Combined with the renewal of four batches of third-party payment licenses and the daily supervision of the central bank, the strong supervision of third-party payment will become the new normal. With the continuous reduction of the number of licenses, the gold content of existing licenses will continue to rise. With the rise of mobile payment habits in consumption, Internet payment licenses are particularly favored. The following is an inventory of the issuance history and renewal of third-party payment licenses that I have compiled. Let's have a look.
On June 26, 2007, the central bank announced the decision to renew the fourth batch of payment business licenses of non-bank payment institutions.
According to the announcement, among the 93 non-bank payment institutions applying for renewal this time, * * * 84 non-bank payment institutions were allowed to renew their payment business licenses until 2022, and 9 institutions were not renewed due to the circumstances stipulated in Article 6 of the Notice of the People's Bank of China on the Renewal of Payment Business Licenses (Yinfa [2015] No.358).
List of non-renewal institutions:
Putian yintong payment co., ltd
An Shang Tong electronic payment co., ltd
Beijing jiaoguang technology development co., ltd.
Beijing zhong cheng Xin he payment co., ltd
Shanxi orchid business payment co., ltd
Harbin Jinlianxin Payment Technology Co., Ltd.
Anhui ruixiang information service co., ltd
Changsha shanglian electronic commerce co., ltd
Lefu payment co., ltd
Organizations with reduced business scope:
At the same time, the announcement shows that two institutions (You Fu Co., Ltd. and Shandong Online Famous Network Technology Co., Ltd.) have been ordered to stop their business in some regions although they renewed their contracts.
The types and scope of business permitted by Accompanying Payment Co., Ltd. are Internet payment, mobile phone payment and bank card receipt (except Jilin, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Fujian and Heilongjiang provinces). According to the Notice of the People's Bank of China on the Special Inspection of Bank Card Receipt in 20 14 (Yinfa [2065438+04] No.267), it was ordered to stop the bank card receipt business in five provinces and cities such as Jilin, Liaoning (including Dalian), Zhejiang (including Ningbo), Fujian and Heilongjiang.
The license business type and scope of Shandong Famous Online Network Technology Co., Ltd. is Internet payment, which shows that the notice of China People's Bank on renewal (Yinfa [2065438+05] No.358) stipulates that prepaid cards shall not be renewed and issued (Beijing, Qingdao).
Third-party payment license issuance history
On June 20 10, the central bank promulgated the Measures for the Administration of Payment Services of Non-financial Institutions, which stipulated that third-party payment licenses, also known as payment business licenses, were required to engage in payment business. According to business types, it can be divided into three categories: bank card receipt, online payment and prepaid card issuance and acceptance, among which online payment is subdivided into internet payment, mobile payment, digital TV payment and fixed telephone payment.
20 1 1 in may, the central bank issued the first batch of 27 payment business licenses including AliPay, Kuaiqian, Remittance Tianxia, Lacarra, Shengfutong and Yinsheng. Subsequently, in August of 20 1 1, February of 20 165438, June of 20 12 and July of 20 14, the central bank issued four batches of payment business licenses. After more than half a year, the central bank didn't approve another enterprise until 2065438+March 2005, and only issued a card to Guangdong Guangwu Electronic Commerce Co., Ltd. (to carry out prepaid card issuance and acceptance business).
In the end, the central bank issued 270 payment licenses in five batches. Since then, the central bank has indicated that it will not approve new institutions in principle for a period of time, and will focus on standardizing and guiding existing institutions and resolving risks, and strengthen the supervision and governance of payment business.
As payment licenses are no longer issued, enterprises turn to acquire payment licenses through mergers and acquisitions, and license transactions rise; The overall market is in short supply, and the price of high-quality licenses has risen.
Third-party payment license renewal
1, update of the first batch of licenses
The first batch of 27 third-party payment licenses expired in May 20 16, and the licensees actively renewed their licenses. However, the government is very cautious about the renewal of the first batch of licenses. On August 20th,16, 13, it took more than three months to announce the renewal results. The first batch of 27 payment institutions have all been renewed, valid for 5 years.
During the first license renewal, 15 payment institutions actively or passively adjusted the payment business scope, among which 5 payment institutions terminated the fixed telephone payment business and 3 payment institutions terminated the bank card acquiring business in some provinces.
2. Renewal of the second batch of licenses
Compared with the first batch, the renewal of the second batch of payment licenses has progressed quite rapidly. On August 30th, 20 16, the central bank announced the second batch of 12 renewal decisions of non-bank institutions.
Except for Shanghai Changgou Enterprise Service Co., Ltd., which was cancelled by the central bank on 20 1610.5, the remaining 12 third-party payment institutions were successfully renewed with a validity period of five years. Among them, two payment institutions merged and one business scope narrowed.
The announcement shows that two payment institutions have been adjusted: two payment companies of Shandong Shang Lu Group merged and two payment institutions of Fu You Group merged. Fuguo Payment was stopped from carrying out bank card acquiring business in Henan, Zhejiang (excluding Ningbo), Fujian, Tianjin, Jiangxi, Jilin and Hunan provinces.
