Problems needing attention in each process
(1) Masonry: carry out civilized construction in strict accordance with the building structure diagram issued by the property and the construction drawing of the decoration company, and try to comply with the clear regulations that the load-bearing wall, the wall used by * * *, the elevator shaft and the waterproof layer cannot be damaged; If the consequences are serious, not only will the property have disputes with you, but other owners may also find you in trouble; Choose the size of the switch in advance (whether it is 86 or 1 18), and the size of the bottom box must be chiseled; I would rather be deep than shallow; Before the decoration comes into the site, if you choose to buy cabinets separately, you must issue an effect drawing by the manufacturer, clearly indicating the positions of switches, sockets, range hoods, gas stove air inlets and hot and cold water tanks in the kitchen; You measure it on the spot according to the renderings, experience whether it meets your requirements and whether it is convenient to operate in the future, and then hand it over to the masons for excavation. Common accidents include: careless damage to the water inlet pipe, hot spring water pipe, electric wire (usually at the entrance) and indoor visual alarm line (strictly according to the drawing, the ground wall is generally marked with ink line, if there is any discrepancy, please find the property management to indicate); Destruction of waterproofing leads to the destruction of the downstairs neighbor's home decoration, civilized construction, need to change the floor drain, remember to use water carefully when destroying waterproofing; If there is an empty drum, report it to the property in time. If it is not found during the house inspection, it should be reported immediately. Otherwise, there will be hidden dangers in the future, and the property will not be responsible, and it will be shirked to the decoration construction.
(2) Mud water
A) First of all, the trunking and switch box should be laid horizontally. Pay attention to the depth of the bottom box, and the gap between switches should be even. If there are three switches on the wall, masons usually open a big slot instead of three, so the gap will be separated by masons.
B) If the style at home tends to be stable, it is suggested to install a joinery board (with walnut panel) on the wall where the switch socket is installed, which can reduce the influence of frequent switching on the cleanliness of the wall, and install the switch socket panel evenly, reflecting a new style (if you don't know, please come to the forum for exchange);
C) Dismantle some walls or other shapes that need to be repaired, be careful, no one can empty the drum artificially, and the brick joints should be symmetrical;
D) Cement-sand ratio should be appropriate, otherwise it is easy to crack and fall off. I'm not sure what the specific ratio is, just to remind everyone;
E) When leveling the wall, the internal angle, the stigma and the roof beam should be straight, and the flat should be flat. You can easily see the clue with one eye closed and one eye viewed from the side.
F) When laying floor tiles in bathrooms and balconies, pay attention to the inclination of the ground to prevent floor drain, facilitate running water and avoid water accumulation on the ground in the future;
G) From the function of kitchen and bathroom, bright glazed tiles are generally laid in the kitchen (easy to clean oil stains), and matt tiles are generally laid in the bathroom (foam is easy to stick on the bathroom wall when taking a bath, and bright glazed tiles will damage the glazed surface after a long time);
H) It is important to lay the walls and tiles in the kitchen and bathroom. A slow fire makes sweet malt. A good worker should not only play the chalk line well, find the right elevation, but also carefully choose bricks. Because of the price, the advantages and disadvantages of bricks are quite obvious (in the eyes of the master), and the same bricks will have different sizes. It's obvious which one is bigger and which one is smaller when it's played. Once different specifications appear, they should be replaced immediately (they can be replaced within one day after laying). (Similarly, if other rooms need to be tiled)
I) bricks are not always laid on the side. You should choose to put the whole brick in a conspicuous place in advance and leave the tiles in the corner. Generally, it is better to lay the whole brick on the wall opposite the entrance.
J) A good master will calculate whether the wall brick is a whole brick or a half block because of the height of smallpox, so you need to choose whether the bottom brick (near the ceiling) is a whole brick to a half block or a whole brick to the ceiling. The former looks taller (due to poor eyesight), which is an aesthetic factor. Hehe, the height is of course the same;
K) White cement is generally used to treat brick joints. In the past, white cement and water were mixed evenly and then stirred. Now there is a new method, which directly daubs white cement (dry powder) at the joints of bricks, so that the moisture in the air and the moisture in the wall can be naturally absorbed (it will take several days to dry after moving and pasting bricks). The effect of this is that the blended brick joints are more delicate and smooth, the brick joints are smaller (the original water mixing method) and the color is kept for a long time (the original water mixing method will turn yellow for a long time, and the brick joints are yellow joints). In a few years, it will be convenient to re-white the cement, as long as the brick joints are scraped gently, just like new ones.
