Venue: Haiyuan County, Ningxia (36.5 degrees north latitude, 0/05.7 degrees east longitude)
Disaster: The magnitude is 8.5, causing more than 240,000 deaths and destroying four cities. It is called the "global earthquake".
The landslide left the living room two or three miles away from the mountain.
? /kloc-more than 0/00 people died in a cave, and more than 300 people were buried in the same grave.
? The dead were buried a hundred miles away, and the wounded wailed on the broken wall. The scene was terrible.
1920 12.26, an earthquake of magnitude 8.5 occurred in Haiyuan county at the junction of Gansu and Ningxia in northwest China. During the ten-minute frantic earthquake, it started from Guyuan in the east, passed through Xiji, Haiyuan and Jingning, and reached Jingtai in the west. Landslides, ground fissures, houses collapsed, mountains and rivers changed, and the land was robbed. The earthquake was felt in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Saigon, Vietnam. The intensity of the earthquake zone 12 degrees, Haiyuan, Guyuan, Jingning and Xiji counties were all destroyed. Except for a bell tower, all other buildings, cliff caves and arch caves in Haiyuan County collapsed, and residents were crushed under rubble and clods, killing and injuring nine times out of ten. Most of them were killed and almost all the villages were buried. The people in the earthquake-stricken areas "have no clothes, no food, no shelter, and the tragic situation of displacement is unbearable and unbearable;" Many people who suffer hardships rely on fire pits to keep warm, with thin clothes and nothing to do all day. They endure cold and strong winds, endure cold and hunger, sleep in the cold, crawl to help the wounded, cry everywhere, and they will freeze to death. " The bones of a large number of victims are scattered all over the field, and there are too many bodies to be buried. Within dozens of miles, people were cut off, and chickens and dogs disappeared. At that time, the Beiyang warlord * * did not take effective measures to rescue the disaster, and the victims did not cry, further aggravating the disaster, and nearly 240,000 people died. This unprecedented disaster shocked the world, and Haiyuan earthquake became a major earthquake that attracted worldwide attention. The recent Shangyi earthquake in Zhangbei also occurred in the severe winter, but with the support of the People's Liberation Army and the people of the whole country, no one was frozen to death or frostbite in the cold of MINUS 30-40 degrees Celsius, which is really a world of difference.
19201216 at 20: 06: 09, a rare earthquake of magnitude 8.5 occurred in Haiyuan, Ningxia, China, killing more than 240,000 people. It was called "global earthquake" in history.
In an instant, the sky thundered and thundered, like a horde whistling; The earth was completely out of control in the crazy shaking. In just ten minutes, more than 70 prosperous towns disappeared without a trace, and everything here was gone. ...
The energy released by the earthquake was particularly large, and the strong vibration lasted for more than ten minutes. The earthquake was recorded by 96 seismic stations in the world. In Tokyo, Japan, even seismographs with magnification only 12 times recorded seismic surface waves around the earth.
Haiyuan earthquake has a wide range and a rare history. According to relevant data, during the earthquake, Beijing "lights dizzy"; Shanghai "clock stops, hanging lights shake"; Guangzhou "Lost Plaster Tablets"; Shantou "passenger ship swaying"; Hong Kong "most people feel the earthquake"; It felt more than half of China, and even at the observatory near Haiphong, there was a phenomenon of "stopping the clock".
Haiyuan earthquake is equivalent to dropping 1200 Hiroshima atomic bombs in an instant! According to the investigation and analysis of seismologists later, the damage degree of this earthquake was even stronger than the magnitude of 8.5 confirmed at that time, because the macroscopic observation intensity of Haiyuan dry salt pond, which was the most seriously damaged, reached 12 degrees, and the aftershocks lasted for three years ... This is the biggest earthquake in China history and the most terrible earthquake in the world so far!
After Haiyuan was suddenly destroyed, the powerful shock wave did not seem to be completely released. A long seismic belt climbed the earth twice and a half times. The scope of the earthquake zone is unprecedented. It starts from Guyuan in the east, passes through Xiji, Haiyuan, Jingyuan and other counties, and reaches Jingtai County in the west. More than 20,000 square kilometers have almost become a no-man's land. Dozens of counties in central, eastern and southern Gansu were all swept away. In addition, eight provinces including Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Shanxi, Suiyuan, Qinghai, Sichuan and Yunnan also suffered large-scale disasters.
It was not until the second year after the earthquake that China released an explosive figure to the world: 234 1 17 people died, accounting for 56% of the total number of people in the disaster area. In Haiyuan County, the epicenter, 73,604 people died, accounting for more than two-thirds of the county's actual population. References:
From the internet
Where did the strongest 9.5-magnitude earthquake on record happen? 1960 Chile, with a magnitude of 9.5, is the highest earthquake on record.