3. Renewal of the third batch of licenses
On the afternoon of February 20th, 2065438+06, 2065438+06, the central bank announced the renewal results of the third batch of third-party payment licenses. Among the 53 institutions, except for 1 company, which needs the merger of two companies, the fees of other companies are renewed for five years.
In this renewal work, Shanghai Tongka Investment Management Co., Ltd. violated the provisions of the Notice of the People's Bank of China on Renewal Work (Yinfa [2065438+05] No.385) and refused to renew it.
In addition, the central bank requires the two companies to merge related businesses:
Guofubao Information Technology Co., Ltd. merged the payment business of Hainan Island One Card Payment Network Co., Ltd. and increased the acceptance of prepaid card issuance (Hainan, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Hunan and Beijing).
Shanghai Dianbaiqu Information Technology Co., Ltd. merged with Wenzhou Zhimin Information Service Co., Ltd. to increase the acceptance of prepaid card issuance (Zhejiang, Shandong, Fujian and Guangdong provinces).
The main reason for the merger is that the actual controller behind the enterprise has a great connection.
4. The fifth batch of licenses will expire on July 20 19.
The fifth batch of third-party payment licenses was published on July 6, 20 14, and the issuing date was from July 8 to 10, which means that the fifth batch of third-party payment licenses will expire on July 20 19.
The fifth batch of licenses * * * includes 19 institutions, including 8 in Guangdong, 3 in Beijing, 3 in Shandong, and 0 in Chongqing, Hubei, Guangxi, Shaanxi and Xinjiang. This batch of licensed Beijing Changjietong Payment Technology Co., Ltd. has a foreign capital background, which is the first time that the central bank has issued a license to a private institution with a foreign capital background.
The renewal of this license plate will be carried out in two years, and the specific situation is worth looking forward to.
The supervision of third-party licenses has become stricter and the gold content of licenses has continued to rise.
Since 20 15, the central bank has strengthened the supervision of third-party payment institutions, not only issued fines for violations in daily operations, but also revoked the' payment qualifications' of many third-party payment companies.
Since 20 17, the cancellation of third-party payment licenses has accelerated. According to the website of the central bank, up to now, two third-party payment licenses 12 have been cancelled, and eight payment institution licenses have been cancelled from May to June 6.
Regardless of online and offline business, payment is the last link to complete the transaction. Master the payment license, control the capital flow and information flow, integrate online and offline data with the advantage of entrance, create a closed loop of assets, payment and marketing, and create your own ecosystem. Therefore, it is not surprising that the third payment license transaction is getting hotter and hotter.
Combined with the renewal of four batches of third-party payment licenses and the daily supervision of the central bank, Tongniu Technology observes that the strong supervision of third-party payment will become the new normal. With the continuous reduction of the number of licenses, the gold content of existing licenses will continue to rise. With the rise of mobile payment habits in consumption, Internet payment licenses are particularly favored.
According to the incomplete statistics of Tongniu Science and Technology Observation Post, there are only 1 10 licenses with Internet payment qualification. These 1 10 licenses are held by giants such as Alipay, Tenpay and UnionPay, and some of them have been acquired by e-commerce platforms such as Meituan, JD.COM and Gome. There are too few Internet payment licenses available for trading, and the overall market is in short supply. It can be expected that the transaction price of payment licenses will continue to rise in the future.
List of issuance history and renewal of third-party payment licenses II. Overview of third-party payment
1. Overall situation of third-party payment
According to the data disclosed on the website of the People's Bank of China, the central bank issued the first batch of 27 third-party payment licenses on May 3, 201. As of June 26th, 20 17, there were 247 valid payment licenses nationwide. Judging from the issuance of third-party payment licenses in recent years, the speed of the central bank's approval of new licenses has been declining year by year, and the speed has dropped significantly since 20 13, and no new third-party payment licenses have been approved since March 20 15.
With the issuance of licenses, the payment industry ushered in a period of rapid development, but then problems began to be exposed in terms of reserve funds, clearing and settlement, and clearing codes, and the regulatory authorities began to rectify the payment industry. Zhejiang Yi Shi Enterprise Management Service Co., Ltd. was cancelled by the central bank on August 24, 20 15 due to a large number of serious problems such as illegal misappropriation of customer reserve funds, becoming the first enterprise to cancel the third-party payment license. Judging from the speed of cancellation of licenses by the central bank, only nine companies have been cancelled since May 20 15, 20 17. Up to now, 13 companies have been cancelled, which shows that the central bank's efforts to clean up and rectify the third-party payment market in 20 17 years have obviously increased. There are three main reasons for cancellation: enterprise merger, serious violation of regulations and voluntary cancellation.
In addition, because the third-party payment license is valid for five years, many payment licenses are facing the problem of renewal recently. As of June 26, 20 17, the central bank * * * announced the license renewal results of four batches of 185 third-party payment companies, of which 10 payment companies did not renew their licenses, and most of their business types were prepaid card issuance and acceptance.