L) At the corner (mainly the external corner), the adjacent edges of two adjacent tiles need to be polished into a 45-degree angle with a grinding wheel to ensure the joint is complete and the gap is small, but no internal corner is needed. Generally, one brick is pressed on another; Some edges and corners of ceramic tiles are irregular, and they need to be polished with a grinding wheel before they can be attached to the wall, otherwise the brick joints will be irregular;
M) After the tiles are laid, clean the cement and other stains on the surface with a towel within a quarter of an hour. Never clean them with steel balls afterwards (or clean them afterwards, especially the matt tiles in the bathroom);
Waterproofing is a key project. Waterproofing of bathrooms and living balconies is very important. In addition to the function of preventing leakage to the downstairs, the most important thing is that the waterproofing of rooms such as floors, walls and bathrooms must be done well. Generally, * * * walls in bathrooms and other rooms should be more than 1.5M (it is possible to make them high or both sides of * * * walls should be done at the same time) to avoid the wall surface. If the ground waterproof is not tight enough, it will penetrate into the adjacent wall through the cracks in the bathroom floor tiles (the master bedroom with bathroom should be especially careful); Generally, there are downpipes in life balcony, and the holes where they land often have only a layer of cement. Similarly, you need to be waterproof to avoid leaking downstairs.
O) After the wall and floor tiles are pasted, it usually takes 24 hours for you to inspect the goods. The inspection method is simple. You hit them piece by piece to see if there is any empty sound. If there is an empty drum sound, it means that the cement is not full and needs to be removed and pasted again, otherwise it will fall off easily in the future. Look carefully at whether the brick joints are even, horizontal and vertical;
(3) cabinets
After the wall and floor tiles are laid, you can let the cabinet manufacturers enter the market. Measurement dimensions must be accurate, especially height, rotation angle and abnormity. According to the position of reserved holes such as switch, socket, air inlet and water inlet, see if there is a big discrepancy. If there is no obvious discrepancy, an actual rendering can be issued. Of course, if you pay about 50% in advance, people will start production, which is generally 65438+. If it is repaired, it can't be replaced, otherwise it will take time and money. You have to make it clear to the cabinet manufacturer that once the physical installation is inconsistent (mainly afraid of the displacement of the size and holes, the materials will generally not be faked), the other party will take full responsibility for the rework and delay caused. If the cabinet is ready, it is recommended to install it quickly. If it is finally installed before moving, so much the better. After installation, it can be cleaned and ventilated. Can also be installed in advance, pay attention to the protection of all cabinet door surfaces. The countertop is generally protected by the water, and the stove and sink are protected. Later switch sockets, ceiling lamps, range hoods and so on. Fear of being damaged. It is easier to ask cabinet manufacturers to install electrical appliances (except switch sockets).
A) Several problems needing attention: bottom plate, table top, panel, fittings and installation. If manufacturers do not have excellent equipment, their products will almost always use manual edge sealing or electric iron heating manual edge sealing to deal with each plate, which has the quality hidden trouble of degumming in a short time; The hardware is all made of jiaozi chain and slide rail with the lowest price in China (jiaozi chain price 1.5 ~ 2.00 yuan), (slide rail price is 5.00 ~ 6.0 yuan). In the promotion, they call themselves "imported", but the origin and brand are unknown. So don't easily believe the deceptive preaching of "imported from Italy", but make clear the "brand"; The door panel and box panel shall be made of 16mm thick plate to reduce the cost as much as possible (for strength and fastening, 18mm thick plate shall be used); The original fixing method that screws pass through the backboard instead of hanging cabinet hooks greatly reduces the firmness and aesthetics of hanging cabinets; Do not use ABS molding pump or metal pump, use box-type particleboard spare parts as drawers to minimize wood; Using domestic plastic or metal aluminum back wall (that is, the back water retaining wall), the former can not stand the high temperature next to the gas stove, and the latter is very poor, which seriously affects the quality and beauty of the kitchen cabinet; There is no professional technical design department, no complete after-sales service plan, no written commitment to product quality, no protective measures and department settings to protect consumers' legitimate rights and interests.