In which country did the strongest earthquake on earth occur 1960? May 22nd 19: 00, 1 1. The earthquake in Chile, South America, was the largest, with a magnitude of 8.9. This is the biggest earthquake in the world since this century. The huge earthquake not only caused six volcanoes to erupt again, but also formed three new volcanoes.
Before the 7-day strong earthquake, some small earthquakes occurred frequently, and local residents were fully prepared. As soon as the earthquake wave arrived, residents flocked to the streets. The most terrible thing is that the tsunami triggered by the earthquake turned the river into the sea, causing huge wild waves to sweep across the Pacific Ocean at a speed of 850 kilometers per hour, and even Hawaii and Japan in the Pacific Ocean were overturned by the waves that drove straight in. 56 people died in Hawaii. There are 138 people missing in Japan, which is higher than the death toll of moderate earthquakes in Japan. In Chile, more than 5,700 people were killed and more than 50 million dollars were lost. After the disaster, tragic scenes abound. Huge fishing boats pressed on the roof, the lake disappeared, two hills disappeared and many places were razed to the ground. What is particularly tragic is that more than a month after the main earthquake, earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above occurred more than ten times, which is rare all over the world. The earthquake changed the landscape of Chile.
What is the magnitude of the most harmful earthquake in the history of China? What year did this happen? What was the biggest earthquake in the history of the world? So far, there is no conclusion. In human history, there have been many major earthquakes in the world: which one is the biggest? Due to the limitations of people's understanding, the evaluation criteria are inconsistent and the understanding is very inconsistent. Scientists agree that the biggest earthquake is 8.9. But what about the 8.9 earthquake? Opinions vary. Some people think that the earthquake that occurred in Chile 1960 in South America at 0: 00 on May 22nd was the largest, with a magnitude of 8.9. Others believe that the largest earthquake occurred in the waters near the Ecuador-Colombia border in South America on June 5438+0906 65438+1October 3/kloc-0, with a magnitude of 8.9. Some people think that the largest earthquake occurred in1March 3, 933 in the East China Sea of Japan, with a magnitude of 8.9. But there are also different views. 1933 Japan Sanlu earthquake, the Japanese themselves calculated that it was only 8.5. 1906 earthquakes in the waters near the border between Ecuador and Colombia are generally only 8.6. The Chile earthquake of 1960 was also assessed as 8.5 or 8.75, even as 8.3, and was classified as a general earthquake. It is worth pointing out that before and after the 1960 Chile earthquake, at least five major earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above occurred in a short period of one and a half days, three of which reached or exceeded magnitude 8. If the whole earthquake process is unified, the earthquake in Chile is large in scale and releases a lot of energy, which is a rare earthquake.
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The area with the lowest earthquake occurrence rate in the history of China is not the lowest. Several provinces in Central China and South China have slightly fewer earthquakes, such as Hunan, Jiangxi and Guizhou.
China is a country with severe earthquake disasters because of its high frequency, high intensity, shallow focal point and wide distribution. Since 1900, the number of earthquake deaths in China has reached 550,000, accounting for 53% of the global earthquake deaths; Since 1949, destructive earthquakes have occurred in 22 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) 100 times, including the eastern region 14 provinces, resulting in more than 270,000 deaths, accounting for 54% of all kinds of disaster deaths in China, with an earthquake-affected area of more than 300,000 square kilometers and 7 million houses collapsed. The severity of natural disasters such as earthquakes is one of the basic national conditions in China.
Statistics show that the land area of China accounts for one fifteenth of the global land area, that is, about 6%; The population of China accounts for about one-fifth of the global population, that is, about 20%, less than 20%. The land earthquakes in China account for one-third of the global land earthquakes, that is, about 33%, and the number of earthquake deaths in the world is more than 1/2. Of course, there are special reasons for this. First, China is densely populated and has a large population; China's economy is backward, and its houses are not strong, so it is easy to collapse and collapse. Third, it is closely related to the strong and frequent earthquake activity in China.
