design and construction acceptance records.
6, review the project fee standard is in accordance with the provisions. In the process of price review, it is important to review whether the determination of charging standards is consistent with the category of regional classification projects, whether the one-time visa fee (independent fee) is included in the fixed direct fee, and whether it is charged according to the relevant national and local adjustment documents. Conclusion of intransitive verbs
To sum up, controlling project cost is a comprehensive project integrating management, technology, quality and construction. Decision makers are required to assess the situation and make decisive decisions, and operators are also required to firmly establish the concept of investment control, carefully calculate and standardize operations in the implementation process, truly handle the relationship between progress, quality and cost, reduce the project cost, effectively control the project cost, save more construction funds for the country and give full play to the maximum investment benefit of the project.