1. Prepare the pot soil. Cordate telosma likes loose, well-drained acidic soil rich in organic matter. Pot soil is generally made of 3 parts of peat soil or humus soil, 2 parts of thick river mud and a small amount of farmyard manure. When potted, the bottom should be filled with granular broken bricks about 1/5 to facilitate drainage in the basin, and the upper part should be cultivated with prepared basin soil.
2. The right environment. Potted cordate telosma needs a well-ventilated environment, and it should be kept in the yard or balcony from the beginning of May to the end of September. Although it likes sunshine, it should avoid exposure to the hot sun at noon in summer.
3. Fertilize. During its growth period, liquid fertilizer should be applied every 18 days to15 days, and dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied every half month from late April, so as to ensure continuous flowering from mid-May. If you can apply high-efficiency humic acid liquid fertilizer such as Chunquan 883 or Huimanfeng, the effect will be better.
4. transfer water. Its summer is the peak season for growth. In addition to applying sufficient fertilizer, the pot soil must always be kept moist and watered twice a day if necessary. If it is a seedling, spray water 1 2 times a day.
5. Suitable temperature. It should be moved into the shed in the middle and late days of June 5438+ 10 every year, and the temperature in the shed should be kept at 8℃~ 12℃. If the temperature is lower than 5℃, the leaves will wither and fall off until they die.
6. Change pots. Changing pots should be done before leaving the room in early April in spring. When changing pots, we should remove some old soil and roots, replace them with new culture soil, cut again and promote new branches. Keep the soil moist after changing pots, but there should be no water in the pots. If the tender leaves droop slightly after changing pots, water them in time.
7. Adjust the shape of plants. In cultivation management, it is necessary to set up scaffolding, top plants in time, and promote multi-branching. After flowering, the remaining pedicels should be cut off in time and fertilizer should be added. After flowering, the dead branches and leaves and over-dense branches should be cut off, and the overgrowth should be shortened. 8. Pests and diseases.
Diseases: Coal pollution and ring rot often occur, and 500 times of 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder can be sprayed.
Insect pests: Aphids, scale insects and whiteflies are common hazards, which can be controlled with 50% chlorpyrifos EC 1000 times solution, Uranus, cypermethrin and chlorfenapyr, with good effect.
Pest control. At present, it is found that the pests that harm cordate telosma mainly include mites and crustaceans, and the diseases include Fusarium wilt. 800 times of anti-mite 23 EC and 2000 times of 73% propargite can be used to control mites. 600 ~ 800 times of 40% dimethoate emulsion can be used to control scale insects. Fusarium oxysporum liquid 600 ~ 800 times and 50% carbendazim liquid 600 times can be used to control Fusarium oxysporum. If withered plants are found, they should be removed in time, taken out of the garden for burning, and the soil around the diseased plants should be turned over and sprinkled with quicklime, and replanted after 1 month.
Planting method of hollyhock
1. Propagation method of hollyhock: hollyhock is usually propagated by sowing or by cutting. Branching and cutting are mostly used for the propagation of fine varieties.
Sow in spring or autumn. According to the number of seeds of hollyhock, you can sow them on the seedbed in the open field and then transplant them, or you can plant them directly in the open field without transplanting. Autumn sowing is mostly used in the south, and it is usually advisable to sow in the open seedbed in September, with neat germination. Spring sowing is the main method in the north. The seeds of hollyhock can be sown when they are mature, and normally the seeds can germinate in about 7 days. The germination ability of Abelmoschus manihot seeds can last for 4 years, but the seedling growth will decrease after 2 ~ 3 years of sowing. Direct seeding in the open field, if properly combined with transplanting in rainy days, can not only interplant seedlings, but also benefit from planting flowers for many years at a time.
The division of hollyhock is carried out in autumn. The clustered roots of perennial hollyhock are dug out in time, cut into several small clusters with a sharp knife, so that each cluster has two or three buds, and then planted separately. Strengthen water management slightly in spring.
Cut flowers can be cut in winter. The lateral branches germinated at the base of the old stem of hollyhock were used as cuttings, which were about 8 cm long and could be inserted into dry sand beds or pots. After insertion, cover it with plastic film and keep it moist, and place it in a cool place until it takes root. Before and after winter, electric heating wires should be laid under the bed to increase the ground temperature and accelerate the formation of new roots.
2. Cultivation and management of hollyhock;
Abelmoschus manihot likes cool climate, avoids summer frost, likes light, and is slightly resistant to shade; Suitable for deep, fertile and well-drained soil.
The cultivation and management of hollyhock is relatively simple. When the seedlings grow two or three real leaves, they should be transplanted once to increase the row spacing. Watering should be done in time after transplanting, combined with intertillage and weeding and topdressing before flowering 1 ~ 2 times, and the topdressing effect of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is the best. Seeding seedlings can be planted in June 11after transplanting1times. In the seedling growth period, liquid fertilizer is applied 2-3 times, mainly nitrogen fertilizer. At the same time, it is beneficial to plant growth to loosen the soil and weed frequently. When buds are formed in the axils of hollyhock leaves, topdressing 1 times of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. In order to prolong the flowering period, we should keep enough water. After flowering, the aboveground parts are cut off in time to sprout new buds. Potting should be done in early spring, leaving only one flower. Because the seeds of hollyhock are easy to scatter when they are ripe, they should be harvested in time. After 3-4 years of planting, plants are prone to aging and should be updated in time. In addition, hollyhock is easy to cross. In order to keep the purity of varieties, different varieties should keep a certain distance. Abelmoschus manihot is vulnerable to leaf roller moth, aphid and red spider. Old plants and dry weather are prone to rust, so it should be prevented in time.
Abelmoschus manihot-pest control
Old perennial hollyhock is easy to suffer from rust of hollyhock, the leaves of infected plants turn yellow or die, and brown powdery spores can be seen on the back of leaves. Spraying Bordeaux mixture on plants in spring or summer or disinfecting seeds before sowing can play a preventive role. At the initial stage, 15% triadimefon wettable powder 1000 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1000 to 1500 times, or 600 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, etc. It can be sprayed every 7 ~ 10 day for 2 ~ 2 days.
During the growing period, the red spider was damaged. In severe cases, 7000-9000 times of 1.8% avermectin EC should be sprayed. Or 2,500-3,000 times of 15% pyridaben EC has good control effect. Do not kill mites with dichlorvos, which will stimulate the reproduction of mites. Do not use pyrethroid pesticides, which are basically ineffective for mite control.
Sometimes, the cotton leaf roller can harm the leaves of Abelmoschus manihot. When it happens, you can spray 500-700 times of Bt wettable powder with the content of 16000IU/ mg, or 25% diflubenzuron suspension concentrate with the content of 1500-2000 times, or 20% Miman suspension concentrate with the content of 1500-2000 times.