B) Door panel: Although there are insurmountable defects in the application of fire-proof panel to the countertop of kitchen cabinets, it has irreplaceable advantages. Therefore, the long-term leading position of refractory plate is determined by its comprehensive characteristics. Fireproof board has the characteristics of wear resistance, high temperature resistance, scratch resistance, permeability resistance, easy cleaning and bright color, which meets the requirements of kitchen cabinets, adapts to the special environment of kitchen, and caters to the development trend of the combination of "beauty and practicality" of kitchen cabinets. Therefore, when you buy a kitchen cabinet and choose a door panel, you should first consider the fire board. In the future use process, you will be glad that your choice is "rational consumption".
C) Box: The particleboard produced at present is essentially different from the particleboard in people's traditional concept. Due to the use of German machinery, the molecular structure is relatively compact, which can bear the load completely and is not easy to deform and bend. Particleboard is the main material of kitchen cabinets at present. It is made of natural wood crushed into particles and pressed into plates, and its waterproof performance is better than that of MDF.
D) Hinge: The quality of German "Haifule", "Haitz" and Taiwan Province hinges is also good, and the price is slightly higher than that of domestic hinges. There are two signs in the market of "Haifule": HFL and Haverley. JS usually calls them Haifule. Remember, the latter is the real brand! The former is "fake" (JS is produced by a joint venture factory? ).
E) Whether the cabinet assembly is used is often ignored by the kitchen cabinet manufacturers, and it is also easily overlooked by consumers when purchasing kitchen cabinets. As far as its function of ensuring the quality and normal use of kitchen cabinets is concerned, consumers should pay enough attention to it. Therefore, it is necessary to consider this factor when you buy kitchen cabinets.
F) The formed drawers, knives and forks are accurate and standardized in size, easy to clean and hygienic, not afraid of pollution and not deformed, which plays an irreplaceable role in the maintenance and use of kitchen cabinet drawers. It has been widely used by kitchen cabinet enterprises in Germany, America, Japan and other developed countries. So when you roughly observe the appearance of the kitchen cabinet, you should open every drawer and have a look. If the combination of forming pump and knife and fork tray is used, it means that the product cost is higher and the kitchen cabinet combination is more standardized. On the contrary, if wooden drawers are used, the cost is lower (a group of wooden pumps are made of 30 yuan, and a group of combined pumps and cutlery trays are made of 400 yuan).
G) It is also very important to choose the material of water retaining wall. Most kitchen cabinet companies choose domestic water retaining walls (about every Mi Yue 15 yuan), and the best choice is German "Haifule" and German "Fenie" aluminum back wall and pressing line (about 60 yuan, Mi Yue).
H) With regard to countertops, DuPont "Kelinai" is the most advanced "solid polymer board" in the domestic market so far. It's expensive because it's imported from America. Guangzhou "Monterey" and "colored gems" are imported technologies, while domestic "solid boards" are free of tariffs and other fees.
(4) Woodworking
A) Similarly, when the materials enter the site, you should check whether the brands of all joinery boards, 3-ply boards, 5-ply boards, plasterboard, solid wood lines, wood squares, plywood and glue meet the contract requirements, whether the colors of the boards are consistent, and how dry and wet the solid wood is;
B) Go to the construction site from time to time (if you have time, you'd better go every day, hehe) and check the materials used, especially the blockboard. If it is found to contain rotten materials and holes, it must be replaced. In order to save trouble, workers often use it when they find rotten materials and holes in joinery boards (you should inform them in advance, have a good relationship with the workers, and the policies of chatting at home and smoking are very effective, and the workers will think of you); If the water content of the material is too heavy, do not use it, but replace it to avoid deformation in the future;
C) If the cabinet is made, it is recommended to stick a poly board or other three-layer board with smooth surface in the cabinet for protection and easy cleaning;
D) For the production of ceiling and false beam, the wooden wedge must be pressed tightly, and the wooden square used for keel must be firm, and Y material cannot be used. It is not recommended to directly drive expansion screws or cement nails, which lacks firmness; Of course, there is no need for wooden wedge between wood structure and wood structure, and people have nail guns to fix it;
E) The light source line in the ceiling is generally inconvenient to pass through, so it should be wrapped with insulating tape;
F) For the production of door covers, whether to use solid wood lines to wrap or directly make straight edges.
