After Yu's death, Qi conquered Boyi by force, defeated him and succeeded to the throne, becoming the first person in the history of China to change from abdication to hereditary system. From then on, the primitive society ended and the slave society began. Traditionally, Qi was regarded as the first emperor of China. Give up Yangzhai, move west to Daxia (now Fenhui Valley) and establish Anyi (west of the county this summer). After that, through the battle of Gansu, the powerful Hu family was defeated and the opposition forces within the Huaxia nationality were eliminated. In the later period of his reign, there was a rebellion in Wuguan and even political turmoil. He struggled all his life, eventually died of illness and was buried near Anyi.
Boyi
According to legend, Yu should pass on the throne according to the abdication system and die early, so he decided to pass on the throne to his son Boyi. "Historical Records" records: "Yu Zi enlightened the saints and made the world interesting. And collapse in, although the interests, shallow interests, out of touch with the world. So the governors all went to benefit and began to pray, saying,' My emperor is also the son of Yu'. Therefore, Mike Sui is the son of heaven and is for the emperor Xia Hou. "
After Yu's death, he abdicated in accordance with the practice of Yao and Shun's abdication, and made Boyi a monarch. As a result, the governors also left Boyi's base area for Kai's base area, and the officials and people also supported Kai, so Kai acceded to the throne. When Wu Zetian changed her name, she made a statue and became the emperor of Qi Sheng.
After Shun, the kingship was further strengthened. According to legend, when Shan joined the League, "all nations hold jade and silk", "the monarch of the princes took the record, and the monarch of the wind followed, and I cut it". This heaped-up mountain is Sanheaped-up mountain in Songxian County, Henan Province, that is, Huiji Mountain, near the Xia People's Activity Center. It can be seen that after two generations of management, Xia Houshi has formed a powerful force, which laid the foundation for the establishment of the Xia Dynasty. With the emergence of kingship, the organs of clan system were partially reformed and abandoned, leaving only the form of successor leader approved by parliament. From Guishun to Yu Yu, it is in the era of great social development, and all kinds of talents come forth in large numbers. Hao Tao, who was in charge of five punishments and prison affairs at that time, was first promoted as Yu Yu's successor. He died first, and the parliament of the tribal alliance elected Yi, namely Boyi. () He is a descendant of Zhuan Xu and Shao Dianshi (also known as Fei Da) and has a certain blood relationship with Hao Tao. He helped Yu Yuping level the soil and water, and was highly valued by Guishun for his meritorious service. He was appointed as a "dangerous man" in charge of mountains and rivers and trained birds and animals. In ancient literature, there is a saying that "benefiting the danger and governing the mountains and rivers", and some scholars believe that his contribution is the first animal husbandry. Therefore, according to the traditional custom, Yan Qi, as the son of the leader, was given priority when discussing the successor in the Council, but his achievements and fame could not match Iraq, and Iraq naturally became the legal heir recognized by the Council.
Xia Qi and the Battle of Boyi
However, in the era of interests and enlightenment, traditional customs have been replaced by new values. After Yu's death, Qi immediately launched an attack on his legitimate successor and seized the position of leader. About the course of this struggle, it is recorded: "When the foreigners were replaced, they were arrested and banned, and then they were killed to inherit from Sri Lanka"; Or "the death of ancient jade, spread to the world for profit, enlightened people, stand because of attack"; There is also a saying that "it is beneficial to give benefits, but to be old with enlightenment as a set, and to be enlightened is not enough to serve the world, but also beneficial." Kai and the support party attacked the world for the benefit of the world, which made Kai take it. " In a word, the struggle was fierce. After many twists and turns, Qi Qi, who was "rebellious", was once at a disadvantage and even detained. Finally, due to the management and cultivation of Yu Yu, Xia Houshi has a deeper foundation and stronger strength. With the support of his supporters, he joined forces with his supporters to wage war against Iraq, eventually killing Iraq and giving Qi the power of leader.
