Urban modernization is the inevitable requirement and new development stage of urbanization; Urban modernization reflects and demands the process of improving the quality of urban development; Urban modernization is a collection of efficient urban economy, civilized urban society, high-quality urban environment and scientific urban management (that is, urban economic modernization, urban social modernization, urban environmental quality modernization and urban management modernization); The important material condition of urban modernization is urban construction under the guidance of scientific planning.
Second, the index system of urban modernization
It is a current disadvantage to attach importance only to quantitative indicators and ignore quality indicators. Urban modernization index fills the gap in guiding the urbanization process, so it is very important. The index system of urban modernization should be the following three complementary aspects.
(A) the target index system
That is, the index system of "modernization standard" which is widely studied now; The index system of "urban modernization standard" in each city is also the embodiment of the goal, which is similar, but similar. If we admit that "management modernization" is also one of the important contents of urban modernization, then we should add this indicator. There is a saying in the west called "government productivity". It may be helpful to add indicators such as "per capita output of urban government civil servants (urban GDP)" or "urban government cost (administrative expenses) income (urban GDP)".
(B) process index system
Urban modernization is a historical process, which cannot be accomplished overnight. In order to guide the balanced development of practice, it is also necessary to divide the target indicators into stages for stage inspection. Therefore, the annual growth rate index corresponding to the target index should be put forward; The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward the grand goal of quadrupling the gross national product and building a well-off society in an all-round way by 2020. At that time, there should be a specific statement and requirement on the level of urban modernization. At present, some cities are only keen on "realizing ahead of schedule", but the coordination between research process and quantitative indicators of urbanization is not necessarily appropriate.
(3) State index system
The essence of urban modernization index is a quality index, which reflects the development of a city. Generally a range value. For example, people's blood pressure has a range of values, and the upper and lower limits change with age. At present, although the designers of some indicators listed by us have put forward some upper or lower limits respectively, they are extremely incomplete, unsystematic and lack of dynamic analysis, and the research in this area needs to be deepened and broadened.
Third, the road to urban modernization.
The index system representing the goal, process and state of urban development is important, but how to achieve the expected goal, process and state may be more important. We put forward the question of "the road to urbanization in China" and debated it for many years. It seems that it is time to put forward the question of "China's urban modernization road" and start a debate. I think, in a word, the road of China's urban modernization should be "knowledge economy-urban construction-green revolution".
(A) vigorously develop the knowledge economy
First of all, we should vigorously develop knowledge industries-education industry, scientific research and development industry, information consulting industry and high-tech industry. In my opinion, the development speed of various industries should be arranged in this order, so the education industry ranks first, otherwise it is short-sighted or eager for quick success.
Secondly, we should vigorously promote information engineering-e-commerce, e-government, e-civil affairs. It is time to put forward the task of promoting e-government projects, including popularizing the Internet among residents; Strengthen information services on residents' safety, employment and medical insurance; Improve, develop and improve the existing series of services such as 1 10,12, 123 15, 123 19.
Finally, it is necessary to put forward the test indicators of the development process of knowledge economy-comprehensive index of informatization, contribution rate of scientific and technological progress and proportion of knowledge industry. These three indicators are very important and apply to all cities. It is important to examine your "progress" every year, whether it has improved on the original basis. Still flat? Or regress? Unfortunately, our statistics in this field are very backward.
(2) Continuously improve the level of urban construction.
First of all, sublimate the concept-create a pleasant quality environment for life, work and development. Two key words: one is "pleasant", that is, people-oriented, serving the people and meeting the needs of people's life, work and development; First, the "quality environment" should really green, beautify, purify and quiet our city.
Secondly, the target choice-modern garden city. At present, there are many formulations about urban construction goals, such as "mountain city", "ecological city" and "healthy city". These expressions complement each other, there is no right or wrong, but there is a difference between work and stupidity. Considering the national conditions, market conditions and operability of China, the formulation of "Garden City" is the most appropriate and has the most practical application value. The reason for this is the following：
1. Garden city is an excellent heritage of China architectural culture;
2. Garden city is the only way to be an eco-city;
3. Garden city is the material condition to realize the integration of urban and rural areas;
4. Garden city is a realistic choice for human beings to return to nature.
Finally, image description: I think in addition to qualitative and quantitative analysis, we need to directly observe the specific image of things, and the two are irreplaceable. As a supplement and extension of the urban modernization index system, I put forward the concrete image of the modern city that I yearn for in my mind, which is described as follows:
Bird's-eye view of the city: mountains and rivers depend on each other, the forest is lush and the grass is lush; The city walls are faint, and the cars and boats are lingering.
Community landscape: flowers and birds, small bridges and flowing water; Terraces are patchy and decorated with novelty.
The new look of the market: colorful and dazzling; Trees are shaded, laughing and singing.
(C) actively promote the urban green revolution
The concept of green revolution generally refers to environmental greening, pollution-free, high harmony between man and nature and sustainable social development. Urban modernization should focus on the following three aspects of "greening":
1. Green GDP
It should be emphasized that the growth of nominal GDP at the expense of the environment is one of the potential crises of social development; In China's nominal GDP, it was initially estimated that there was 5-8% ecological environment loss, and later it was estimated that this figure might account for about 25%; Recently, someone calculated "at least 100%". Whether these data are accurate or not, it is an acknowledged fact that the ecological damage in China is serious. Therefore, the measurement and detection of green GDP is imperative; However, the whole country needs to make up its mind, which is not a problem that the city itself can solve.
2. Green life
Including the following contents: each household has enough affordable housing; Comfortable and convenient, no indoor and outdoor pollution, beautiful environment; Safety and welfare are guaranteed, and there are no social and natural hidden dangers; Harmonious interpersonal relationship, a sense of belonging and affinity to the city.
3. Green building
Including the following contents: the construction project does not destroy the natural ecology and is conducive to environmental optimization; Building materials are pollution-free, with good heat insulation, sound insulation and moisture resistance; Economical architectural design and construction, energy saving and good lighting; Indoor layout and decoration are scientific, advanced, pleasant and pollution-free.
Urban modernization is closely related to the green revolution, so it is necessary to consider establishing a comprehensive green index system.