Sponge facilities in urban road system should aim at controlling non-point source pollution and reducing surface runoff, and should be coordinated with special planning and design of urban traffic, landscape, waterlogging prevention and environmental protection, and fully consider factors such as road function, safety and landscape requirements.
The green isolation belt and green belt on both sides of the newly-built road should adopt various forms such as sunken green space, biological detention pond and grass planting ditch according to local conditions. Road rainwater can be introduced into the green belt by setting open kerbs and discontinuous kerbs without setting kerbs, so as to increase the sponge function of road green rainwater. Non-motor vehicle lanes, sidewalks, squares and parking lots of new urban roads should promote the use of permeable foundations to increase water permeability.
City squares should adopt sunken structures or supporting rainwater storage facilities according to local conditions to minimize rainwater runoff and collect and reuse it appropriately. According to the requirements of sponge city construction, the existing roads and squares will be sponge-transformed in a planned way.
(2) Parks and green spaces
Urban park green space should be combined with surrounding water system, roads and municipal facilities. , the overall vertical design. While absorbing its own rainwater runoff, park green space should provide rainwater detention and slow release space for surrounding areas as much as possible. In the rainstorm-prone period, urban rainstorm drainage channels can be formed with the help of green space system when necessary.
Combined with the layout and ecological landscape of the park, micro-wetlands, rain gardens, sunken green spaces, grass ditches, dry streams and other forms are adopted according to local conditions to enhance the rainwater storage capacity of the park itself and surrounding areas. Hard pavement, walking system, parking lot, etc. Permeable materials should be used in the park green space to improve the rainwater interception and purification ability of the park green space. Street green space should combine the functions of urban landscape, sightseeing and rest, adopt low-impact development technical measures, optimize rainwater runoff path, enhance flood storage and discharge capacity, and purify non-point source pollution. We should cultivate and store more aquatic plants and water-resistant plants that are suitable for local growth and have good ecological and landscape benefits in urban parks, and make use of unconventional water resources such as rainwater and reclaimed water as much as possible to meet our own water demand. .
(3) Buildings and residential areas
All kinds of buildings and residential projects should achieve the annual total runoff control rate target stipulated by national and local green building standards through comprehensive measures. The relevant guidelines for green buildings in our city should strengthen the scoring of relevant requirements of sponge city and list it as a mandatory option.
According to the local conditions in Shenzhen, green roofs, permeable pavements, green land subsidence (rain garden, sunken green land, vegetation grass ditch, etc. ), can also be used in the form of impervious site rainwater runoff. In the early stage of planning and design of buildings and residential areas, we can refer to the control requirements of the built demonstration projects in Guangming New District on the settlement rate of green space, the coverage rate of green roofs, the permeable paving rate and the control rate of rainwater runoff on the impervious underlying surface, and initially lay out various facilities, and then optimize them in combination with architecture, gardens and other majors. If necessary, we should use hydrological models to review and optimize the final layout.
Buildings and communities with rainwater collection and reuse conditions should be optimized according to the use, dosage, collection scope and water quality of rainwater, and the scale of rainwater collection and reuse should be reasonably determined.
(4) Old reform projects
The comprehensive renovation of old projects should be combined with the landscape renovation along roads or the construction of parks and small gardens, and relevant sponge facilities should be added, such as rain gardens, sunken green spaces, permeable pavements and ecological tree pools. Combined with the sewage interception project, ecological measures such as ecological ponds and constructed wetlands are adopted to adjust and reduce rainfall in areas outside the village where conditions permit. Through the sponge transformation of the old reform project, we will strive to eliminate the problem of urban waterlogging caused by insufficient drainage facilities and improve the living environment of the people.
Demolition and reconstruction of old projects should be carried out in strict accordance with the relevant requirements of new projects in sponge city.
(5) Water conservancy projects
Strictly implement the spatial control of existing "sponges" in cities such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, wetlands, ditches and flood storage areas, and handle the connection between urban flood control and drainage systems and various measures for sponge city construction. We will promote the ecological management of urban rivers and lakes, try our best to maintain the natural form of rivers, restore the ecological functions of beaches and waterfront areas, and rationally set up ecological restoration measures such as artificial wetlands and ecological floating islands to give full play to their functions of natural infiltration, water conservation and water purification. Take measures such as source control and pollution interception, garbage cleaning, dredging, ecological restoration, etc., intensify the treatment of urban black and odorous water bodies, and improve the water quality compliance rate of surface water bodies.
Strengthen the construction of emergency standby water sources, improve the water source allocation system, and enhance urban water supply security and emergency response capabilities. Promote the development and construction projects to implement low-impact development technical measures such as permeable pavement, rainwater collection and utilization, sunken green space and roof greening. And through comprehensive control measures such as rainwater storage and infiltration, biological retention, river regulation, slope collapse control and slope ecological restoration, soil erosion can be comprehensively controlled to reduce non-point source pollution and repair soil pollution.