The main purpose of this practice: Production practice is an important practical link in the teaching plan of engineering management specialty. It is a process in which students go to relevant enterprises to verify, enrich, consolidate and improve after studying basic courses and before studying professional courses, and it is also a preview for taking part in work. I plan to complete my production practice in a supervision company in Cangzhou. The internship unit is Bohai Supervision Co., Ltd., located at No.65, Xihuan Middle Street, Yunhe District, Cangzhou City, which mainly undertakes the supervision of Class II and III housing construction projects and Class II and III municipal public works.
Last year, I worked as an intern in this company for more than one month in advance. With the careful help of Guo Chunqi Guo Gong, director of Yihe Plaza (both vice presidents of Cangzhou Design Institute) and Wang Gong, technical director (former chief engineer of Cangzhou An), I participated in the management of this unit as an assistant director this year. The planned operation time is from August 6th to September 6th, 2007. The internship period is divided into three stages.
1. stage: be familiar with the unit or site, the construction drawing and construction organization design documents of the unit project, and make personal internship plan under the guidance of the foreman or technician in combination with the actual situation of the project. The contents of the internship plan can include: understanding the general situation of the project, learning the relevant theories and knowledge of project management, participating in the actual work of the project, and conducting special investigations.
2. Internship stage: in-depth internship in construction technology and management, participation in technical or management work or labor, accumulation of first-hand information, special investigation and research, etc.
3. And the assessment stage: sort out and summarize the internship harvest, write the production management internship report, leave the internship unit and go back to school to prepare the defense.
Second, the project overview
Owner: Sudong Real Estate Development Company
Owner: Zhongtian Construction Co., Ltd.
Design unit: Cangzhou Jingcheng Architectural Design Company
Supervision unit: Bohai Supervision Co., Ltd.
In my supervision office, there are 1 chief supervision engineer, 1 civil supervision engineer, 1 civil supervision, 1 hydropower supervision. Civil engineers are responsible for copywriting, printing notices, etc.
General situation of architectural design: The main building of this project has 1 1 floor above ground, and the podium has two floors above ground, with a building area of 19986㎡ and a building area of 3784㎡. The height of the main building is 42.30m, and the main building has 1 1 floor, of which the first and second floors are included. The building height is 9.6m, the building length is 103.90m, and the width is 36.40m The A-D axis is the main building and the D-F axis is the podium. The first floor of the main building and the skirt building are both commercial outlets, the second floor is the office space for the lower storefronts, and the third floor is the office space.
Building classification: Class I high-rise roof waterproof grade: Class II seismic fortification intensity: 7 degrees.
Building structure form: frame shear wall structure building foundation form: ribbed beam raft foundation
Cushion is C 10 concrete, bearing platform is C30 concrete, the concrete of frame column from the top to the fourth floor of the main building foundation is C40, the concrete of podium foundation, frame column, frame column above the fourth floor of the main building, shear wall, beam slab and cast-in-place stairs is C30, and the rest concrete members are C25. The reinforcing bars are HPB235 grade reinforcing bars, HRB335 grade reinforcing bars and HRR400 grade reinforcing bars. Masonry: MU 10 ordinary clay brick is used as the soil, and M5 cement mortar is used for masonry.
Total construction period and schedule: the planned commencement date of this project is July 20th, 2007, and the completion date is June 20th, 2008 +20081October 20th. The construction period target is 457 calendar days.
Third, the internship content
During the internship, I contacted a lot of professional knowledge, made a lot of internship records, and learned some new construction technologies. My internship position is a professional supervisor of civil engineering. After understanding the basic construction technology, I must also understand the norms of construction quality, what level is qualified and what is unqualified, and I must memorize it.
The following are the main contents of my internship:
1. during the internship, the most contact is steel bars. Beams, slabs, columns and shear walls are all cast-in-place, and the arrangement of steel bars is of course the most important, so the inspection of steel bars is particularly important. When I arrived at the construction site, the foundation project had been basically completed and the main project was under construction. Basically, the main job every day is to check the steel bars such as beams and plates. Such as stressed steel bars, erection steel bars, structural steel bars, stirrups, negative bending moment steel bars, distributed steel bars, etc. Only then can we really understand the role of these steel bars in the construction site. It provides a good perceptual knowledge for future study. The specific content will be introduced in detail in the special report.