G) It is suggested that the sliding mode should be adopted for the manufacture of sliding doors. Sliding means that the sliding rail and sliding door are exposed outside the inner wall. The wall where the door is placed can be thinner (of course, you don't have to use a knife, hehe, you can build a thin wall by knocking it off), and you can install a sliding door by making the thin part to keep the wall flat; Secret sliding means that the sliding door is embedded in the wall. Dark sliding is not convenient for the maintenance and cleaning of the wall, and poor manufacturing is easy to cause cracks in the double-sided wall. It is recommended to install an advanced silent slide rail for the track. The smooth way of my kitchen and bathroom;
H) Install aluminum ceilings in the kitchen and bathroom. Aluminum ceiling can be divided into square buckle and square buckle. It is recommended to use square buckle in bathroom and square buckle in kitchen. Although we tend to use bar buttons now, from a practical point of view, there are many things such as cleaning the bathroom (such as water seepage upstairs, changing the yuba, etc.). ). If the bar button is used, it is difficult for non-professionals to reset it, and the workload of disassembly is also quite large, which may easily lead to smallpox deformation and affect the appearance. However, if you use square buttons, it can be convenient for maintenance.
(5) Painters
This is a face-saving project, and all the omissions should be made up. Generally, wood should be scraped 2-3 times and painted with topcoat 2 times, while clear water paint should be smooth and reflect the true color of wood grain, not too deep; Mud paint generally uses matt paint, mainly white. Wall topcoat is generally 2-3 times primer and 2 times topcoat, and more brushes should be made according to the actual situation.
A) First, verify the identity when the materials enter the site;
B) Scrape putty, use environmentally friendly materials, scrape it once, polish it with fine sandpaper, and then scrape it. If it is uneven, it can be flattened with gypsum powder; C) Internal angle, external angle, false beam, etc. Be sure to make it straight, check whether it is vertical with wooden strips, and wrap a section of joinery board in the outer corner to avoid accidental omission in the future;
D) When painting, try to keep the construction site clean and tidy, walk less and avoid dust. When painting muddy water paint on the surface of wood products, a spray gun is generally used for painting, and the construction ground should be watered and soaked in advance to ensure that the paint surface can reduce dust when painting;
E) Wall paint Generally, the bedroom can be covered with warm colors (that is, the top is the same color as the wall), while the top of the living room should be kept white to set off the wall and make the space higher.
F) Finish painting the wall paint 1 time, and see the initial effect. The color of the color card is often darker than the actual color because of printing, remember!
G) Finish painting the wall once. If there is no change, you can let the wooden floor enter the site. After the wooden floor is installed, lamps and switches can be installed after the floor is installed. The second time, the effect of finishing paint with lighting, floor and other materials has been basically demonstrated. At the same time, carpenters are required to install doors, glass, railings, etc. At the same time, the furniture comes into play, and the damaged place is dug out by the painter alone.
(6) Installation of lamps, sanitary wares and pendants
A) When the wall paint is almost finished, it is time for the plumber to install lamps, switches and other things. Switches and sockets on the wall should be installed horizontally and evenly.
B) When installing lamps, be careful not to damage the surface. Some painted lamps are equipped with gloves to absorb textile stains. Rope lights are installed in general restaurants, and the height depends on the family. Generally, it is more suitable to install it at 1.8M above the ground.
C) Other lamps and lanterns must be installed with wooden wedges, not directly installed on the wall. It's not safe. It's not safe. Keep the connector as long as possible. If it is too short, it may be connected with the type of lamp to be replaced, which is not good;
D) The bedroom is usually equipped with 2 switches and 2 controllers. For example, the lights in the early stage cannot be grouped and only one switch can be used, but if the lights need to be changed in the future, both switches can be used;
E) When installing sanitary ware, the ground must be cleaned and dried, and then the toilet and washbasin must be installed (it is relatively simple to install the whole washbasin, but it is more troublesome to install the column basin);
F) It is recommended to install triangular rows (kitchen 1 sink, 2 water heaters, toilet washbasin 1 cold water outlet and toilet 1 water inlet) at all cold water inlets.
(7) Installation of Wood Floor
A) Someone must supervise on site, install several trial treads, and add moisture-proof mats to uneven ground (it is too late to level the ground on site); The installation of kicking must be flat and press the floor tightly; Expansion joints should be left; The skirting joint should be left in a place where furniture can be blocked in the future, and the corner should be cut into a 45-degree angle to be flat;
B) There are too many professional requirements for wood floor installation, and ordinary workers will not follow them, otherwise time is far from enough; If you are interested, you can look at the installation instructions of the wooden floor.