Investigation time: February 4th, 2006 to February 4th, 2006 14.
Researcher: Yan Wu, a grade 04 student majoring in health management in School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University.
He, Grade 03, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University.
Liang Wenyu, Grade 04, Maoming College, Guangdong Province
Mo Yuli, Grade 05, Maoming College, Guangdong Province
Investigation location: Carbon Factory of Hongqi North Road, Maoming City, Guangdong Province and surrounding residential areas.
Reason for investigation: Hexi area of Maoming City is an industrial zone, where petrochemical companies, carbon factories, mines and small factories are all built, and there are tens of thousands of residents living around it. Due to the influence of factories, the environmental pollution is very serious, especially in the area of Hongqi North Road. Residents are not only polluted by factories, but also by dump trucks on the road. Whenever a car passes by Hongqi North Road, the dust rises and flies all over the sky, making it difficult to breathe. My family is one of the victims. It is bordered by carbon factory in the west, highway in the east and oil company in the south. For more than ten years, pollution has been constant. When the west wind and northwest wind blow, the room is full of carbon particles, and I still smell that pungent smell from time to time. It's still hard to cover your nose and even dare not open the doors and windows. The floor at home has never been clean, even if it has just been cleaned, it is dark when you step on it; There are traces of toner on walls and furniture. The entrance is too dirty to go out. Dust, waste gas, waste residue and waste water all come together. Residents complain endlessly, but they have no choice but to gamble on their health for their livelihood, and their health is getting worse and worse, and respiratory diseases are rampant. Most wealthy families have moved away, leaving some poor residents suffering. Because there is no money and no power, the residents are in trouble and no one cares. Their complaints about the pollution of Hongqi North Road were also reported by the media, but the relevant government departments still turned a blind eye and no one dealt with them. According to a resident, the central leadership came down to investigate, and Maoming government officials ordered the street lamps on Hongqi North Road to be closed for a few days, falsely claiming that it was a suburb, so as to cover up the truth. To this end, as one of the victims, as a college student, as a * * * production party party member, I have the responsibility and obligation to solve problems for residents, investigate the matter clearly, and try my best to get residents out of their misery. As a result, students from several universities spontaneously organized a social survey on the impact of environmental pollution on the surrounding residents, and handed over the survey results to relevant government departments, hoping that they would reply and take measures to solve the residents' sufferings.
Investigation process: The investigation began on February 4th. First of all, several of us visited several surrounding residential areas around the whole investigation step, and went to Dayuan residential area, open pit residential area, glass factory residential area and roadside residents along Hongqi North Road opposite. After learning some information, the next day, February 5, we entered the preparation stage of the questionnaire. We issued two questionnaires, one about the influence of factory pollution on the surrounding residents, mainly aiming at the residents' investigation to understand their living conditions, living conditions and physical conditions. 250 copies of * * * were used, each with 20 small questions, and the other was a questionnaire for factory workers, mainly to investigate and understand the work situation of workers in the factory. The purpose of the two questionnaires is to understand the situation of the factory and combine with the residents to make the results more convincing. On the third day (February 6th), we made an unannounced visit to the carbon factory. We sneaked into the factory, met some workers and talked with them. We found that they all work blindly for a living, with low wages, weak awareness of environmental protection and backward factory equipment. We even saw an old machine from the 1970s. There are almost no environmental protection measures in the factory, waste gas and waste residue are discharged everywhere with chimneys, carbon particles are rolling, and the factory is dilapidated and inefficient. The carbon factory is basically operating at a loss. After listening to it, we can't help but feel indignant: they actually exchanged huge environmental damage for meager profits, ignoring people's health and life! In order to know more, on the 7th, we called the leaders of the factory. He showed us the external equipment of the factory and talked about some simple environmental protection measures. It turns out that only two workshops have taken measures, one is to use bag dust removal, and the other is electrostatic dust removal (this dust removal method has only been applied in recent years). It is sustainable if a large carbon factory and a highly polluting state-owned enterprise only use simple facilities to prevent environmental pollution. He also said that Maoming Environmental Protection Bureau will conduct regular inspections. So, that afternoon, we decided to go to the Environmental Protection Bureau, hoping to get some test data to understand the pollution situation of the carbon plant, but it was rejected, claiming that these data were confidential and could not be released to the public. I wonder: isn't government affairs open? Don't the masses and even the victims have the minimum right to know? I was disappointed to come back from the environmental protection bureau, but in the next few days, we made a questionnaire survey non-stop. We went to the residential area of the carbon factory and sent out several questionnaires. For some reason, we only took back a few, but the questionnaire survey of the factory was not successful. In addition, we also distributed another questionnaire. First of all, the residents of my residential area (that is, the printing factory directly adjacent to the carbon factory, which is heavily polluted), followed by another nearby factory (the original glass factory, which has been bankrupt for many years), the eighth construction company of the province and the surrounding villages, only to find that after the bankruptcy of the glass factory, some unscrupulous manufacturers rented land and used improper means to produce high-pollution products and toxic waste gas behind closed doors. My heart is heavy. I wish I could do something for them. Behind them are residents going to other residential areas and a building on the side of the road. The biggest pollution for them is dust, followed by carbon particles. It's really painful to be caught between the two sides. They have voted many times, but they still have no recourse. To this end, many people are disappointed. Because of the time, we didn't interview every household face to face, but only asked Aunt Menggang for help. This aunt is very enthusiastic. She really hopes that we can improve their lives. We collected more than 20 questionnaires from her. Due to strict management in other districts, questionnaires cannot be distributed, and this survey is over.