2. Template engineering
The foundation pile caps of this project are mainly assembled with wooden formwork, supplemented by steel formwork. Technical disclosure shall be made to the team before construction, so that the construction personnel can fully understand the construction technology and key points, and make clear the quality requirements and time limit control objectives.
The following is the technological process of formwork dismantling that I learned from the person in charge of formwork engineering:
Design template drawings → template assembly → brush release agent → play template position control line (500 mm)→ stay away from the template) → clean up the sundries in the mold → double-track wall → level or lay rubber strips → after steel bars, pipes, boxes and holes are embedded and concealed, support the outer template, install through-wall bolts, support the inner template, support inclined steel pipes, adjust the steel bar template, preview and sign the template, and concrete pouring, maintenance and testing.
3. Concrete engineering
This project requires high concrete strength grade, so pumping concrete is adopted. Choose a concrete pump, the horizontal pipe is laid to the pouring site, and the end is equipped with a distributor to expand the pouring range and leave no dead ends.
Pouring and vibrating of concrete: The formwork and its supports, steel bars and embedded parts can be poured only after they meet the design requirements. Before pouring concrete, the accumulated water, dirt, iron filings and other sundries in the formwork and the oil stain on the steel bar should be cleaned up, the cracks and holes in the formwork should be blocked in advance, and the wooden formwork should be watered and wet, but there should be no accumulated water. When pouring continuously, it is necessary to avoid excessive water accumulation in the concrete, so as not to affect the strength requirements. At the pouring mouth, measure the slump every 3 hours, and make records, and adjust it in time when problems are found.
In order to ensure the quality of pumped concrete, it is necessary to assign special personnel to track and supervise the quality of concrete used. When pouring, there should be a supervisor standing by.
The poured concrete will not be trampled by the master. When the concrete strength reaches 1.2Mpa, the captain is allowed to carry out construction work. In winter construction, when covered with poured concrete, scaffolding should be laid and operated on. The poured concrete shall be covered and watered within 12 hours, and the general concrete curing shall be no less than 7 days. For concrete mixed with additives, it should not be less than 14 days, and the watering times should be able to keep the concrete in a wet state, and the curing water is the same as the mixing water. In winter construction, watering is not allowed, but insulation measures are needed.
In order to speed up the construction progress and arrange the concrete construction time reasonably, concrete is usually poured in the afternoon or evening, so I still don't know much about concrete construction during this internship. I will pay more attention to this aspect in my future study and work.
4. Scaffolding engineering
The outer frame of this project adopts double-row fastener-type steel pipe landing scaffold, which is mainly used for safety protection and operation platform in the structure and decoration stage.
The erection sequence is as follows: preparation for erection → foundation treatment → installation of longitudinal sweeping bars → erection of vertical bars one by one (with supporting cross bars under the vertical bars), and then fastening with longitudinal sweeping bars → installation of horizontal sweeping bars and fastening with vertical bars or longitudinal sweeping bars → installation of first-step cross bars → installation of first-step cross bars → second-step cross bars → third-step cross bars → addition of temporary throwing supports (fastening of upper ends with second-step cross bars).
The demolition sequence is: safety net → protective railing → skirting board → scaffold board → small bar → big bar → upright post → longitudinal support.
Fourth, the special report
Reinforcement engineering is the most important part of the whole project.
Reinforced concrete, like the skeleton reinforcement in the human body, plays a role in supporting the whole building and ensuring the integrity and stability of the building, so the processing and binding of reinforcement is particularly important.
There are several ways to connect steel bars: binding connection, welding connection and mechanical connection. Binding connection is still one of the main means of steel bar connection at present. When binding connection is adopted, its position and lap length must comply with the Code for Design of Concrete Structures (GB50204-2002), and binding joints shall not be adopted for longitudinal stress reinforcement of axial tension and small eccentric tension members. 20 ~ 22 fire wires or galvanized wires shall be used for the binding joints of steel bars, and they shall be bound together according to the minimum length of overlapping steel bars in the specification. In this project, the connection of plate reinforcement usually adopts binding. According to the concrete design code, welded joints should be preferred for steel joints. The welding quality of welded joints is related to the weldability of steel bars and welding technology. Welding is divided into flash butt welding, arc welding and electroslag pressure welding. Among them, flash butt welding and electroslag pressure welding are commonly used welding methods in engineering. In this project, beams and columns must be mechanically connected due to the three-level reinforcement. Mechanical connection is superior to welding in quality, but it is at a disadvantage in cost and the cost is higher.
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