2. Background of the third-party payment company
According to the incomplete statistics of Online Loan Home Research Center, as of 2065438+June 26, 2007, among the 247 companies with third-party payment licenses, * *141was directly or indirectly funded by listed companies, accounting for 57%, of which 33 were directly funded by listed companies; There are 37 platforms funded directly or indirectly by state-owned enterprises (companies that have been listed have state-owned shares but are no longer included), accounting for15% of the total; In addition, although some companies are not directly or indirectly funded by listed companies or state-owned enterprises, they are also funded by various industry giants. For example, Dalian Wanda Group, Sanpower Group and Haier Group all hold third-party payment licenses. It can be seen that most third-party payment licenses are still in the hands of listed companies and industry giants. It is understood that a number of listed companies have announced the acquisition of third-party payment companies to enter the payment industry, such as Gome.
In addition, according to the incomplete statistics of Online Loan Home Research Center, UnionPay holds the most third-party payment licenses, and UnionPay holds and shares in 1 1 third-party payment companies through direct or indirect shareholding, including its own third-party payment licenses, and * * owns 12 third-party payment licenses; Followed by HNA Group, HNA Group holds and shares in five third-party payment companies through indirect shareholding, namely Yisheng Payment, Xinsheng Payment, Guofubao, Hainan One Card and Kayou Payment. In addition, it is understood that in the third batch of 53 third-party payment licenses renewal results, the central bank requested Guofubao Information Technology Co., Ltd. to merge the payment business of Hainan Island One Card Payment Network Co., Ltd., and the previously cancelled business of Zhejiang Shengju Payment Technology Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Huashi Information Technology Co., Ltd. was merged by Hainan Xinsheng Payment and Yisheng Payment.
Second, the scope of third-party payment business
According to the classification of Management Measures for Payment Services of Non-financial Institutions issued by the Central Bank on June 26th, 2065438, the third-party payment services are mainly divided into three categories: online payment, prepaid card issuance and acceptance, and bank card receipt. Among them, online payment includes internet payment, mobile phone payment, fixed telephone payment, digital TV payment and so on. According to the statistics of Online Loan Home Research Center, as of June 26th, 20 17, there were 153 companies with the qualification of issuing and accepting prepaid cards. Followed by Internet payment, 109 companies have obtained such business qualifications; There are 55 companies with bank card receipt and payment qualifications.
According to the statistics of the Online Loan Home Research Center, there are only 10 companies with "full licenses" for issuing and accepting prepaid cards, Internet payment, mobile phone payment and bank card receipt, which means that these companies can carry out PC-side payment, mobile phone payment and POS receipt business, and can also issue prepaid cards with relatively high license value. At the same time, six of them have fund sales payment settlement licenses. Judging from the background of these 10 third-party payment companies, they are basically in the hands of various industry giants such as Ali, China Mobile and Hainan Airlines. In addition, there are 14 companies with the most valuable qualifications in Internet payment, mobile payment and bank card acquiring business.
Three. Acquisition of third-party payment license
According to the incomplete statistics of Online Loan Home Research Center, as of June 26th, 20 17, there were 36 cases of acquisition or planned acquisition of * * * third-party payment companies nationwide. From the background of the acquirer, there are both Internet giants such as JD.COM and traditional enterprises such as Haier. Generally speaking, the acquirer is mainly a listed company. The author believes that there are two main reasons for listed companies to acquire third-party payment licenses. First, the central bank has made it clear that new institutions will not be approved in principle in the short term, and listed companies can only enter the payment market through acquisitions; Second, the gold content of third-party payment licenses is relatively high. With the rapid development of internet finance and the change of people's payment habits, the third-party payment license can not only help listed companies reduce the cost pressure, but also record a large number of consumer behavior data, which has high data value and help giant companies build a closed-loop ecosystem.
Judging from the cases of acquisition or proposed acquisition announced at present, many companies obtain the third-party payment license by acquiring the shares of the parent company or shareholders paid by the third party, and the price of the third-party payment license is related to the business type, acquisition time and the development of the payment company. From the price point of view, the license price with the qualification of Internet payment and bank card acquiring business is the highest, and it is on the rise year by year. The value of individual business licenses varies greatly, and the value of better development is higher; The licensing price of prepaid card issuance and acceptance business is relatively low, and the price is related to the business scope, which is basically around 50 million yuan-654.38+0 billion yuan. Third-party payment licenses with multiple business qualifications and good business development are more expensive. For example, Hailimeida acquired 9 1.56% equity of Linkage Advantage for about 3.039 billion yuan, and Xinli Finance acquired Haike Rongtong for 2.379 billion yuan.
Fourth, summary.
As the central bank made it clear that it would not approve new institutions in principle for a period of time and gradually stepped up rectification efforts, the number of stock payment licenses continued to decrease, and the value of third-party payment licenses increased all the way. It has become normal for all kinds of giants to compete for high-priced third-party payment licenses. However, according to the 20 1 year "Quarterly Monitoring Report on the Integrated Payment Market of Third Party Payment in China 2065438+ 1", the total market share of Alipay, Tencent Finance and UnionPay reached 82.52% in 20 17/quarter, and the 2088 effect became more and more obvious and gradually formed.
;