Its unique charm comes from fully learning and understanding children, following the natural law of children's growth, allowing children to study freely in a prepared environment, enriching their life experience, stimulating their potential, establishing independence, self-confidence and concentration in a relaxed and happy environment, and laying a good quality foundation for the future. That is, let every child become himself (her)!
Unique educational concept:
First of all, a prepared environment.
Montessori pays special attention to the influence of environmental creation on children's development. She compared the environment to the human head, which dominated all human behaviors. Preparing an environment full of love and interest for children can attract them to explore actively. At the same time, the environment should adapt to the child's existing level, ability and interest.
Second, spontaneous learning.
Montessori said: "No one is educated by others, he must educate himself." Children are born with a heartfelt curiosity and love for the unknown. "
Many parents let their children learn piano, English and Chinese characters-
Afraid of missing any learning opportunities. In fact, what children need is a kind of heartfelt satisfaction and happiness, which comes from their spontaneous thirst for knowledge. Knowing this, parents will not suppress their children's initiative and creativity. Therefore, in early childhood, the purpose of education is not to cram selected things into children, but to cultivate children's spontaneous desire to learn and let them grow up independently.
Third, the natural law of "work"
Montessori believes that activities are of great significance to children's psychological development. She called children's activity of using Montessori teaching AIDS "work", which is an activity of spontaneously selecting and operating teaching AIDS and gaining physical and mental development from them. Montessori believes that children's work follows five natural laws:
First, the law of order, that is, children have a hobby and the pursuit of order at work;
The second is the principle of independence, that is, to exclude adults from giving too much help;
Third, the law of freedom requires free choice of working materials and free decision of working hours;
Fourth, the law of concentration, that is, children are very devoted and focused on their work;
Fifth, repeat the practice rule, that is, children can do the work that can meet their inner needs over and over again until they finish the work week.
Fourth, the absorbed mind.
Adults can learn from past experiences. A child has neither experience nor mature intelligence. The way he learns is like a camera negative, absorbing all the impressions from the outside world and then becoming his own. It is a natural and pleasant activity for children to study the environment and obtain information with all their senses. Children's absorptive learning ability will last until about 7 years old.
Montessori believes that it is a natural way for a child to learn to read, write and calculate, just as he learns to walk and speak. When children are interested and ready, adults should allow them to study.
Five, the sensitive period of development
In the process of children's growth, there will be a time when they will only be interested in a specific thing in the environment and will continue to imitate and learn. This makes "
Children can choose what is suitable and essential for their growth from the complex environment ... "
If we miss the sensitive period of development, children's learning and growth will get twice the result with half the effort. Use the sensitive period to educate, guide and help young children to avoid losses caused by delaying the opportunity.
Montessori's educational content in five fields:
Education in daily life: basic movement training, taking good care of yourself, the environment and others. Let children learn to take care of themselves and the environment through basic action training and daily etiquette training. Cultivate children's independence, autonomy, concentration, hand-eye coordination and self-confidence.
Sensory education: visual training, auditory training, taste training, olfactory training and tactile training. Cultivate children's observation, classification and attention. Mathematics education: preparation before calculation, 0 ~ 10
Understanding, decimal (1), continuous number, decimal (2), introduction of fraction, introduction of cube. Cultivate children's initial quantitative concept, logical thinking ability, understanding ability and judgment ability.
Language education: listening, speaking, eyesight, pronunciation, writing and reading exercises. Cultivate children's reading, writing and listening and speaking abilities.
Humanities and Nature Education: Nature, Geography, History, Science, Music and Fine Arts. By letting children learn national culture, they can cultivate their love for science and national pride, and stimulate their curiosity and thirst for knowledge.
Montessori teaching principle
Montessori education centers on children and respects their personal dignity and growth process through in-depth understanding of them. Design teaching from the perspective of promoting children's physical and mental development, lay a good foundation for children's wisdom and personality all their lives, and cultivate independent and continuous study and work habits.
Montessori educational principle
Children-oriented-create a "children's world" for children, focus on their problems, and let them "be themselves" independently.
Adequate teaching AIDS-Children learn by their senses, and the more good stimuli we provide them, the more they can stimulate their inner potential.
Education without "teaching" —— Oppose the traditional teacher-centered cramming education and advocate a beautiful learning environment.
Rich teaching AIDS, let children take the initiative to contact, learn and form wisdom.
Grasp the sensitive period of learning-children aged 0-6 will have various "sensitive periods" for different things at different growth stages.
Teachers are in the position of assistance and enlightenment-teachers must give up the traditional self-righteous education methods, but give timely help and guidance to children, so that children can become the main body of education, think and be wise.
Parents are the real key-children's education is not limited to a certain corner of the school, and the influence of the whole social environment is even less.
Not there. In the parent-child class, parents can not only learn advanced educational concepts and teaching.