What dynasties are recorded in the history of China? Former Xia Yue, 2070- 1600, Xiayi Daojiu, Henan Yuzhou, Henan Luoyang, Shangyue, 1046,,, Xibo, Yindu, Henan Shangqiu, Henan Zhengzhou, Henan Luoyang, Henan Anyang, Western Zhou Dynasty, 1046- Qian. Luoyang, Henan 770-256 weeks ago Luoyang, Henan 22 1-206 Qin before xianyang, Shaanxi 202- 8 AD Changan Shaanxi xi 'an Hanxin 8-23 Changan Shaanxi Xi 'an Anxin Eastern Han 25-220 Luoyang Henan Luoyang Cao Wei 220-265 Luoyang Henan Luoyang Three Kingdoms Shu Han 22 1-263 Chengdu Sichuan Cheng. Du 222-280 Jianye Jiangsu Nanjing Xijin 265-3 16 Luoyang Henan Luoyang 3 17-420 Jiankang Jiangsu Nanjing Sixteen Countries 304-439- Song 420-479 Jiankang Jiangsu Nanjing Southern Dynasty Qi 479-502 Jiankang Jiangsu Nanjing Liang 502-557 Jiankang Jiangsu Nanjing Chen 557-557 Nanjing Northern Wei 386-534 Pingcheng Luoyang Shanxi Datong Henan Luoyang Northern Wei 534-550 Ye Hebei Linzhang Northern Qi 550-577 Ye Hebei Linzhang Western Wei 535-557 Chang 'an Shaanxi xi 'an Northern Zhou 557-58 1 KLOC-0/8 Daxing Du Dongdong Beijing. 8-690 Borders Kaifeng, Henan, Ten Kingdoms, 902-979 —— Northern Song Dynasty, 960-1/Bianjing, Tokyo, Kaifeng, Bianliang, Henan11279 Lin 'an. (As the capital) Xixia and Ning 38+011234 Huining Nanjing Heilongjiang Acheng Henan Kaifeng Yuan 127 1- 1368 Metropolis Beijing Ming1. 8+0 1 Shengjing Shi Jing Shenyang Beijing Republic of China 19 12- 1949 was founded in Luoyang, the capital of Nanjing Anti-Japanese War, with Chongqing, Jiangsu, Nanjing, Henan, Luoyang, Chongqing, China and China 1 94910 June/KLOC.
The strongest earthquake happened there, and there are several levels in China. How to prevent it? The losses caused by earthquakes are much greater than those caused by fires and floods, which often paralyze the whole city. A big earthquake can turn the whole city into ruins in an instant. Therefore, in the event of a strong earthquake, it is difficult to get immediate rescue. The casualties in the earthquake were mainly caused by fires and house collapses caused by the earthquake. Prevent earthquakes. The most effective way to avoid earthquake disasters is to rely on yourself and prepare for disaster prevention with your own strength. The average family has food and drinking water, and the average amount stored for 5 days per person is better. In addition, prepare some disaster prevention supplies, such as disaster prevention headscarves, flashlights, first-aid medicines, candles, transistor radios, etc. And some escape appliances, such as blankets, mobile cookers, solid fuels, etc. Because houses are not plentiful, people always make the best use of space (such as sheds, shelves, shelves). However, due to the vibration of the earthquake, the heavy objects placed on the shelf are easy to fall off. So usually think more about the placement of things. It is difficult for people to adapt to the darkness, not only invisible, but also increasing psychological pressure. It is not surprising that the earthquake caused power failure. Even in your own room, it is difficult to tell the difference between east and west, north and south in the dark, so you won't have much fear when you carry a flashlight with you. After the earthquake, TV was cut off, telephones were blocked, newspapers stopped publishing, and information sources were completely cut off. At this time, only small radios can get a steady stream of important information in order to better cope with the changing situation. After the earthquake subsided, the first thing that puzzled me was drinking water. On this occasion, it is common for waterways to be cut off from water. There are few wells in the city, so we should prepare some emergency drinking water before going to bed every night without knowing when the earthquake will happen. Considering the chaos after the earthquake, it is necessary to prepare three months' cash expenditure. Because after the earthquake, banks, post offices and other places often can not get money. People always like to hide first-aid appliances in a corner or an inconspicuous place. However, these things are indispensable in the earthquake. Therefore, they are usually kept in a fixed and easily accessible place. During the earthquake, wearing high heels is harmful to asylum, but not beneficial. Wear or store fast and durable flat-heeled cotton shoes or sports shoes at ordinary times. Slippers and sandals are not suitable, and high heels are definitely not easy to escape. The earthquake came suddenly and caught people off guard. When the earthquake starts, if you are in the house, don't try to rush out of the house, which will probably kill you. The expedient is to hide under a solid bed or table. If you don't have solid furniture, you should stand at the door. The door frame has some protection. Stay away from the window, because the window glass may break. If you are outdoors, don't go near buildings, trees, telephone poles or any other tall buildings that may collapse. Try to stay away from tall buildings and run to empty places. In order to avoid losing your balance in the earthquake, you should lie on the ground. If there is no open space nearby, shelter from the rain at the door for the time being. Don't hide in underground caves, tunnels or tunnels, because the rubble