First, the importance of greenhouse in flower production
The importance of greenhouse to flower production has long been known to growers. Using greenhouse to cultivate flowers can not only effectively control environmental factors such as temperature, light, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration, but also break the seasonal restriction of flower growth and realize the annual production and supply of flowers. In addition, for those flowers that are not suitable for local cultivation, greenhouse facilities can also be used to create suitable environmental conditions for introduction and cultivation. The use of modern greenhouses with complete environmental control equipment can maintain a good microclimate environment inside the greenhouse and make flowers grow well with high quality. It is precisely because of its advanced greenhouse facilities and spray drip irrigation technology that Israel's export flower products have high market competitiveness.
Nowadays, the role and position of greenhouse facilities in human economic life is becoming more and more obvious. Take the roses in Colombia as an example, because the atmospheric temperature is too low for more than two months in winter and occasionally too high in summer. It often leads to a gap in rose production during these two periods of the year. Although it has been planted for more than 20 years, due to the unstable quality and output of roses, the market in this season is gradually seized by Ecuador, so Colombia has to pay attention to the development of protected cultivation and constantly develop new greenhouses and supporting facilities. Take international potted flowers as an example. Whether it is cold North American countries such as Canada and the United States, Nordic countries such as Denmark and Norway, warm Central and South American countries such as Colombia and Mexico, African countries such as Kenya and Zimbabwe, and even Japan and South Korea in Southeast Asia, in order to obtain higher economic benefits, greenhouse facilities are widely used to produce commercial flowers.
It can be said that greenhouse has become a prerequisite for the development of flower industry, and it is difficult to produce high-quality potted flowers without advanced greenhouse facilities.
2. Flower greenhouse air source heat pump heating requirements:
1, the heating system should have sufficient heating capacity to keep the required indoor temperature at the outdoor design temperature and ensure the normal growth of plants in the greenhouse;
2. The one-time investment and daily operation cost of the heating system should be economical and reasonable, so as to ensure the normal production can be profitable;
3. It is required that the temperature in the greenhouse should be uniform, the cooling equipment should be shielded less, the occupied space should be small, and the equipment should run safely and reliably.
Four, under normal circumstances, the greenhouse heat calculation factors.
(1) Heat conducted and radiated through roofs, floors, walls, doors and windows, etc.
(2) heat the heat needed to penetrate into the air through the gaps of doors, windows and envelope structures.
(3) The heat required to heat the cold materials entering the greenhouse.
(4) the heat consumed by water evaporation in the greenhouse
(5) Heat consumption of ventilation
(6) Energy exchanged by crop physiological and biochemical transformation.
Three. Four Harms of Flowers in Greenhouse
1. Poisonous gas damage.
In sunny and windless weather, it is necessary to ventilate in time to discharge harmful gases in the shed. According to the agricultural Taobao guide, fully decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied in the shed, and Hua Zhuang Di Ling or Hua Zhuang Stem Ling+photosynthetic nutrient film fertilizer should be sprayed to maximize the absorption of a large number of light fertilizers, light energy, light, compatibility with conventional fertilizers and nutrients needed for plant growth and development.
2. Wet loss.
In long-term closure and rainy and snowy days, drainage ditches should be opened outside the greenhouse to reduce soil moisture. In addition, you can also sprinkle some plant ash on the basin surface or the ground to absorb heat, raise temperature, absorb moisture and reduce humidity. At the same time, we should pay attention to tighten the shed film to prevent the roof from leaking.
3. Frostbite.
For flowers that are not cold-tolerant, a new layer of high-fat film should be sprayed to form a layer of polymer film for thermal insulation, and a straw curtain should be built at night or a shed should be built in the shed; You can also dig a reservoir every few meters in the center of the greenhouse to keep warm.
4. disease.
Spraying plant cell immunogens before the onset of the disease can improve the stress resistance of plants and make viral DNA break and apoptosis. Strong immune function, inducing interferon and active cytokines, inhibiting the replication of residual viruses, and promoting the positive energy ecological growth of plants.