Methods, you can also attend classes with your baby to enhance parent-child feelings.
Montessori put forward a new educational theory through the intuitive observation and analysis of children, emphasizing the inherent potential of children and advocating that children should give full play to their potential in a free and caring environment. To sum up, the basic theory of Montessori teaching method mainly includes:
1.
2. Independent growth theory.
3. The theory of natural development of life.
4. Absorb the theory of mind.
5. Theory of labor humanity.
6. Useless reward and punishment theory.
The Basic Spirit of Montessori Teaching
Montessori mainly understands the changes and needs of children's physical and mental growth at various stages by scientific methods according to the natural law of human growth, so as to give appropriate help, inspire or induce children's physical and mental activities, and make children develop into the most useful, efficient and happy people in the future.
Montessori teaching AIDS
Educational teaching AIDS. Teaching AIDS that are conducive to developing intelligence are called intelligence education. For children's education, we need textbooks, including natural textbooks, as well as textbooks and books in social life. Montessori used her teaching AIDS as teaching materials, and she actually turned the teaching materials in life into teaching AIDS. Montessori believes that since the teaching AIDS for training children's five senses can achieve good results in the education of children with physical and mental defects, it is certainly effective for normal children. After repeated design, she developed such a set of teaching AIDS for training normal children.
Teaching AIDS have the following characteristics:
(1) is isolated. Teaching AIDS are mainly simple and clean colors, such as powder tower and brown ladder. She believes that this kind of teaching is conducive to children to adopt a single tone and show the characteristics of isolation. Can show her main educational purpose. Such as a temperature-sensitive plate, so that children can experience the temperature.
(2) Easy to move. Because the most important purpose of teaching AIDS is to meet the needs of children, the weight and size of each teaching aid take into account the scope of children's ability and whether children can move. As the biggest piece of the pink tower, children can move it.
(3) Beautiful teaching AIDS. Each teaching aid has its own characteristics and can attract children. This factor can attract children from skin color, weight, characteristics or voice. These teaching AIDS are very popular with children.
( 4
) Each teaching aid used alone or in combination has its own completion steps and sequence. These teaching AIDS have their own sequence and steps in their work. If they don't follow the steps she designed, they will make mistakes. If there is a mistake, there is a way of self-control. So whether it is design or use, it is from simple to complex. Cultivate children to understand the steps, pay attention to order and develop internal discipline. She is normal.
(5) It has the characteristics of controlling and correcting design errors. Children can find and correct their mistakes. Such as socket cylinder and powder tower, the difference is 1cm.
(6) It has mathematical properties. Cultivate children's logical habits and reasoning ability through steps and sequences. Every teaching aid has its arithmetic relationship. Such as long rods, the difference between each long rod is 10 cm, which has arithmetic and mathematical properties.
(7) indirect preparation. Each teaching aid has a direct and indirect educational purpose to help children prepare and adapt to their future life. For example, if the shape of the teaching aid changes, children can master the geometry in operation or change with it. Draw various shapes with paper to prepare for future study. Have indirect preparation.
Montessori education method is a kind of education based on scientific methods, and it is an excellent educational model for implementing quality education and potential development for young children. Its main features are as follows:
1, child-centered
Oppose the adult-centered teaching concept and regard children as independent individuals different from adults.
2. "Education without teaching"
Montessori opposes teacher-centered cramming teaching, and advocates starting with daily life training, with a good learning environment and rich education, so that children can learn spontaneously and actively and construct their perfect personality.
3. Grasp the sensitive period of children.
Children aged 0- 6 will have a certain preference tendency in a certain period. If you learn this feature along the sensitive period, you can get the greatest learning effect.
The teacher plays the role of tutor.
Generally speaking, Mr. Montessori is called a mentor. He must have a deep understanding of the child's spiritual world and know the child's development like the back of his hand. So as to provide timely and appropriate help and guidance for children.
5, the cultivation of complete personality
The ultimate goal of Montessori education is to help children normalize. Through the design of environment and the operation of teaching AIDS, children can establish a perfect personality step by step.
6. Respect your child's growth rhythm
Montessori education requires teachers to teach children with different characteristics in accordance with their aptitude, rather than "one size fits all" education.
7. Mixed age education
Let children of different ages be together, so that younger children can have imitators of different ages, while older children can enhance their knowledge and ability by helping younger children.
8. Rich teaching materials and teaching AIDS
Montessori's teaching AIDS are very rich, but they are not tools for teachers to teach, but materials for children to work with. Through these tasks, children can establish a perfect personality from self-repeated operation exercises.
9. Eliminate the single reward and punishment system.
Montessori teaching respects children and cultivates their budding sense of dignity.
10, explosive teaching achievement
Montessori education respects children's inner needs and allows them to grow up in a timely and appropriate manner. It is not easy to perceive the results in the short term, but it will show the child's inner mental development level in the form of an explosion at some time.