Results Analysis: A total of 74 questionnaires were collected and 48 were valid. Among all the residents surveyed, 100% is polluted by the surrounding environment, of which 87.5% comes from the carbon factory, and the probability that the pollutant is dust is 89.6%. 79.2% households have serious dust, mainly carbon particles; 9 1.7% people often smell unpleasant smells, and 79.2% of these smells come from carbon factories; There is little water pollution, only 3 1.3% people think it is water pollution, and the pollution situation is average. From the above statistics, it can be concluded that in the area of Hongqi North Road, the chief culprit of pollution is the carbon factory. Such state-owned enterprises used to be the pillar industries of the country, and the environmental pollution was so bad. Blind pursuit of profits is a painful price for environmental damage, and people's survival is threatened. According to the health survey, 40.9% and 38.6% of people are seriously affected by pollution, and the sum of the two statistics is as high as 79.5%; 53.3% people feel very uncomfortable when they smell or inhale dust, and 37.5% people feel a little uncomfortable. Due to long-term pollution, most residents suffer from respiratory diseases, with 53.5% * *, and some even have a family of three. Among the sick people, 52.2% are sick, and 43.5% sometimes relapse. Most diseases are common, but 34.9% are serious. When asked whether their illness was related to environmental pollution, 7 1.4% people thought it was definitely, and only 26.2% people were skeptical. These are the results of dust and waste gas. It can be concluded from the above data that pollution is directly related to health. If government departments do not take feasible measures to control environmental pollution, the consequences will be unimaginable. Here, we think we can start from the following aspects: First, the government should regularly monitor the pollution discharge from factories so that unqualified factories can be rectified; Second, in order to ensure the environmental quality, it is necessary to regularly detect the surrounding environment and publish the data in time, instead of blindly covering up the facts; Three, ordered the factory to take environmental protection measures, not to discharge pollutants; 4. Close those factories that illegally produce without relevant licenses and discharge a large amount of waste without any environmental protection actions; Fifth, rebuild roads, rectify dump trucks and sprinkle water on roads regularly; Sixth, in terms of planning, the government should make overall arrangements. If Hexi is built into an industrial zone, the problem of giving full consideration to the lives of local residents should be solved, either by relocating or improving local environmental conditions; Seventh, we should combine economic benefits with environmental benefits and pay attention to them at the same time, and we should not just pursue economic benefits and ignore environmental benefits; Eight, the introduction of technical personnel, improve life with science and technology.
Question: The survey lasted only ten days, but many things were not done enough due to lack of experience. Problems are not considered comprehensively, professional knowledge is lacking, and theoretical level is shallow. Mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, the topic is too big, the problem is not well considered, and there are too many interference factors. For example, this plan is to investigate the impact of carbon factories on residents, but road factors and the existence of illegal factories have affected the real results of the investigation; Second, the questionnaire is not completely scientific, for example, the third question seems a bit redundant; Some questions are not completely clearly written, which has caused misunderstandings among residents, such as: "This question is limited to single choice" and "If you answer' Yes', please answer the next small question"; Third, there are many multiple-choice questions and the statistics are difficult; Fourth, the sample selection is not scientific enough, and the sample size is not enough; Although 74 questionnaires were received this time, only 48 were valid, because they trusted others' help too much and didn't go to the door to investigate in person, which led them to fill in dozens of questionnaires with too many false elements and had to give up. Six, due to the lack of statistical knowledge, can not be sure of the correctness of the survey results; Seven, due to subjective and objective factors, the factory questionnaire can not be completed, and the factory factors and residents factors can not be fully combined, making the survey results unconvincing.
Experience: I learned a lot through this survey. First of all, I have mastered certain investigation methods, understood the methods of finding and solving problems, fully analyzed the shortcomings of this investigation, and put forward several schemes according to the situation; Secondly, I stepped into the society, integrated into the society, fully realized the sense of mission and responsibility on my shoulders, and knew what I should and could do; Here we go again. The most important thing is to understand the social reality. Reality and ideal will never be consistent, reality is cruel, and many times, we can't choose. Many people suggest that government departments close factories or ban the passage of dump trucks, but think about it, is this possible? The country wants development and the people want food, because the relationship between a small number of people (in this case, relative to the whole Maoming city) will only lead to economic stagnation. But from the government's point of view, there are many acts of breaking faith with the people. Obviously watching the people suffer and listening to their complaints, they still sit back and just pass the buck. This department ignores it, and that department ignores it. The reason is: this can't be managed! It is not that I can't control it, but that I never care! Even the central authorities have come down to investigate, but they can still cheat and evade their responsibilities! It's none of your business, hang up! Officials live well, eat well, and receive enough money from manufacturers. He also cares about the lives of your people! In fact, everything comes down to corruption, and the crux of corruption lies in the imperfection of the national system and the loopholes in the legal system. System problems have spawned a series of vicious cycles. Too many people are in charge, which leads to too many people in charge, which leads to nothing being solved, and eventually loses trust in the people, which is likely to lead to infighting and even civil strife. The loopholes in the legal system have made it possible for too many lawless elements to succeed. Failure to abide by laws and lax enforcement are the root causes of corruption. Therefore, we should do a good job in structural reform and legal construction, and truly establish a democratic government for the country and the people!