The Jiangxi War with the Hu Family
After Qi took the leadership position, he held an alliance meeting in Yuxian County, Henan Province today, informing the tribes within the alliance and the nearby chiefs to win supporters in order to establish their own rule. This is Xia Qi's literary enjoyment. However, Qi Xian's usurpation of traditional customs caused dissatisfaction among some tribes, especially those powerful tribal leaders who coveted the highest position in the alliance, represented by the Youhu family, publicly expressed their disobedience to Qi Xian and became the new leader, which led to a willing fight against the Youhu family.
Youhu was a powerful tribe or chiefdom at that time. Legend has it that when you were in danger, there was a war of "attack and hegemony" and "example". Before the war, Xian Yu said in his oath: "In Japan and China, I fought with your Hu family for one day, and your doctor who wants to be a scholar from other places will be * * *." Claiming to fight to the death with the Hu family, flaunting that he is not greedy for the land, people and goods of the Hu family, but punishing them for doing justice. He added: "I used to fight with the Hu family, but I refused to accept it three times, so I taught for one year and the Hu family asked him to take it." These legends all reflect that the struggle with Hu is a power struggle. You Hu family, because of its great power, wants to usurp the kingship of the consortium and start a struggle. Therefore, Yu Yu attacked Youhu, combined the means of war with the means of strengthening politics and religion, and finally defeated the Youhu family. In a sense, it is the continuation of Yu's active cutting.
The battle between Gan and Hu was a meeting of two big families, so it was very fierce. However, there are not many written historical materials left, mainly a battle mobilization order "Shangshu Shi Gan" written by Yan Qi. The full text is: "The battle against Gansu is called the Six Qing Dynasties. Wang said: Oh! People who have done six things swear to tell you that Hu Shi threatened the five elements, neglected the three rectifications, and died with heaven. Today, I will be punished for being respectful. If you don't attack the left, you don't respect you; If rights don't attack rights, you just don't respect them; Resistance is wrong and disrespectful. Repay ancestors with life; You don't have to die, you are in society. "
The Jiangxi War with the Hu Family
The first paragraph of the article introduces the background, that is, before the war in Gansu, we called around senior officials to affirm the oath of discipline Covenant. In the past, the interpretation of "Liu Qing" was mostly regarded as the general of the six armies. In fact, "Liu Qing" and "Six Armies" both appeared after the Zhou Dynasty, and when they were written, they were all borrowed from later generations, all referring to the "people who did six things" immediately below. In ancient Chinese characters, events and history are the same word, and what the Shang kings in Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty called "My History", "My History", "Eastern History" and "Western History" often took part in battles, so it is easy to understand that Xia Hou summoned "people with six events" to convey the war covenant. The second paragraph is the full text of the oath. First of all, it is announced that the accusation against the family of tourists is "ignoring the three righteousness with five elements", which means accusing the enemy of disrespecting the celestial phenomena and ministers, causing widespread indignation and resentment, so cutting tourists is a punishment for the heavens. Secondly, declare military discipline, order subordinates to obey orders, be loyal to their duties and fight hard. It is also announced that those who obey orders will be rewarded in the ancestral temple, and those who violate orders will be executed in front of the social altar. Compared with Yu Shi written by Sanmiao, it can be seen that the authority of the Chief Executive in the early Qing Dynasty is incomparable in previous historical times.
According to legend, at the beginning of the year, "I fought against Hu in Ganze, but failed to win", and summed up the reasons why "my land is not shallow, there are not many people, so I can't win the battle because of my poor morality and poor teaching", so I made great efforts to govern, and "I will respect the sages for a long time and be served by Hu in the future". It can be seen that it is not easy to win the battle of Gansu and "destroy the Hu family and make the world salty"
Posterity evaluation
It is widely expected that Kai inherited the destiny, praised Dayu's way and successfully realized the transformation from abdication to inheritance. Kay is undoubtedly a wise monarch who valued Xiu De in history. -Xu Fengshen.
Since Qi Xian established the Xia Dynasty, he gradually abandoned the frugal tradition of being virtuous and foolish, indulged in "lewd pleasure" without scruple, tried to make concerted efforts, "drinking too much and swimming too much".
Since then, the hereditary system has replaced the abdication system, and the "public world" has become the "home world".