generated by the earthquake will fill or block the exit. Unless they are very strong, things like tunnels will collapse themselves. In an earthquake, the wooden house tends to tilt, and the door won't open, so you will lose your life. Therefore, whether you can't get out or not, it is wise to open the door first. In the event of a big earthquake, things and books on the shelves may fall off. At this time, protecting the head is extremely important. In case of emergency, you can cover your head with cotton pads, blankets, pillows and other things around you to avoid injury. Even if there is an earthquake in midsummer, it is indecent to escape from the room naked. The naked body is easily hurt by sparks, glass and metal fragments flying around. Therefore, when going out for refuge, you should try to wear thick cotton-padded clothes and cotton shoes and socks to avoid wearing chemical fiber products that are easy to catch fire. If you encounter an earthquake in the hospital, getting under the bed is the best strategy. This can prevent objects from falling from the skylight or overhead and being injured. Don't run on the road when there is an earthquake. At this time, there are flying signs, doors and windows everywhere. So it's best to wear a helmet or something in a dangerous situation at this time. During an earthquake, the bridge will also collapse and fall into the river. It is very dangerous to stop on the bridge or hide under it at this time. Therefore, if you encounter an earthquake on the bridge, you should leave the bridge quickly. Sometimes there will be a big earthquake under the sea, and then there will be a tsunami. The waves will rise sharply, and ships near the shore are very dangerous. At this time, it is best to leave the beach quickly and stay away from the high seas, which is safe. When there is an earthquake in a public place, people inside will be crowded with panic. This is because frightened people can't find an escape. What is needed at this time is to be calm, calm down and find the exit, and don't run around.
In which dynasty did the worst earthquake in the history of China occur? Jiajing period of Ming dynasty
On October 23rd, A.D.1556 65438+/KLOC-0 (thirty-four years of Ming Jiajing), an earthquake of magnitude 8 occurred in Guanzhong, Shaanxi, China, which affected 2 1 1 counties in 7 provinces, and some counties were completely occupied, with 830,000 deaths. This is the largest earthquake record in China and the world.
According to historical records, the earthquakes in Huaxian, Weinan and Huayin counties are the most serious, so it is called Huaxian earthquake. The description of this earthquake in the historical records in the Catalogue of Earthquakes in China is summarized as follows: "At the turn of Qin Jin, the earth suddenly shook for thousands of miles, the Sichuan plain cracked, the suburban market moved, or it was trapped as a hill, or it was trapped as a ditch, the mountains rang and the valleys rang, and the water surged into Sha Yi. City walls, temples, government offices and houses were destroyed, accounting for half of them. The soldiers and civilians were killed, and there were 830,000 famous people and countless nameless people. " This earthquake is a typical intraplate earthquake with a long repetition period. Geologically, Weihe basin is characterized by the northern foot fault of Qinling Mountains in the south, Fengxiang-Chengcheng fault in the north and Weihe fault basin in the middle. The vertical movement of the crust here is very strong, and there is a geological background of a major earthquake.
Where did the biggest earthquake in the history of China occur in the thirty-four years of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty? 1555 65438+1October 23rd? At night, strong earthquakes struck Weinan and Zhou Pu in Shaanxi, killing more than 830,000 people. This earthquake is the largest one with clear written records in the history of China.
It was found that the largest earthquake that ever happened in China was 8.5, and there were three earthquakes in China. They are: 1668 Tancheng earthquake in Juxian county, Shandong province; 1920 Haiyuan earthquake in Ningxia; 1950 chayu earthquake in tibet. Among them, can there be another "short man pulls up the big one", and who is the "leader"? From the order of magnitude, "powerlessness" is the first. But in terms of intensity (degree of earthquake damage), it is "promising": Haiyuan earthquake is the most destructive earthquake! The earthquake occurred at 7 pm on February 1920. The epicenter was located at 36 5' north latitude and105 7' east longitude. Haiyuan county in the earthquake zone "all the houses in the city were razed to the ground, and nine times out of ten people were killed or injured", "thunder bursts and strong winds blew away the temple houses on the top of the mountain" and "the mountains and rivers collapsed and changed". More than 246,000 people were crushed to death by loess landslides and cave collapses, and later died of injuries, severe cold, hunger and plague.
Where did the recorded earthquake of magnitude 9.4 occur? Great Chile an earthquake1May 2, 96013 pm, an earthquake measuring 9.5 on the Richter scale occurred in Valdivia province, Chile, with a focal depth of 33 kilometers.